Controle De Conyza Bonariensis Com Glyphosate Associado A Adjuvantes Aplicados Com Diferentes Pontas De Pulverização

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)The study aimed to evaluate the control of Conyza bonariensis in delayed post-emergence stage using different spray nozzles and solutions with and without adjuvants; and to verify the occurrence of resistance to glyphosate, determining the dose-response curve. The experimental design was randomized in factorial (6 spray nozzles x 5 spray solution) in twenty repetitions. The treatments were represented by spray nozzles: XR 110015 XR 11002, TT 11002 AIXR 11002, AIC 11002 and AI 11002. Tested spray solution were: glyphosate; glyphosate + Nimbus®; glyphosate + Agral®; Glyphosate + LI-700® and without herbicide application. The use or not of adjuvants in the spray solution did not differ statistically from the solution containing the herbicide only. The spray nozzles AIXR 11002, TT 11002 and XR 11002 presented best results of control the horseweed from the evaluation of 07 days after application (DAP) and 28 DAP and such spray nozzles maintained the best average of control percentage. The higher dry matter reductions of horseweed were obtained by spray nozzles 110015 XR, TT 11002 and 11002 XR compared with the control. The population evaluated presents biotypes that resist to doses of 2.880 g.ha-1 a.e. of glyphosate. It is concluded that the evaluated biotypes presents tolerance to glyphosate, independent of your association or not with adjuvants. © 2017, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia. All rights reserved.332297305CAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFUNDECT, Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do SulCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Selection of strawberry cultivars with tolerance to Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and high yield under different managements.

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is considered the main pest of strawberry. Several factors can favor its development, among them the genotype susceptibility and cropping system. The aims of this study were to evaluate the agronomic performance of strawberry cultivars under different managements and to identify strawberry cultivars that meet tolerance to T. urticae and high fruit yield. Thirteen cultivars of strawberry ('Albion', 'Aleluia', 'Aromas', 'Camarosa', 'Camino Real', 'Campinas', 'Diamante', 'Dover', 'Festival', 'Seascape', 'Toyonoka', 'Tudla', and 'Ventana') under three managements (open field, low tunnel, and high tunnel) were evaluated. The T. urticae attack to different cultivars was influenced by managements, being low tunnel the one that provided higher infestations in the most evaluated cultivars. 'Camarosa' was the cultivar with the lower incidence of pest and 'Dover' had the higher infestation. The genotype most suitable for growing under different managements is the 'Festival' genotype, since it meets tolerance to T. urticae, high fruit yield, and phenotypic stability

Contribuição dos caracteres de qualidade da forragem ao teor de proteína bruta em Urochloa brizantha

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar quais caracteres qualitativos poderão ser usados na seleção direta e indireta de genótipos de Urochloa brizantha, quanto ao teor de proteína bruta. Foram avaliados nove genótipos, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com duas repetições. Os caracteres qualitativos avaliados foram: volume de gás acumulado nas frações rápida e lenta, proteína bruta, fibras em detergentes neutro e ácido, celulose, lignina, sílica e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica. A digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica é indicada tanto para a seleção direta quanto indireta de genótipos de U. brizantha com maior teor de proteína bruta

Biplot analysis of phenotypic stability in upland cotton genotypes in Mato Grosso

Seed cotton yield is a trait governed by multiple genes that cause changes in the performance of genotypes depending on the cultivation environment. Breeding programs examine the genotype x environment interaction (GE) using precise statistical methods, such as AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) and GGE biplot (genotype main effects + genotype x environment interaction). The AMMI method combines the analysis of variance and principal components, to adjust the main effects (genotypes and environments) and the effects of GE interaction, respectively. The GGE biplot groups the genotype additive effect together with the multiplicative effect of the GE interaction, and submits both of these to the principal components analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the AMMI and GGE biplot methods and select cotton genotypes that simultaneously showed high productivity of seed cotton and stability in Mato Grosso environments. Trials were conducted with cotton cultivars in eight environments across Mato Grosso State in the 2008/2009 crop season. The experiment used a randomized block design with 16 genotypes and four replicates per genotype x environment combination. Data for seeds cotton productivity were analyzed by AMMI and GGE biplot methods. Both methods were concordant in the discrimination of environments and genotypes for phenotypic stability. The genotypes BRS ARAÇÁ and LD 05 CV had high seed cotton productivity and phenotypic stability, and could be grown in all environments across Mato Grosso State

