DYNAMICS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS AND STATE OF ANTIBIOTiC THERAPY IN MULTIFIELD CLINIC

We carried out comparative analysis of the results of microbiological researches and antibiotic resistance of main pathogens of nosocomial infections from 2005 to 2010 years. During this period quota of MRSE (65—74 %), MRSA (22,7—35 %) is stably high and. especially quota of producers of different β-lactamases among other Enterobacteriaceae pathogens (3,2—65 %) increased that caused, significant expenses for antibiotic therapy by carbapenems (22,7—40 %), glycopeptides (2,7—10 %). Monitoring of tendencies of resistance of the most important pathogens of hospital infections optimication of antimicrobial therapy and introduction, of the system of preventive measures allowed, to decrease economic expenses for antimicrobial means to 17,5 %

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITAL

Currently, Clostridium difficile is the main reason of a nosocomial diarrhea, caused by uncontrolled antibacterial treatment. This problem is not paid, enough attention in our country. We analyzed. 536 cases of antibiotic associated infections using new immunochromotographical assay for express detection of Clostridium difficile. Since 2008 to 2011 evaluated rate of the positive tests was 28,7 % among the hospital patients. The first line therapy of this infection is vancomycine and metronidazole. We also observed increased incidence of mycosis, which accompanying the antibiotic associated diarrheas. During the same period the rate of Candida spp. infection was 50,8 % among the same patients. We used fluconazole and. amphotericine for the mycosis treatment. We also recommended to manage disbiosis during one year after discontinue of the treatment, and. we supposed reasonable to be managed by infectionist for this group of patients

Subjective perception by students of quality and significance of the employment and their psychoemotical condition

In this article, we examine the relationship between the psych emotional state of students of clinical psychologists in the classroom with the assessment of the quality and significance of the training. The research was carried out with the purpose of revealing the consistency of the subjective perception of the educational process and the emotional attitude of the students towards it. The results obtained can be used to improve the quality of education and help students develop a motivational sphere.В данной статье рассмотрена связь психоэмоционального состояния студентов клинических психологов на занятии с оценкой ими качества и значимости обучения. Исследование было проведено с целью выявления согласованности субъективного восприятия учебного процесса и эмоционального отношения студентов к нему. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в целях улучшения качества образования и помощи студентам в развитии мотивационной сфер

Psychological and educational prevention of conflict behavior in preschool children

In this article describes features of child behavior in conflict situations in preschool age. The results can be used to create programs to improve the emotional background of the group and reducing overall aggressiveness.В данной статье рассмотрены особенности детского поведения в конфликтных ситуациях в дошкольном возрасте. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для создания программ по улучшению эмоционального фона в группе и снижения общей агрессивности

High performance liquid chromatography method for determination of carnosine and taurine and composition them with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles

The aim of the study was to develop a methodology that allows the determination of amino acids by HPLC in their joint presence in eye drops. In the result a method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the components of eye drops (carnosine and taurine) by HPLC with preliminary preparation of dinitrophenyl (DNP) derivative

Peculiarities of topographic anatomy and crypt compartment of distal colon in Wistar rats

We studied distal colon of Wistar rats including descending transverse colon and rectum. Feature of distal colon in the left flexure are short mesenterium growing in size towards rectum, common mesenterium with small intestine attached to it on the right side and ligament forming left flexure and attached to it on the left side. It was found that one of the variants of normal blood supply is the absence of a. mesenterica caudalis. In this case blood supply comes from arterial arch formed by a. rectalis media and a. colica media. Moreover, in the classic variant of blood supply we revealed a variation in the amount of straight branches that go to this segment of colon wall from left colic and superior rectal arteries (from 3 to 5 from each artery). The structural features of rectum is weak expression of rectal ampulla that causes the depletion of fecal masses immediately after passing into rectum. Crypt compartment of colon of Wistar rats consists by 80,6 % of obligatory flora represented with Bacteroides ssp., Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, E. coli (lac+), Grampositive rods. Facultative flora is represented with Proteus mirabilis, Peptococcus spp., Candida spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Citrobacter freundii and makes 19,4 %

Assessment of microbial contamination of tracheobronchial tree in patients with cicatrical stenosis of trachea

Cicatricial tracheal stenosis is an urgent matter in thoracic surgery and otolaryngology. The main causes of cicatricial stenosis of the trachea is orotracheal intubation, tracheostomy and neck injuries with damage to the trachea. One of the factors that complicate this disease course is addition of nosocomial infection. We conducted a retrospective study of medical records of 33 patients treated in the thoracic surgery department of Irkutsk Regional Clinical Hospital diagnosed with cicatricial stenosis of trachea for the period from 2011 to 2013. 75 % of patients with cicatricial stenosis of trachea were men of working age up to 50 years old. We evaluated the results of bacteriological examination of detachable tracheobronchial tree. The bacteriological examination of the patients with cicatricial stenosis of trachea often exhibited hospital microflora in the form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus. Associations of microorganisms represent this microflora in 84.4 %. During the antibiotic sensitivity examination, the low effectiveness of commonly used antimicrobials was revealed. The choices in treatment of the patients with cicatricial stenosis of trachea are: colistin, polimeksin, imipenem, meropenem, vancomycin, sulperazon. These results indicate that microbiological monitoring is necessary to detect major pathogens and their antibiotic resistance level at cicatricial stenosis of the trachea

