Probing the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in CoFeB ultrathin films using domain wall creep and Brillouin light spectroscopy

We have characterized the strength of the interfacial Dyzaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in ultrathin perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB/MgO films, grown on different underlayers of W, TaN, and Hf, using two experimental methods. First, we determined the effective DMI field from measurements of field-driven domain wall motion in the creep regime, where applied in-plane magnetic fields induce an anisotropy in the wall propagation that is correlated with the DMI strength. Second, Brillouin light spectroscopy was employed to quantify the frequency non-reciprocity of spin waves in the CoFeB layers, which yielded an independent measurement of the DMI. By combining these results, we show that DMI estimates from the different techniques only yield qualitative agreement, which suggests that open questions remain on the underlying models used to interpret these results.Comment: 8 page

МЕДИКАМЕНТОЗНОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ МУКОВИСЦИДОЗА В РОССИИ: АНАЛИЗ ДАННЫХ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО РЕГИСТРА (2014)

The aim of this study was to analyze drug therapy of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Russia. Methods. Findings of the Russian National Register of CF patients, 2014, were used in this study. The 2014 Register included data for 2,131 patients (2,092 alive and 39 died) from 74 regions of Russia. The median age was 10.2 (15.2) years, 29.2% of patients were aged 18 years and older. We analyzed administration of bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), systemic steroids, dornase alfa, hypertonic saline solution, macrolides, systemic and inhaled antibiotics, pancreatic enzymes, ursodeoxycholic acid, and fat-soluble vitamins. Results. Drug administration rates were as follows: bronchodilators, 65.9%; ICS, 21.7%; systemic steroids, 5.5%; macrolides, 32.4%; dornase-alfa, 92.8%; hypertonic saline solution, 45.9%; intravenous antibiotics, 62.3%; oral antibiotics, 73.3%; inhaled antibiotics, 41.3%; pancreatic enzymes, 93.3%; ursodeoxycholic acid, 91.4%; and fat-soluble vitamins, 88.3%. Conclusion. Compared to treatment of CF patients in the Western Europe, there is higher rate of administration of pancreatic enzymes, ursodeoxycholic acid, dornase alfa, hypertonic saline solution and intravenous antibiotics in Russia. Compared to treatment strategy in USA, there is higher rate of administration of pancreatic enzymes and lower rate of administration of bronchodilators, hypertonic saline solution and inhaled antibiotics in Russia. Муковисцидоз (МВ) – тяжелое мультисистемное заболевание, требующее комплексного медикаментозного и немедикаментозного лечения. Особенностям лекарственной терапии разнородных по числу и возрасту групп больных МВ, проживающих в разных регионах России, посвящено ограниченное число работ, однако общий анализ данных большой группы пациентов в рамках единого регистра ранее не проводился. Цель. Выявление особенностей медикаментозной терапии больных МВ в России по данным национального Регистра (2014). Материалы и методы. Использованы сведения о пациентах (n = 2 131; 2 092 живых и 39 умерших) из 74 регионов России, состоящих в национальном Регистре больных муковисцидозом (2014). Медиана возраста пациентов составила 10,2 (15,2) года, доля взрослых (не моложе 18 лет) – 29,2 %. Проанализирована частота назначения лекарственной терапии бронходилататорами, ингаляционными (иГКС) и системными (сГКС) глюкокортикостероидами (ГКС), дорназой альфа, гипертоническим раствором натрия хлорида, макролидами, системными и ингаляционными антибактериальными препаратами (АБП), панкреатическими ферментами, урсодезоксихолевой кислотой (УДХК), жирорастворимыми витаминами. Результаты. Частота применения медикаментозной терапии по России распределена следующим образом: бронходилататоры – 65,9 %; иГКС – 21,7 %; сГКС – 5,5 %; макролиды – 32,4 %; дорназа альфа – 92,8 %; гипертонический раствор натрия хлорида – 45,9 %; внутривенные АБП – 62,3 %; пероральные АБП – 73,3 %; ингаляционные АБП – 41,3 %; панкреатические ферменты – 93,3 %; УДХК – 91,4 %; жирорастворимые витамины – 88,3 %. Отмечено, что взрослым больным наиболее часто назначаются бронхолитические препараты, АБП и ГКС; реже применяются панкреатические ферменты и УДХК. Заключение. Среди особенностей терапии российских больных по сравнению со странами Западной Европы можно выделить высокую долю назначения панкреатических ферментов, УДХК, дорназы альфа, гипертонического раствора и внутривенных АБП. По сравнению с США чаще назначаются панкреатические ферменты, реже – бронходилататоры, гипертонический раствор натрия хлорида и ингаляционные АБП

THE UTERINE AND FETOPLACENTAL HEMODYNAMICS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PLACENTA PREVIA AND PLACENTA ACCRETA

The aim of the study was to analyze the uterine and fetoplacental hemodynamics in pregnant women with placenta abnormalities. Materials and methods. Fifty pregnant women with normal placentation (Group 1), 50 women with placenta previa (Group 2) and 28 women with placenta accreta (Group 3) were examined in this study. The ultrasound examination included the traditional fetometry and an assessment of fetus anatomy and localization of the placenta. In addition, the Doppler ultrasound was used to examine the blood flow in the uterine arteries as well as the umbilical artery and the middle cerebral artery of the fetus. The measurements were performed on the 20-22nd, 30-32nd and 35-36th weeks of gestation.Results. According to the data obtained, the blood flow in the uterine arteries of patients with placenta pervia was much higher as compared with women with normal placental localization. The right uterine artery blood flow indices in the placenta previa cases significantly differed from those in women with placenta accreta. The pulsatility index in the right uterine artery was significantly lower in patients with placenta accreta as compared with the two other groups. The data on fetoplacental hemodynamics indicated differences in the umbilical artery blood flow between women with placenta accreta, placenta previa and normal placental localization on the 20-22nd and 35-36th weeks of gestation. Along with the above findings in the uterine and fetoplacental hemodynamics, the parameters of blood flow in the fetal middle cerebral artery did not differ significantly between the three groups of women at any period of gestation.Conclusion. The conditions of placenta accreta and placenta previa are associated with a decrease in the peripheral vascular resistance in both uterine arteries during all periods of gestation. This conclusion is supported by the lower values of the pulsatility index in these blood vessels in comparison to the values in patients with normal placental localization

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ANALYSIS OF IL -1Β, IL -4, AND IL -1Β RA GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN ETHNIC BASHKIR PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, LIVING IN C HELYABINSK REGION

Abstract. Common polymorphisms of interleukin-1β, receptor antagonist interleukin-1, and interleukin-4 genes have been studied among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis of Bashkir origin, living in Chelyabinsk Region. As a result of study, an increased frequency of interleukin-1β homozygosity for a high-producer allele was found. An association has been revealed between the homozygosity for 2-repeat allele of interleukin-4, and the age of disease onset

Large voltage tuning of Dzyalonshinskii-Moriya interaction: towards a chirality switch?

San Diego, California, United StatesInternational audienc