52,624 research outputs found
Another Approach to Consensus and Maximally Informed Opinions with Increasing Evidence
Merging of opinions results underwrite Bayesian rejoinders to complaints about the subjective nature of personal probability. Such results establish that sufficiently similar priors achieve consensus in the long run when fed the same increasing stream of evidence. Initial subjectivity, the line goes, is of mere transient significance, giving way to intersubjective agreement eventually. Here, we establish a merging result for sets of probability measures that are updated by Jeffrey conditioning. This generalizes a number of different merging results in the literature. We also show that such sets converge to a shared, maximally informed opinion. Convergence to a maximally informed opinion is a (weak) Jeffrey conditioning analogue of Bayesian “convergence to the truth” for conditional probabilities. Finally, we demonstrate the philosophical significance of our study by detailing applications to the topics of dynamic coherence, imprecise probabilities, and probabilistic opinion pooling
Obligation, Permission, and Bayesian Orgulity
This essay has two aims. The first is to correct an increasingly popular way of misunderstanding Belot's Orgulity Argument. The Orgulity Argument charges Bayesianism with defect as a normative epistemology. For concreteness, our argument focuses on Cisewski et al.'s recent rejoinder to Belot. The conditions that underwrite their version of the argument are too strong and Belot does not endorse them on our reading. A more compelling version of the Orgulity Argument than Cisewski et al. present is available, however---a point that we make by drawing an analogy with de Finetti's argument against mandating countable additivity. Having presented the best version of the Orgulity Argument, our second aim is to develop a reply to it. We extend Elga's idea of appealing to finitely additive probability to show that the challenge posed by the Orgulity Argument can be met
Persistent Disagreement and Polarization in a Bayesian Setting
For two ideally rational agents, does learning a finite amount of shared evidence necessitate agreement? No. But does it at least guard against belief polarization, the case in which their opinions get further apart? No. OK, but are rational agents guaranteed to avoid polarization if they have access to an infinite, increasing stream of shared evidence? No
Feed Supplements for Young Dairy Breed Calves After Turn-Out to Pasture: Effect on Weight Gain and Subclinical Coccidiosis in Organic Production Systems
On two organic farms, the effect of supplementation with either home-grown barley or organic commercial concentrates primarily based on local protein sources and barley, on weight gain and subclinical coccidiosis was investigated in 3-5 months old dairy breed calves in the period after turn-out to ryegrass/clover pastures. The calves (mean liveweight ± SD, 124 ± 24 kg and 133 ± 24 kg on Farm I and II respectively) were supplemented daily with 3 kg energy and protein-rich commercial concentrates (group EP), 3 kg barley (group E) or ½ kg barley (group Eres) for 8 weeks following turn-out on pasture.
Daily weight gains in the 8 weeks were for Farm I: 1216 and 1042 g/day for group EP and E (P < 0.01) and for Farm II: 1071, 671 and 770 g/day for group EP, E and Eres respectively (P < 0.001). However, liveweights were similar between groups at housing, although group EP had significantly higher liveweight at housing on Farm I (P < 0.01). Initial liveweight had effects on daily gain in the grazing season, but supplementation with energy and protein reduced this effect on Farm I. No clinical signs of coccidiosis were observed, but markedly higher levels of oocysts per gram faeces (opg) were observed on Farm II, using pastures previously grazed by cattle compared to Farm I. Calves having a maximum oocyst count above 5 000 opg were subclinically affected by coccidiosis, as indicated by low faecal dry matter and reduction in daily gain of 222 g/day (P < 0.05). It is concluded that liveweight can be increased when supplementing calves with organic concentrates rich in energy and protein in the period following turn-out compared to supplementation with barley alone. However, the overall gain at the end of the grazing season is limited due to compensatory growth in the grazing period following supplementation
Lattice QED and Universality of the Axial Anomaly
We give a perturbative proof that U(1) lattice gauge theories generate the
axial anomaly in the continuum limit under very general conditions on the
lattice Dirac operator. These conditions are locality, gauge covariance and the
absense of species doubling. They hold for Wilson fermions as well as for
realizations of the Dirac operator that satisfy the Ginsparg-Wilson relation.
The proof is based on the lattice power counting theorem. The results
generalize to non-abelian gauge theories.Comment: LATTICE99(theoretical developments) 3 page
Vortes solutions in nonabelian Higgs theories
A new class of vortex solutions is found in SU(2) gauge theories with two
adjoint representation Higgs bosons. Implications of these new solutions and
their possible connection with Center Gauge fixed pure gauge theories are
discussed.Comment: 8 pages, added references, other changes, including title and
abstrac
Operational Entanglement Families of Symmetric Mixed N-Qubit States
We introduce an operational entanglement classification of symmetric mixed
states for an arbitrary number of qubits based on stochastic local operations
assisted with classical communication (SLOCC operations). We define families of
SLOCC entanglement classes successively embedded into each other, we prove that
they are of non-zero measure, and we construct witness operators to distinguish
them. Moreover, we discuss how arbitrary symmetric mixed states can be realized
in the lab via a one-to-one correspondence between well-defined sets of
controllable parameters and the corresponding entanglement families.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, published version, Phys. Rev. A, in pres
Information Flow of quantum states interacting with closed timelike curves
Recently, the quantum information processing power of closed timelike curves
have been discussed. Because the most widely accepted model for quantum closed
timelike curve interactions contains ambiguities, different authors have been
able to reach radically different conclusions as to the power of such
interactions. By tracing the information flow through such systems we are able
to derive equivalent circuits with unique solutions, thus allowing an objective
decision between the alternatives to be made. We conclude that closed timelike
curves, if they exist and are well described by these simple models, would be a
powerful resource for quantum information processing.Comment: Now includes appendix proving Deutsch's maximum entropy conjectur
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