The Becoming and Development of the Scientific School of Physiology of Kidneys and Water-Salt Metabolism in Novosibirsk

The article considers analysis of stages of becoming and development of scientific school of physiology of kidneys and water-salt metabolism in at the chair of normal physiology of the Novosibirsk State Medical Institute (University) being one of branches of prominent physiological school of I. P. Pavlov-L. A. Orbeli-A. G. Ginetsinsky and his disciples. An original periodization of its history (precondition, becoming, development and concluding periods) is proposed. The fundamental role of professor A.G. Ginetsinsky in becoming of the given physiological school and its further development under the guidance of professor Ya.D. Finkinshtein are established. The key directions of activities of this scientific school such as links of reflex mechanisms of osmoregulation; the ontogenic features of osmoregulatory mechanisms, role of hypothalamic-pituitary system hormones in maintenance of water-electrolyte homeostasis, osmoregulatory reflexes at various pathophysiological processes, regulation of micro-circulatory processes of formation of cerebro-spinal liquid, development of conceptions of reflex regulation of ionic homeostasis are established and analyzed. The study demonstrated that the given physiological school fully conforms to criteria of scientific school (availability of leader, intergenerational continuity, unity of problematics, duration of existence in time and space, recognition of input into science by disciplinary scientific community)

Shock-Wave Synthesis of Intermetallic Compounds Ti3Al, TiAl Analysis of Heterophase Structure Formation

The intermetallics have been synthesized from Ti3Al- and TiAl-composition powders by using the spherical shock waves and the structures was studied. The shock wave was formed by means of the spherical charge of explosive which surrounded a steel ball (capsule of conservation) with the powder mixture inside. It was revealed that the synthesized intermetallics had the increased microhardness as compared with materials obtained by traditional methods. The role of iron particles, injected during the synthesis from the capsule of conservation, in the formation of structure was found out. The existence of a great variety of phases, including metastable and non-equilibrium ones, was shown.Utilisant les ondes sphériques de choc le composé intermétallique à la base des poudres Ti3Al et TiAl est synthétisé et l'analyse de la structure formée est effectué. L'onde de choc se forme à l'aide de l'explosif sphérique entourant la balle d'acier (capsule de conservation), au centre duquel le mélange pulvérulent est disposé. Il est décelé que le composé intermétallique synthétisé a la dureté accrue en comparaison des matériaux obtenus par les méthodes traditionnelles. Le rôle des particules de fer injectées pendant la synthèse de la capsule de conservation est révelé pour la formation d'une structure. Il fait voir l'existence d'un grand nombre des phases, y compris celles métastables et non equilibrées

Excess of charged over neutral KK meson production in high-energy collisions of atomic nuclei

Collisions of atomic nuclei at relativistic velocities produce new particles, predominantly mesons containing one valence quark and one valence anti-quark. These particles are produced in strong interactions, which preserve an approximate symmetry between up ($u$) and down ($d$) quarks. In the case of $K$ meson production, if this symmetry were exact, it would result in equal numbers of charged ($K^+$ and $K^-$) and neutral ($K^0$ and $\overline K^0$) mesons in the final state. In this Letter, we report a measurement of the relative abundance of charged over neutral $K$ meson production in collisions of argon and scandium nuclei at a center-of-mass energy of 11.9~GeV per nucleon pair. We find that production of $\mathit{K^+}$ and $\mathit{K^-}$ mesons at mid-rapidity displays a significant excess of $(23.3\pm 5.7)\%$ relative to that of the neutral $K$ mesons. The origin of this unexpected excess remains to be elucidated.Collisions of atomic nuclei at relativistic velocities produce new particles, predominantly mesons containing one valence quark and one valence anti-quark. These particles are produced in strong interactions, which preserve an approximate symmetry between up ($u$) and down ($d$) quarks. In the case of $K$ meson production, if this symmetry were exact, it would result in equal numbers of charged ($K^+$ and $K^-$) and neutral ($K^0$ and $\overline{K}$$^0$) mesons in the final state. In this Letter, we report a measurement of the relative abundance of charged over neutral $K$ meson production in collisions of argon and scandium nuclei at a center-of-mass energy of 11.9~GeV per nucleon pair. We find that production of $K^+$ and $K^-$ mesons at mid-rapidity displays a significant excess of $(23.3\pm 5.7)\%$ relative to that of the neutral $K$ mesons. The origin of this unexpected excess remains to be elucidated

