Особенности полового созревания молодняка яичных кур при выращивании под монохроматическим и белым освещением

The work was carried out in the Amur region at the Belogorsk poultry farm. In the period from 2015 to 2019, five experiments were carried out taking into account the seasonality. The aim of the study was to identify the influence of the spectral composition of light sources on the pubertation of replacement young egg chickens at the age of 15 weeks: the development of the pineal gland, pituitary gland and genital organs of the youngs. The study on replacement young egg crosses of Hisex White and Decalb White chickens was carried out. In the breeding workshop, four groups of day-old chickens were formed, 200 heads each. From one day of age to 15 weeks, young birds were kept under light of different colors in conditions of gradually decreasing daylight hours from 24 to 12 hours a day and an illumination level from 50-30 to 7-6 lux. White, yellow, green and blue compact fluorescent lamps were used as light sources. In young birds at the age of 30, 60 and 90 days, the live weight was determined by weighing 100 heads from each group. A 15-week-old bird was bled for β-estradiol content at a random selection of 30 birds from each group. For anatomical examination, 5 pullets from each group were sacrificed at the age of 15 weeks, taking into account the body weight required by the norm. The absolute mass of the pineal gland, pituitary gland, ovary, oviduct was determined in the bird, the length of the oviduct was measured. Regardless of the season of the year, the live weight of 90-day-old young in groups under white and yellow illumination had the upper values of the norm, with green and blue it could be at its lower border. Under white and yellow illumination, pullets at 15 weeks of age have higher serum β-estradiol levels. At anatomical examination in 15-week-old chickens under white and yellow lamps, the absolute mass of the pineal gland is less by 10.5 - 41.7% than under green and blue ones, and the mass of the pituitary gland, on the contrary, is more by 4.8 - 8.3%. Pullets with different color illumination did not have significant differences in the mass of the ovary and oviduct, as well as the length of the oviduct, the level of development of which corresponded to a given age. Under white and yellow lighting, the first signs of the onset of puberty at 15 weeks of age are slightly more pronounced than under green and blue light sources.Работа проведена в Амурской области на Белогорской птицефабрике. В период с 2015 по 2019 г. выполнено пять опытов с учетом сезонности. Цель исследования состояла в выявлении влияния спектрального состава источников освещения на половое созревание ремонтного молодняка яичных кур в возрасте 15 недель: развитие эпифиза, гипофиза и половых органов молодняка. Исследование выполнено на ремонтном молодняке яичных кроссов кур Хайсекс Уайт и Декалб Уайт. В цехе выращивания формировали по четыре группы суточных цыплят по 200 голов в каждой. С суточного возраста до 15 недель молодняк находился при разном по цвету освещении в условиях постепенно сокращающегося светового дня с 24 до 12 ч в сутки и уровня освещенности с 50–30 до 7–6 лк. В качестве источников освещения применяли белые, желтые, зеленые и голубые компактные люминесцентные лампы. У молодняка в возрасте 30, 60 и 90 дней определяли живую массу, взвешивая по 100 голов из каждой группы. У 15-недельной птицы брали кровь на содержание β-эстрадиола при произвольном отборе 30 голов из каждой группы. Для анатомического исследования забивали по 5 молодок из каждой группы в возрасте 15 недель с учетом живой массы, требуемой по норме. У птицы определяли абсолютную массу эпифиза, гипофиза, яичника, яйцевода, измеряли длину яйцевода. Независимо от сезона года живая масса 90-дневного молодняка в группах при белом и желтом освещении имела верхние значения нормы, при зеленом и голубом могла быть на ее нижней границе. При белом и желтом освещении у молодок в возрасте 15 недель содержание β-эстрадиола в сыворотке крови больше. При анатомическом исследовании у 15-недельных курочек под белыми и желтыми лампами абсолютная масса эпифиза меньше на 10,5–41,7%, чем под зелеными и голубыми, а масса гипофиза, наоборот, больше на 4,8–8,3%. Молодки при разном по цвету освещении не имели достоверных различий по массе яичника и яйцевода, а также длине яйцевода, уровень развития которых соответствовал данному возрасту. При белом и желтом освещении первые признаки начала полового созревания молодок в возрасте 15 недель несколько более выражены, чем под зелеными и голубыми источниками света

DYNAMIC CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK BIOMARKERS AND CYTOKINES OF MYOCARDITIS-FREE PATIENTS WITH DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE AND ISCHEMIC SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION

