360 research outputs found

    Arc Magmas from Slab to Eruption: The Case of Kliuchevskoy Volcano

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    Arc magmas are generated by a number of mantle and crustal processes. Our multidisciplinary, long-term research is aimed at deciphering these processes for a single arc volcano, Kliuchevskoy volcano in Kamchatka. Some key results of the study follow: 1) Modeling of trace element and H2O contents in melt inclusions suggests that the primary magmas originate via hydrous flux-melting of the mantle wedge at temperatures close to the dry peridotite solidus. The role of decompression melting is minor or absent at Kliuchevskoy and other arc volcanoes built on relatively thick crust. 2) Geochemistry of high-Mg olivine suggests that primary Kliuchevskoy magmas have substantial contribution from olivine-free pyroxenite (up to 30 %), which could be formed by reaction of slab melts (or supercritical fluids) with mantle wedge peridotite. 3) Parental Kliuchevskoy melts start to crystallize as deep as the Moho boundary, and the erupted magmas reflect multistage and complex processes of crystallization, magma mixing and crustal assimilation. None of the Kliuchevskoy rocks analyzed thus far represent true primary melt compositions. 4) The Kliuchevskoy Holocene eruptive history is not steady-state in terms of eruption rate and geochemistry. There are two millenial cycles with major and trace element and OSr- Nd-Pb and U-series isotope compositions of the magmas changing gradually from more to less affected by crustal (?) assimilation. The onset of the cycles correlates with periods of enhanced volcanic activity in Kamchatka, suggesting that the extent of magma-crust interaction is inversely related to magma production rate and thus magma flux from the mantle

    On the Transversal Vibrations of an Axially Moving Continuum With a Time-Varying Velocity: Transient From String to Beam Behavior,”

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    ABSTRACT In this paper an initial-boundary value problem for a linear equation describing an axially moving stretched beam will be considered. The velocity of the beam is assumed to be timevarying. since the order of magnitude of the bending stiffness terms depends on the vibrations modes and the frequencies involved a that combination of two simplified models (a string equation and a beam with string effect equation) will be used to describe the transversal vibrations of the system accurately. Based on the calculations of the natural frequencies the regions of applicability of these models will be determined. A two time-scales perturbation method will be used to construct formal asymptotic approximations of the solutions. It will be shown that the linear axially moving "string to beam" model already has complicated dynamical behavior. NOMENCLATURE U(X, T ) the displacement of the string in vertical direction, V (T ) the time-varying belt speed, c the wave speed, X the coordinate in horizontal direction, E the modulus of elasticity, I the moment of inertia with the respect to the X (horizontal) axis, ρ the mass density of the belt, A the area of the cross section of the belt, T the time, and Ο€L the distance between the pulleys. INTRODUCTION Axially moving systems are present in a vast class of engineering problems which arise in industrial, civil, aerospatial, mechanical, electronic, medical, and automotive applications. Serpentine belts, aerial cables, tram and train ways, oil pipelines, magnetic tapes, power transmission belts, band saw blades, chair lifts in skiing resorts, and even models of human DNA are examples of real objects where axial transport of mass can be associated with transverse vibrations. Investigating transverse vibrations of a belt system is a challenging subject which has been studied for many years by many researches and still is of interest today (see references for a recent overview). In the classical analysis of axially moving continua the vibrations are usually classified into two types, i.e. whether it is of a string-like type or of a beam-like type, depending on the bending stiffness of the belt. If the bending stiffness can be neglected then the system is classified as string (wave)-like, otherwise it is classified as beam-like. The transverse vibrations of a belt system (with time-varying velocity V (t)) can be modelled mathematically as

    ΠžΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ палинологичСских исслСдований Π² нСфтяной Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ

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    The authors present the directions for palynological research: detailed (zonal) palynostratigraphy for clarifying the age and correlation of reservoirs; palynological facial analysis for reconstruct the position of the ancient coastline; determination of the degree of catagenesis of organic matter using the palynomorphs color index for assessing the oil and gas generation potential of terrigenous sediments of the Perm region.Авторы прСдставили направлСния палинологичСских исслСдований: Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ (зональная) палиностратиграфия для уточнСния возраста ΠΈ коррСляции ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… пластов; ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ„Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· для рСконструкции полоТСния Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π²Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ; ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ стСпСни ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° органичСского вСщСства ΠΏΠΎ Ρ†Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ индСксу ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ края