Excess of charged over neutral KK meson production in high-energy collisions of atomic nuclei

International audienceCollisions of atomic nuclei at relativistic velocities produce new particles, predominantly mesons containing one valence quark and one valence anti-quark. These particles are produced in strong interactions, which preserve an approximate symmetry between up ($u$) and down ($d$) quarks. In the case of $K$ meson production, if this symmetry were exact, it would result in equal numbers of charged ($K^+$ and $K^-$) and neutral ($K^0$ and $\overline{K}$$^0$) mesons in the final state. In this Letter, we report a measurement of the relative abundance of charged over neutral $K$ meson production in collisions of argon and scandium nuclei at a center-of-mass energy of 11.9~GeV per nucleon pair. We find that production of $K^+$ and $K^-$ mesons at mid-rapidity displays a significant excess of $(23.3\pm 5.7)\%$ relative to that of the neutral $K$ mesons. The origin of this unexpected excess remains to be elucidated

Measurements of higher-order cumulants of multiplicity and net-electric charge distributions in inelastic proton-proton interactions by NA61/SHINE

This paper presents the energy dependence of multiplicity and net-electric charge fluctuations in $p+p$ interactions at beam momenta 20, 31, 40, 80, and 158 GeV/$c$. Results are corrected for the experimental biases and quantified with the use of cumulants and factorial cumulants. Data are compared with the Epos1.99 and FTFP-BERT model predictions

Measurements of higher-order cumulants of multiplicity and net-electric charge distributions in inelastic proton-proton interactions by NA61/SHINE

International audienceThis paper presents the energy dependence of multiplicity and net-electric charge fluctuations in $p+p$ interactions at beam momenta 20, 31, 40, 80, and 158 GeV/$c$. Results are corrected for the experimental biases and quantified with the use of cumulants and factorial cumulants. Data are compared with the Epos1.99 and FTFP-BERT model predictions

Search for the critical point of strongly-interacting matter in 40{}^{40}Ar + 45{}^{45}Sc collisions at 150A GeV/c using scaled factorial moments of protons

International audienceThe critical point of dense, strongly interacting matter is searched for at the CERN SPS in ${}^{40}$Ar + ${}^{45}$Sc collisions at 150A GeV/c. The dependence of second-order scaled factorial moments of proton multiplicity distribution on the number of subdivisions of transverse momentum space is measured. The intermittency analysis is performed using both transverse momentum and cumulative transverse momentum. For the first time, statistically independent data sets are used for each subdivision number. The obtained results do not indicate any statistically significant intermittency pattern. An upper limit on the fraction of critical proton pairs and the power of the correlation function is obtained based on a comparison with the Power-law Model developed for this purpose

Measurements of KS0K^0_{\textrm{S}}, Λ\Lambda and Λˉ\bar{\Lambda} production in 120 GeV/cc p + C interactions

This paper presents multiplicity measurements of $K^0_{\textrm{S}}$, $\Lambda$, and $\bar{\Lambda}$ produced in 120 GeV/$c$ proton-carbon interactions. The measurements were made using data collected at the NA61/SHINE experiment during two different periods. Decays of these neutral hadrons impact the measured $\pi^+$, $\pi^-$, $p$ and $\bar{p}$ multiplicities in the 120 GeV/$c$ proton-carbon reaction, which are crucial inputs for long-baseline neutrino experiment predictions of neutrino beam flux. The double-differential multiplicities presented here will be used to more precisely measure charged-hadron multiplicities in this reaction, and to re-weight neutral hadron production in neutrino beam Monte Carlo simulations

Measurement of Hadron Production in π−\pi^--C Interactions at 158 and 350 GeV/c with NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS

We present a measurement of the momentum spectra of $\pi^\pm$, K$^\pm$, p$^\pm$, $\Lambda$, $\bar{\Lambda}$ and K$^{0}_{S}$ produced in interactions of negatively charged pions with carbon nuclei at beam momenta of 158 and 350 GeV/c. The total production cross sections are measured as well. The data were collected with the large-acceptance spectrometer of the fixed target experiment NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS. The obtained double-differential $p$-$p_T$ spectra provide a unique reference data set with unprecedented precision and large phase-space coverage to tune models used for the simulation of particle production in extensive air showers in which pions are the most numerous projectiles