The development and progression of heart failure is associated with a variety of pathophysiological mechanisms, of particular interest is the study of the inflammatory response as a fundamental link in the pathogenesis of CHF and its main component – decompensation. An open, non-randomized, prospective study was carried out to evaluate the clinical and morphological features of subclinical inflammation in patients with acute decompensation of ischemic chronic heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. The study included 25 patients with decompensated ischemic CHF with left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% aged 35 to 75 years (60.12±9.3 y. o.). In this study the dynamics of the serum content of C-reactive protein (CRP), N-terminal fragment of the brain natriuretic peptide precursor protein (NT-proBNP), soluble ST2(sST2), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) was performed by multiplex immunoassay using the FLEXMAP 3D. All studied patients were divided into two groups depending on the diagnosed myocarditis: patients with no signs of myocarditis and patients with myocarditis. It was found that in the group of patients with diagnosed myocarditis there was an increased content of CRP, IGF-1R, IL-6 and IL-10, TNFα compared to the group of patients without myocarditis. The median concentrations of the NT-proBNP and sST2 in both groups did not differ. At the follow-up visit a year later, there was a decrease in the content of CRP, NT-proBNP, IL-6 in both groups. In the group of patients with myocarditis, an increase in the content of sST2, IGF-1R, IL-10 was observed. Thus, the study carried out in dynamics revealed significant differences in the degree of changes in the serum activity of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in patients with decompensated heart failure with systolic dysfunction with diagnosed myocarditis and in its absence

TOXICOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PREVENTIVE IODINE-CONTAINING PREPARATION “VANGTSEYOD”

The Amur Oblast belongs to biogeochemical province with low contents of iodine in the soil, water and air, which leads to the thyroid gland disorders in animals, weakened immunity system and, consequently, to the increased sensitivity to diseases. A new iodinecontaining preparation “Vangtseyod” has been developed basing on natural zeolites from Vanga deposits to prevent iodine deficit in young cattle. The distinctive feature of the Vanga deposit zeolite in comparison with other deposits of the Amur Oblast and the Far East is that it contains more effective clinoptilolite and heulandite minerals, characterized by the low contents of harmful compounds. Studies of the preparation safety performed on white mice showed that “Vangtseyod” does not have acute toxicity. It’s inclusion into mice diet at 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg dose during two months did not induce any signs of chronic intoxication as 100% mice of experimental group survived in comparison with the control group (57%). Feeding mice with the preparation at 1.0 g/kg dose facilitated improved protein and carbohydrate metabolism

Modern approaches to treatment of patients with decompensated chronic heart failure: the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of decomposition

It was established that in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), including CHF with reduced ejection fraction, as well as acute decompensated CHF, the level of serum inflammatory markers was increased. Moreover, experimental studies have shown repeatedly that activation of mechanisms of immune response in the myocardium provokes left ventricular remodeling and progression of left ventricular dysfunction. Nonetheless, clinical studies of anti-inflammatory drugs, including those aimed at blockage of cytokines have been neutral or negative with respect to the primary end points of the trials, and in some patients, resulted in worsening CHF or death. This review discusses variants of the types of inflammation in the myocardium, their immune mediators involved in the pathogenesis of CHF and its progression. Mechanisms of the pathogenesis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy leading to HF are discussed. A more precise conclusion about inflammatory phenotype in myocardial tissue, which will identify therapeutic targets in the treatment of CHF is necessary. Additionally, the review presents modern data about tactics for managing patients with acute decompensation of CHF with systolic dysfunction, which includes optimal medication, invasive and device therapy

Pseudo-coronary scenario of inflammatory viral cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy is one of the most severe and complicated cardiovascular diseases which leads to development of acute and chronic heart failure. The progress in molecular biochemistry and genetics allows to significant enhancement of its diagnostics. New data has confirmed that cardiomyopathies represent a comple

Pseudo-coronary scenario of inflammatory viral cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy is one of the most severe and complicated cardiovascular diseases which leads to development of acute and chronic heart failure. The progress in molecular biochemistry and genetics allows to significant enhancement of its diagnostics. New data has confirmed that cardiomyopathies represent a comple

Cohort profile: the ESC EURObservational Research Programme Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction (NSTEMI) Registry

Aims The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) Registry aims to identify international patterns in NSTEMI management in clinical practice and outcomes against the 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without ST-segment-elevation. Methods and results Consecutively hospitalised adult NSTEMI patients (n = 3620) were enrolled between 11 March 2019 and 6 March 2021, and individual patient data prospectively collected at 287 centres in 59 participating countries during a two-week enrolment period per centre. The registry collected data relating to baseline characteristics, major outcomes (inhospital death, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, bleeding, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and 30-day mortality) and guideline-recommended NSTEMI care interventions: electrocardiogram pre- or in-hospital, prehospitalization receipt of aspirin, echocardiography, coronary angiography, referral to cardiac rehabilitation, smoking cessation advice, dietary advice, and prescription on discharge of aspirin, P2Y12 inhibition, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, and statin. Conclusion The EORP NSTEMI Registry is an international, prospective registry of care and outcomes of patients treated for NSTEMI, which will provide unique insights into the contemporary management of hospitalised NSTEMI patients, compliance with ESC 2015 NSTEMI Guidelines, and identify potential barriers to optimal management of this common clinical presentation associated with significant morbidity and mortality