10,211 research outputs found
Space Transportation System (STS): Emergency support
The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for emergency support of the Space Transportation System (STS) are summarized. Coverage would be provided by the DSN during emergencies that would prevent communications between the shuttle and the White Sands TDRSS receiving station. The DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft flight profile; DSN support coverage; frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility
Electroweak Theory Without Higgs Bosons
A perturbative SU(2)_L X U(1)_Y electroweak theory containing W, Z, photon,
ghost, lepton and quark fields, but no Higgs or other fields, gives masses to
W, Z and the non-neutrino fermions by means of an unconventional choice for the
unperturbed Lagrangian and a novel method of renormalisation. The
renormalisation extends to all orders. The masses emerge on renormalisation to
one loop. To one loop the neutrinos are massless, the A -> Z transition drops
out of the theory, the d quark is unstable and S-matrix elements are
independent of the gauge parameter xi.Comment: 27 pages, LaTex, no figures; revised for publication; accepted by
Int. J. Mod. Phys. A; includes biographical note on A. F. Nicholso
Surface phase transitions in one-dimensional channels arranged in a triangular cross-sectional structure: Theory and Monte Carlo simulations
Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analysis have been carried
out to study the critical behavior in a submonolayer lattice-gas of interacting
monomers adsorbed on one-dimensional channels arranged in a triangular
cross-sectional structure. The model mimics a nanoporous environment, where
each nanotube or unit cell is represented by a one-dimensional array. Two kinds
of lateral interaction energies have been considered: , interaction
energy between nearest-neighbor particles adsorbed along a single channel and
, interaction energy between particles adsorbed across
nearest-neighbor channels. For and , successive planes are
uncorrelated, the system is equivalent to the triangular lattice and the
well-known
ordered phase is found at low temperatures and a coverage, , of 1/3
. In the more general case ( and ), a
competition between interactions along a single channel and a transverse
coupling between sites in neighboring channels allows to evolve to a
three-dimensional adsorbed layer. Consequently, the and structures "propagate" along the
channels and new ordered phases appear in the adlayer. The Monte Carlo
technique was combined with the recently reported Free Energy Minimization
Criterion Approach (FEMCA), to predict the critical temperatures of the
order-disorder transformation. The excellent qualitative agreement between
simulated data and FEMCA results allow us to interpret the physical meaning of
the mechanisms underlying the observed transitions.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figure
Constraints on small-scale cosmological perturbations from gamma-ray searches for dark matter
Events like inflation or phase transitions can produce large density
perturbations on very small scales in the early Universe. Probes of small
scales are therefore useful for e.g. discriminating between inflationary
models. Until recently, the only such constraint came from non-observation of
primordial black holes (PBHs), associated with the largest perturbations.
Moderate-amplitude perturbations can collapse shortly after matter-radiation
equality to form ultracompact minihalos (UCMHs) of dark matter, in far greater
abundance than PBHs. If dark matter self-annihilates, UCMHs become excellent
targets for indirect detection. Here we discuss the gamma-ray fluxes expected
from UCMHs, the prospects of observing them with gamma-ray telescopes, and
limits upon the primordial power spectrum derived from their non-observation by
the Fermi Large Area Space Telescope.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. To appear in J Phys Conf Series (Proceedings of
TAUP 2011, Munich
Systematic study of Optical Feshbach Resonances in an ideal gas
Using a narrow intercombination line in alkaline earth atoms to mitigate
large inelastic losses, we explore the Optical Feshbach Resonance (OFR) effect
in an ultracold gas of bosonic Sr. A systematic measurement of three
resonances allows precise determinations of the OFR strength and scaling law,
in agreement with coupled-channels theory. Resonant enhancement of the complex
scattering length leads to thermalization mediated by elastic and inelastic
collisions in an otherwise ideal gas. OFR could be used to control atomic
interactions with high spatial and temporal resolution.Comment: Significant changes to text and figure presentation to improve
clarity. Extended supplementary material. 4 pages, 4 figures; includes
supplementary material 8 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review
Letter
Platinum(II) phosphonate complexes derived from endo-8-camphanylphosphonic acid
The reactions of cis-[PtCl₂L₂] [L = PPh₃, PMe₂Ph or L₂ = Ph₂P(CH₂)₂PPh₂ (dppe)] with endo-8-camphanylphosphonic acid (CamPO₃H₂) and Ag₂O in refluxing dichloromethane gave platinum(II) phosphonate complexes [Pt(O₃PCam)L₂]. The X-ray crystal structure of [Pt(O₃PCam)(PPh₃)₂]•₂CHCl₃ shows that the bulky camphanyl group, rather than being directed away from the platinum, is instead directed into a pocket formed by the Pt and the two PPh₃ ligands. This allows the O₃P–CH₂ group to have a preferred staggered conformation. The complexes were studied in detail by NMR spectroscopy, which demonstrates non-fluxional behaviour for the sterically bulky PPh₃ and dppe derivatives, which contain inequivalent phosphine ligands in their ³¹P NMR spectra. These findings are backed up by theoretical calculations on the PPh₃ and PPhMe₂ derivatives, which show, respectively, high and low energy barriers to rotation of the camphanyl group in the PPh₃ and PPhMe₂ complexes. The X-ray crystal structure of CamPO₃H₂ is also reported, and consists of hydrogen-bonded hexameric aggregates, which assemble to form a columnar structure containing hydrophilic phosphonic acid channels surrounded by a sheath of bulky, hydrophobic camphanyl groups
Weakly collisional Landau damping and three-dimensional Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal modes: New results on old problems
Landau damping and Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal (BGK) modes are among the most
fundamental concepts in plasma physics. While the former describes the
surprising damping of linear plasma waves in a collisionless plasma, the latter
describes exact undamped nonlinear solutions of the Vlasov equation. There does
exist a relationship between the two: Landau damping can be described as the
phase-mixing of undamped eigenmodes, the so-called Case-Van Kampen modes, which
can be viewed as BGK modes in the linear limit. While these concepts have been
around for a long time, unexpected new results are still being discovered. For
Landau damping, we show that the textbook picture of phase-mixing is altered
profoundly in the presence of collision. In particular, the continuous spectrum
of Case-Van Kampen modes is eliminated and replaced by a discrete spectrum,
even in the limit of zero collision. Furthermore, we show that these discrete
eigenmodes form a complete set of solutions. Landau-damped solutions are then
recovered as true eigenmodes (which they are not in the collisionless theory).
For BGK modes, our interest is motivated by recent discoveries of electrostatic
solitary waves in magnetospheric plasmas. While one-dimensional BGK theory is
quite mature, there appear to be no exact three-dimensional solutions in the
literature (except for the limiting case when the magnetic field is
sufficiently strong so that one can apply the guiding-center approximation). We
show, in fact, that two- and three-dimensional solutions that depend only on
energy do not exist. However, if solutions depend on both energy and angular
momentum, we can construct exact three-dimensional solutions for the
unmagnetized case, and two-dimensional solutions for the case with a finite
magnetic field. The latter are shown to be exact, fully electromagnetic
solutions of the steady-state Vlasov-Poisson-Amp\`ere system
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