Design and construction of the MicroBooNE Cosmic Ray Tagger system

The MicroBooNE detector utilizes a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) with an 85 t active mass to study neutrino interactions along the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab. With a deployment location near ground level, the detector records many cosmic muon tracks in each beam-related detector trigger that can be misidentified as signals of interest. To reduce these cosmogenic backgrounds, we have designed and constructed a TPC-external Cosmic Ray Tagger (CRT). This sub-system was developed by the Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Albert Einstein center for fundamental physics, University of Bern. The system utilizes plastic scintillation modules to provide precise time and position information for TPC-traversing particles. Successful matching of TPC tracks and CRT data will allow us to reduce cosmogenic background and better characterize the light collection system and LArTPC data using cosmic muons. In this paper we describe the design and installation of the MicroBooNE CRT system and provide an overview of a series of tests done to verify the proper operation of the system and its components during installation, commissioning, and physics data-taking

Результаты оценки микробиоты в условиях экспериментального язвенного поражения толстой кишки

 Background. The increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the world and the lack of consensus on the causes and development mechanisms of IBD are the key elements that determine the relevance of the study. According to some authors, in the pathogenesis of the development and occurrence of ulcerative colitis, one of the leading causes is a change in the composition of the colon microflora and the impact of the products of their metabolism on the enteric system and intestinal motility.The aim was to study the qualitative and quantitative changes in the colon microbiota in rats when modeling ulcerative lesions by the original method.Materials and methods. The experimental study was carried out using male Wistar rats (n = 24). Ulcerative colitis was modeled in an original way. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the parietal microflora of the distal colon was determined.Results. When modeling ulcerative lesions of the colon using the original method, changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the parietal microflora of the colon were revealed. On the 3rd day there was a decrease in Lactobacillus ssp. and Escherichia coli, as well as the growth of  fungal microflora and the appearance of representatives of opportunistic microflora. The changes were progressive in nature, and by the 7th day of the study revealed a marked reduction of the total parietal concentration of the normal flora bacteria and an increased percentage and absolute number of representatives of conditionally pathogenic microflora. By the 10th day of the experiment, with a small increase in the total number of parietal bacteria, the  predominant microorganisms were Bacteroides ssp. (26.8%) and Peptococcus ssp. (27.6%).  Введение. Язвенный колит – хроническое  рецидивирующее системное воспалительное заболевание с преимущественным поражением слизистой оболочки  толстой кишки. Каждый год регистрируется до 20 новых случаев заболевания на 100 тыс. населения, в основном среди лиц трудоспособного возраста. По мнению ряда авторов, в патогенезе развития и возникновения  заболевания одну из ведущих причин играет изменение в составе микрофлоры толстой кишки, а также продукты их метаболизма, воздействующие на энтериновую систему и моторику кишечника.Цель. Изучить показатели микробиоты толстой кишки у самцов крыс линии Вистар при моделировании язвенного поражения.Материалы и методы. Экспериментальное исследование выполнено с использованием самцов крыс линии Вистар (n = 24). Предложен оригинальный способ модели язвенного колита. Определен количественный и качественный состав пристеночной микрофлоры дистального отдела толстой кишки.Результаты. Выявлены изменения качественного и количественного состава пристеночной микрофлоры толстой кишки: на 3-и сут отмечали снижение концентрации Lactobacillus ssp. и Escherichia coli, а также рост грибковой микрофлоры, появление представителей условно-патогенной микрофлоры. Изменения носили прогрессирующий характер, и уже к 7-м сут выявляли  выраженное снижение общей пристеночной концентрации бактерий нормофлоры и повышение процентного и абсолютного числа представителей условно-патогенной микрофлоры. К 10-м сут эксперимента при малом увеличении общей численности пристеночных бактерий преобладающей микрофлорой являются Bacteroides ssp. (26,8%) и Peptococcus ssp. (27,6%).

Noise Characterization and Filtering in the MicroBooNE Liquid Argon TPC

The low-noise operation of readout electronics in a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) is critical to properly extract the distribution of ionization charge deposited on the wire planes of the TPC, especially for the induction planes. This paper describes the characteristics and mitigation of the observed noise in the MicroBooNE detector. The MicroBooNE's single-phase LArTPC comprises two induction planes and one collection sense wire plane with a total of 8256 wires. Current induced on each TPC wire is amplified and shaped by custom low-power, low-noise ASICs immersed in the liquid argon. The digitization of the signal waveform occurs outside the cryostat. Using data from the first year of MicroBooNE operations, several excess noise sources in the TPC were identified and mitigated. The residual equivalent noise charge (ENC) after noise filtering varies with wire length and is found to be below 400 electrons for the longest wires (4.7 m). The response is consistent with the cold electronics design expectations and is found to be stable with time and uniform over the functioning channels. This noise level is significantly lower than previous experiments utilizing warm front-end electronics.Comment: 36 pages, 20 figure