Clustering of soybean genotypes via Ward- MLM and ANNs associated with mixed models

não consta número de páginasThe objectives of this study were to use mixed models to confirm the presence of genetic variability in 16 soybean genotypes, to compare clusters generated by artificial neural networks (ANNs) with those created by the Ward modified location model (MLM) technique, and to indicate parental combinations that hold promise for obtaining superior segregating populations of soybean. A field trial was conducted between November 2014 and February 2015 at Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, MS. The experimental design consisted of four replications of randomized blocks, each containing 16 treatments. We assessed the following agronomic traits: plant height, first pod height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, hundred-grain weight, and grain yield. Mixed models were used to estimate variance components and genetic parameters, and obtain genotypic values for each trait. After verifying the presence of genetic variability for all traits, genotypic values were submitted to both a Ward-MLM procedure and ANNs to estimate genetic divergence among genotypes. The number of groups formed by both methods was the same, but there were differences in group constitutions. ANN analysis improved soybean genotypes clustering patterns compared to Ward-MLM procedure. Based on these methods, divergent crosses may be made between genotype 97R73 with genotypes AS3797 and SYN9070, whereas convergent crosses may be made between genotypes AS3797 and SYN9070

Minimum number of measurements for evaluating soursop (Annona muricata L.) yield

Repeatability studies on fruit species are of great importance to identify the minimum number of measurements necessary to accurately select superior genotypes. This study aimed to identify the most efficient method to estimate the repeatability coefficient (r) and predict the minimum number of measurements needed for a more accurate evaluation of soursop (Annona muricata L.) genotypes based on fruit yield. Sixteen measurements of fruit yield from 71 soursop genotypes were carried out between 2000 and 2016. In order to estimate r with the best accuracy, four procedures were used: analysis of variance, principal component analysis based on the correlation matrix, principal component analysis based on the phenotypic variance and covariance matrix, and structural analysis based on the correlation matrix. The minimum number of measurements needed to predict the actual value of individuals was estimated. Principal component analysis using the phenotypic variance and covariance matrix provided the most accurate estimates of both r and the number of measurements required for accurate evaluation of fruit yield in soursop. Our results indicate that selection of soursop genotypes with high fruit yield can be performed based on the third and fourth measurements in the early years and/or based on the eighth and ninth measurements at more advanced stages

Usefulness of the HMRPGV method for simultaneous selection of upland cotton genotypes with greater fiber length and high yield stability

The harmonic mean of the relative performance of genotypic predicted value (HMRPGV) method has been used to measure the genotypic stability and adaptability of various crops. However, its use in cotton is still restricted. This study aimed to use mixed models to select cotton genotypes that simultaneously result in longer fiber length, higher fiber yield, and phenotypic stability in both of these traits. Eight trials with 16 cotton genotypes were conducted in the 2008/2009 harvest in Mato Grosso State. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with four replicates of each of the 16 genotypes. In each trial, we evaluated fiber yield and fiber length. The genetic parameters were estimated using the restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased predictor method. Joint selection considering, simultaneously, fiber length, fiber yield, stability, and adaptability is possible with the HMRPGV method. Our results suggested that genotypes CNPA MT 04 2080 and BRS CEDRO may be grown in environments similar to those tested here and may be predicted to result in greater fiber length, fiber yield, adaptability, and phenotypic stability. These genotypes may constitute a promising population base in breeding programs aimed at increasing these trait values

Identification of sorghum hybrids with high phenotypic stability using GGE biplot methodology

The aim of this study was to identify sorghum hybrids that have both high yield and phenotypic stability in Brazilian environments. Seven trials were conducted between February and March 2011. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 25 treatments and three replicates. The treatments consisted of 20 simple pre-commercial hybrids and five witnesses of grain sorghum. Sorghum genotypes were analyzed by the genotype main effects + genotype environment interaction (GGE) biplot method if significant genotype x environment interaction, adaptability, and phenotypic stability were detected. GGE biplot methodology identified two groups of environments, the first composed of Água Comprida-MG, Montividiu-GO, and Vilhena- RO and the second of Guaíra-SP and Sete Lagoas-MG. The BRS 308 and 1G282 genotypes were found to have high grain yield, adaptability, and phenotypic stability and are thus indicated for cultivation in the first and second groups of environments, respectively