Karakteristik Perdarahan Antepartum Dan Perdarahan Postpartum

: The most important cause of hemorrhage in pregnancy and parturition are antepartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage. The purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristics of antepartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage at Prof DR. R.D Kandou General Hospital Manado in 2011. This research used a retrospective descriptive through medical records at BLU RSUP Prof dr R.D Kandou Manado in January 2011 to December 2011. From 4155 parturition case in 2011, there were 60 cases (1,44%) of antepartum hemorrhage and 36 case (0,86%) of postpartum hemorrhage. The highest sociodemographic distribution found : in mother's age between 35-39 years old, in highschool students, and housewives . The highest medico obstetric distribution found: 17 cases (28,3%) of first parity and 17 cases (28,3%) second parity of antepartum hemorrhage and 18 cases (50%) of first parity in postpartum hemorrhage, in gestational age between 37-42 week, 32 cases (53,3%) of antepartum hemorrhage and 30 cases (83,3%) of postpartum hemorrhage. The perabdominal parturition (caesarean section), there were 55 cases (91,7%) of antepartum hemorrhage and 22 case (61,1%) of pervaginam in postpartum hemorrhage. The causes of antepartum hemorrhage were placenta previa in 59 cases (98,3%) and retained placenta in 10 cases (27,8%). The most number of antenatal care check ups were ≥4x check ups on antepartum hemorrhage cases and <4x on postpartum hemorrhage cases. These high incidents needs to be noted by all parties. Pregnant women who are in risk for antepartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage need to be routinety and checked up and carefulle for their pregnancy

The Advanced X-ray Timing Array (AXTAR)

AXTAR is an X-ray observatory mission concept, currently under study in the U.S., that combines very large collecting area, broadband spectral coverage, high time resolution, highly flexible scheduling, and an ability to respond promptly to time-critical targets of opportunity. It is optimized for submillisecond timing of bright Galactic X-ray sources in order to study phenomena at the natural time scales of neutron star surfaces and black hole event horizons, thus probing the physics of ultradense matter, strongly curved spacetimes, and intense magnetic fields. AXTAR's main instrument is a collimated, thick Si pixel detector with 2-50 keV coverage and 8 square meters collecting area. For timing observations of accreting neutron stars and black holes, AXTAR provides at least an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity over both RXTE and Constellation-X. AXTAR also carries a sensitive sky monitor that acts as a trigger for pointed observations of X-ray transients and also provides continuous monitoring of the X-ray sky with 20 times the sensitivity of the RXTE ASM. AXTAR builds on detector and electronics technology previously developed for other applications and thus combines high technical readiness and well understood cost.Comment: 4 pages with 1 figure, to appear in the proceedings of "A Decade of Accreting Millisecond X-ray Pulsars", Amsterdam, April 2008, eds. R. Wijnands et al. (AIP Conf. Proc.). Footnote and references adde

Recurrent very-long type-I X-ray bursts in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1636-53

Two flares with a duration of several hours are reported for the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1636-53. The characteristics of these flares (i.e., decay time scales, spectral softening, fluences) are very similar to the very long type-I X-ray bursts recently found in several other low-mass X-ray binaries, suggesting that the flares in 4U 1636-53 are also very long type-I X-ray bursts. This would make this source the fifth to exhibit this phenomenon and the first one for which multiple bursts have been found. Interestingly, all five sources accrete at approximately 10% of the Eddington mass accretion rate. Although a chance coincidence or a selection effect cannot be ruled-out at present, this correlation is suggestive and might indicate that only at a narrow range of mass accretion rate such very long type-I X-ray bursts can occur.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

X-ray variability during the quiescent state of the neutron-star X-ray transient in the globular cluster NGC 6440