    Perspectives and commitments of smart education in Russia

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    The challenges of modern world are not only numerous, but also diverse – from a positive impact on the development of society to clearly unfriendly attacks in the economy, politics, science and education. Positive trends are associated with the smart education development, a new cognitive sphere that involves complex communication of all participants in the educational process in order to continuously improve the methods and technologies of the knowledge economy. In the digital paradigm of social development management, the knowledge sources are not only various formats (digital and paper) of textbooks, manuals and other, but also a close creative union between a teacher and a student, which allows not to get lost in the endless expanses of the Internet. The article highlights the trends in the domestic and foreign authors’ studying problems and prospects for the development of smart education. A mechanism for transforming the established methods of vocational training in Russian universities into a new concept of smart education is proposed. The principles of digital education format are formulated. The article content is determined by the methodology for the knowledge economy development: the basic principles of smart education and conceptually important methods for educational process organising. The studies of professors A.A. Bubenchikov, V.V. Glukhov, M.K. Novikov, V.P. Tikhomirov, etc., facilitated the idea of a prospective smart university concept development. The article is based on scientific research methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, historical and logical methods, positive and normative analysis, and the method of scientific logic

    Cluster analysis of blood serum inflammation markers of conditionally healthy people

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    Determination of inflammatory markers in blood of conventionally healthy people is of interest due to opportunity of detecting diseases at early (preclinical) stages, as well as latent forms of pathological processes. The level of inflammation may serve as an additional criterion to forming control groups in clinical and biological studies. The aim of the study is to identify some inflammatory and autoimmune markers in a group of conventionally healthy people and to conduct a cluster analysis of the data obtained. The study involved 100 apparently healthy people (without clinical signs of infections, somatic, neurological or mental diseases) aged 19 to 88 years. The levels of IL-10, TNFΞ±, IL-6 and autoantibodies to S100b and MBP were determined in blood serum using ELISA. Enzymatic activity of leukocyte elastase (LE) and functional activity of the Ξ±1-proteinase inhibitor (Ξ±1-PI) were determined spectrophotometrically. Protease inhibitory index (PII) was calculated as the ratio of LE to Ξ±1-PI. Cluster analysis, as well as the Shapiro–Wilk, Kruskal–Wallis, and ANOVA methods were used as the main approach to statistical data processing. All the subjects were divided into three clusters, according to their immunological parameters. The selected clusters were statistically significantly different from each other, in terms of LE activity, protease-inhibitory index (PII), as well as IL-10 and TNFΞ± levels. The indices of a distinct cluster (43% of total cohort) are most close to average indices assessed for the general sample, which gives ground to consider the values of immune indicators from this cluster as physiological norm, corresponding to the background immunity state in healthy people. Combination of immunological parameters in two other clusters (30 and 27% of the subjects, respectively) may reflect different variants of inflammatory reactions. These clusters are characterized by multidirectional changes in LE activity and protease-inhibitory index, compared to the standard values, thus suggestive for different variants of latent inflammatory reactivity, which are realized in the patients presented in these clusters. The obtained clusters did not differ by age of the subjects (p = 0.3476), which makes it possible to exclude a significant influence of age on the determined immune parameters, and by gender characteristics (p = 0.7233). The selected clusters did not differ statistically in the functional activity of Ξ±1-PI and in the level of autoantibodies to S100b and MBP. Thus, the group of conditionally healthy people is heterogeneous in terms of inflammation markers. Inflammatory reactions of varying severity were detected in about half of the cases. Probably, this may indicate the presence of a latent pathological process and requires a detailed clinical examination

    Development of Intelligent Interface to Input and Edit Meteorological Data

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    The paper presents the method of development of user interface for the hydrometeorological data acquisition system. This research includes some basic principles of creating hydrometeorological messages according to code KN-01 SYNOP. This code allows creating messages as a set of code groups. Every group keeps values of definite meteorological properties. The result of studies was implemented in creating of the user interface for the software that allows working with hydrometeorological data. The KN-01 code defines the class hierarchy of this software. The studies have shown that this method of software development is especially effective for visualization of the meteorological telegrams on devices with small display

    ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС расчСтной эффСктивности госзакупок Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ основС

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    The subject of the study is the problems of institutional and methodological-legal regulation of the contract system of public procurement.The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that there have been changes in the structure and composition of forms of contract activity as a result of the 2017 adoption of amendments to Law No. 44 in the dynamics of the distribution of order placement procedures.The purpose of the study is to develop a scientific methodology for calculating the effectiveness of procurement activities on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of public procurement on a contractual basis, plan-fact analysis, and the implementation of the principles of compliance control in public procurement management.The paper uses methods of statistical and comparative analysis, generalization, classification and valuation. The paper shows that the present disadvantages of institutional regulation of procurement processes have a negative effect on their effectiveness, requiring improved oversight of public procurements as well as analytical and methodological support. The authors suggested that the principles of compliance-control of public procurement management be applied on a contractual basis in order to increase the level of credibility and legality of activities conducted in procurement. The author’s vision of the content of the methods of calculating the performance of procurement activities on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of public procurements on a contract basis is presented. For the collection of data for plan-fact analysis, their systematization for further calculation of performance indicators of public procurement on a contractual basis, a specialized form β€œData Summary for Plan-Fact Analysis of Procurement” is proposed. If the procurement proposals presented in the study are implemented, they will increase the efficiency of the Russian public procurement contract system, the responsibility of participants in it, and the professional competence of officials.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ исслСдования ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСгулирования ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы государствСнных Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ обусловлСна Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ принятия Π² 2017 Π³. ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ Π² Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΡ‚ 05.04.2013 β„– 44-Π€Π— «О ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС Π² сфСрС Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚, услуг для обСспСчСния государствСнных ΠΈ ΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Β» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΈ измСнСния Π² структурС ΠΈ составС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ распрСдСлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€ размСщСния Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°. ЦСлью исслСдования являСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ обоснованной ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ расчСта Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° основС комплСксной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ эффСктивности госзакупок Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ основС, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½-Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, внСдрСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² комплаСнс-контроля управлСния госзакупками. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ статистичСского ΠΈ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², обобщСния, классификации, стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎ настоящСго Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ нСдостатки ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСгулирования Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… эффСктивности, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° госзакупок ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ аналитикомСтодичСского обСспСчСния. Авторами ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ комплаСнс-контроля управлСния госзакупками Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ основС Π² цСлях ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ уровня достовСрности ΠΈ законности ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… мСроприятий Π² сфСрС Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΊ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ авторскоС Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ содСрТания ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ расчСта Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° основС комплСксной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ эффСктивности госзакупок Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ основС. Для сбора Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½-Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΈΡ… систСматизации для дальнСйшСго расчСта ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ эффСктивности госзакупок Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ основС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° спСциализированная Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° Β«Π‘Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½-Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΊΒ». Π’Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΊ прСдставлСнных Π² исслСдовании ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ функционирования российской ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы государствСнных Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΊ, ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ участников ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ².

    Sensitivity Optimization and Experimental Study of the Long-Range Metal Detector Based on Chaotic Duffing Oscillator

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    Sensors based on chaotic oscillators have a simple design, combined with high sensitivity and energy efficiency. Among many developed schemes of such sensors, the promising one is based on the Duffing oscillator, which possesses a remarkable property of demonstrating chaotic oscillations only in the presence of a weak sine wave at the input. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the maximal sensitivity of a practically implemented metal detector based on the Duffing oscillator and compare its sensitivity with conventional sensors. To achieve high efficiency of the Duffing-based design, we proposed an algorithm which performs a bifurcation analysis of any chaotic system, classifies the oscillation modes and determines the system sensitivity to a change in different parameters. We apply the developed algorithm to improve the sensitivity of the electronic circuit implementing the Duffing oscillator, serving as a key part of a three-coil metal detector. We show that the developed design allows detecting the presence of metal objects near the coils more reliably than the conventional signal analysis techniques, and the developed detector is capable of sensing a large metal plate at distances up to 2.8 of the coil diameter, which can be considered a state-of-the-art result. Β© 2022 by the authors
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