13 research outputs found
A proposal of multiplace hyperbaric chamber for animal experimentation and veterinary use
To develop a project of hyperbaric chamber that allows its safe and reliable use in veterinary and animal experimentation. Methods: Based on the technical specifications for the construction of hyperbaric chambers for human beings, it has been developed a design of a chamber with dimensions and characteristics for the use of a midsize animal, (dog or pig), as well as a multiple chamber for the use in small animals (mice, rats, hamsters, rabbits or cats). The technical specifications allowed that the chamber could be used both for veterinary use and for use in experiments on Health Sciences. Results: A chamber with the
following characteristics was built: ASTM A36 steel for the manufacture of the master cylinder and rear cover; front door built in
5052 aluminum; internal diameter of 50.5 cm and 83.0 cm in length; weight 160Kg and internal area of 150cm3; internal space to
accommodate 2 acrylic baskets; 150mm high, 280mm wide and 690mm in length. It was capable of supporting a maximum of
hydrostatic pressure test of 3.0 to 4.0 BAR ACT and maximum working pressure of 2.0 BAR or 3.0 ACT; equipped with security devices and valves that triggers with load of 2.2 BAR or 3.2 ACT. Tests for engineering and biological use on animals showed the
effectiveness of the device. Conclusion: The development of the project enabled the construction of a hyperbaric chamber with
security features and reliability comparable to those required by the legal and technical specifications of a hyperbaric chamber
human use.Desenvolver um projeto de câmara hiperbárica que permita o seu uso seguro e confiável em veterinária e em animais de experimentação de pequeno e mĂ©dio porte. MĂ©todos: Baseados em especificações tĂ©cnicas de construção de câmaras hiperbáricas de seres humanos, foi desenvolvido uma adaptação de projeto de uma câmara com dimensões e caracterĂsticas para uso em animal de mĂ©dio porte (cĂŁo ou porco), assim como câmara mĂşltipla para animais de pequeno porte (camundongos, ratos, hamsters,
coelhos ou gatos). O atendimento às especificações técnicas deve permitir a sua utilização tanto para uso veterinário quanto
para uso em experimentação em CiĂŞncias da SaĂşde. Resultados: Uma câmara com as seguintes caracterĂsticas foi construĂda: aço
ASTM A36 para a confecção do cilindro principal e tampo traseiro, tampo frontal (porta) construĂdo em alumĂnio 5052, diâmetro
interno de 50,5cm e 83,0cm de comprimento; peso de 160Kg e espaço interno de 150cm3; espaço para acomodar 2 cestas de acrĂlico de 150mm de altura, 280mm de largura e 690mm de comprimento; capacidade para suportar um máximo de pressĂŁo hidrostática teste de 3,0BAR ou 4,0 ACT e uma pressĂŁo máxima de trabalho de 2,0 BAR ou 3,0 ACT; equipado com dispositivos e válvulas de segurança que disparam com carga de 2,2 BAR ou 3,2 ACT. Os testes de engenharia e de uso biolĂłgico com animais mostraram a efetividade do equipamento. ConclusĂŁo: O desenvolvimento do projeto permitiu a confecção de uma câmara
hiperbárica com caracterĂsticas de segurança e confiabilidade comparável Ă s exigidas pelas especificações tĂ©cnicas e legais de
uma câmara para tratamento hiperbárico
Factors influencing the outcome of paediatric cardiac surgical patients during extracorporeal circulatory support
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a common modality of circulatory assist device used in children. We assessed the outcome of children who had ECMO following repair of congenital cardiac defects (CCD) and identified the risk factors associated with hospital mortality.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>From April 1990 to December 2003, 53 patients required ECMO following surgical correction of CCD. Retrospectively collected data was analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Median age and weight of the patients were 150 days and 5.4 kgs respectively. The indications for ECMO were low cardiac output in 16, failure to wean cardiopulmonary bypass in 13, cardiac arrest in 10 and cardio-respiratory failure in 14 patients. The mean duration of ECMO was 143 hours. Weaning off from ECMO was successful in 66% and of these 83% were survival to hospital-discharge. 37.7% of patients were alive for the mean follow-up period of 75 months. On univariate analysis, arrhythmias, ECMO duration >168 hours, bleeding complications, renal replacement therapy on ECMO, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest after ECMO were associated with hospital mortality.</p> <p>On multivariate analysis, abnormal neurology, bleeding complications and arrhythmias after ECMO were associated with hospital mortality. Extra and intra-thoracic cannulations were used in 79% and 21% of patients respectively and extra-thoracic cannulation had significantly less bleeding complications (p = 0.031).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>ECMO provides an effective circulatory support following surgical repair of CCD in children. Extra-thoracic cannulation is associated with less bleeding complications. Abnormal neurology, bleeding complications on ECMO and arrhythmias after ECMO are poor prognostic indicators for hospital survival.</p