The globular cluster NGC 6440 is known to harbor a bright neutron-star X-ray transient. We observed the globular cluster with Chandra on two occasions when the bright transient was in its quiescent state in July 2000 and June 2003 (both observations were made nearly 2 years after the end of their preceding outbursts). The quiescent spectrum during the first observation is well represented by a two component model (a neutron-star atmosphere model plus a power-law component which dominates at energies above 2 keV). During the second observation (which was roughly of equal duration to the first observation) we found that the power-law component could no longer be detected. Our spectral fits indicate that the effective temperature of the neutron-star surface was consistent between the two observations. We conclude that the effect of the change in power-law component caused the 0.5-10 keV flux to be a factor of ~2 lower during the second observation compared to the first observation. We discuss plausible explanations for the variations, including variable residual accretion onto the neutron star magnetosphere or some variation in the interaction of the pulsar wind with the matter still outflowing from the companion star.Comment: 18 pages, 3 color figs, 1 b&w figures, 3 tables; discussion expanded; accepted for publication in Ap

RXTE observations of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary GX 17+2: correlated X-ray spectral and timing behavior

We have analyzed ~600 ks of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary and Z source GX 17+2. A study was performed of the properties of the noise components and quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) as a function of the spectral properties, with the main goal to study the relation between the frequencies of the horizontal branch and upper kHz QPOs. It was found that when the upper kHz QPO frequency is below 1030 Hz these frequencies correlate, whereas above 1030 Hz they anti-correlate. GX 17+2 is the first source in which this is observed. We also found that the frequency difference of the high frequency QPOs was not constant and that the quality factors (Q values) of the HBO, its second harmonic, and the kHz QPOs are similar, and vary almost hand in hand by a factor of more than three. Observations of the normal branch oscillations during two type I X-ray bursts showed that their absolute amplitude decreased as the flux from the neutron star became stronger. We discuss these and other findings in terms of models that have been proposed for these phenomena. We also compare the behavior of GX 17+2 and other Z sources with that of black hole sources and consider the possibility that the mass accretion rate might not be driving force behind all spectral and variability changes.Comment: 35 pages, including 14 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Revised discussion, one new figure, and some minor figure changes with respect to old versio

Interrelationships of child appetite, weight and snacking among Hispanic preschoolers

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141582/1/ijpo12186.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141582/2/ijpo12186_am.pd

Beam profile investigation of the new collimator system for the J-PET detector

Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) is a multi-purpose detector which will be used for search for discrete symmetries violations in the decays of positronium atoms and for investigations with positronium atoms in life-sciences and medical diagnostics. In this article we present three methods for determination of the beam profile of collimated annihilation gamma quanta. Precise monitoring of this profile is essential for time and energy calibration of the J-PET detector and for the determination of the library of model signals used in the hit-time and hit-position reconstruction. We have we have shown that usage of two lead bricks with dimensions of 5x10x20 cm^3 enables to form a beam of annihilation quanta with Gaussian profile characterized by 1 mm FWHM. Determination of this characteristic is essential for designing and construction the collimator system for the 24-module J-PET prototype. Simulations of the beam profile for different collimator dimensions were performed. This allowed us to choose optimal collimation system in terms of the beam profile parameters, dimensions and weight of the collimator taking into account the design of the 24 module J-PET detector.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure

Searches for discrete symmetries violation in ortho-positronium decay using the J-PET detector

In this paper we present prospects for using the J-PET detector to search for discrete symmetries violations in a purely leptonic system of the positronium atom. We discuss tests of CP and CPT symmetries by means of ortho-positronium decays into three photons. No zero expectation values for chosen correlations between ortho-positronium spin and momentum vectors of photons would imply the existence of physics phenomena beyond the Standard Model. Previous measurements resulted in violation amplitude parameters for CP and CPT symmetries consistent with zero, with an uncertainty of about 10-3. The J-PET detector allows to determine those values with better precision thanks to a unique time and angular esolution combined with a high geometrical acceptance. Achieving the aforementioned is possible due to application of polymer scintillators instead of crystals as detectors of annihilation quanta.Comment: in Nukleonika 201