Avaliação dos acúmulos de proteínas solúveis totais em duas progênies de cupuaçuzeiro em função da idade.

O cupuaçuzeiro [(Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex. Spreng.) Schum)] é uma planta arbórea que pertence a família das Malvacea, importante na economia da Amazônia pela diversificação de subprodutos, tais como doces, geleias, manteigas e chocolates. No entanto, o aumento da produção não consegue atingir as demandas de mercado devido aos problemas nutricionais, pois há pouco conhecimento sobre as reais necessidades da cultura em termos de macronutrientes. Por isso, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o acúmulo total de macronutrientes em duas progênies de cupuaçuzeiro em função da idade

Pyrene-p-tert-butylcalixarenes inclusion complexes formation: a surface photochemistry study

Diffuse reflectance and luminescence techniques were used to study the photophysics and photochemistry of pyrene within p-tert-butylcalix[n]arenes with n = 4, 6, and 8, and to study their ability to form inclusion complexes in heterogeneous media. Evidences for inclusion complex formation were found for the three hosts under study. Ground state diffuse reflectance results have shown the formation of ground state dimers of pyrene inside the cavity of calix[ 6] arene and calix[ 8] arene, with this feature much more evident for calix[ 6] arene. For calix[ 4] arene, only a monomer fits inside the cavity and the presence of pyrene microcrystals outside the cavity was detected. A luminescence lifetime distribution analysis was performed, revealing the presence of prompt emissions from the pyrene microcrystals outside the cavity in the case of calix[ 4] arene and from the constrained dimers inside the cavities of calix[ 6] arene and calix[ 8] arene. Transient absorption results have shown the presence of pyrene radical cation and also of trapped electrons for the three hosts under study. The formation of the phenoxyl radical of the calixarene following the laser pulsed excitation of pyrene at 355 nm is increased for calix[ 6] arene and calix[ 8] arene. This feature is particularly relevant for calix[ 6] arene, suggesting a very favourable situation for the hydrogen atom abstraction to occur. The analysis of the degradation products revealed the presence of hydroxypyrene as a major photodegradation product for the three hosts. Dihydro-hydroxypyrene was also formed in the case of calix[ 6] arene and calix[ 8] arene. The formation of the calixarene's phenoxyl radical and subsequent hydrogen abstraction is consistent with the formation of dihydro-dihydroxypyrene

Index selection for multiple traits in upland rice progenies.

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Index selection for multiple traits in upland rice progenies.

The success of any breeding program depends on the ability of the breeder to select genetically superior progenies for multiple traits simultaneously, and an alternative is the use of selection indexes. In this study, the selection indexes of Smith-Hazel, Base Index, Sum of Ranks, and Index Z were used to select superior upland rice progenies for four important agronomic traits. Five commercial cultivars and 191 progenies F2:4 of upland rice were evaluated for days for flowering, plant height, blast resistance, and grain yield in four environments. The genetic correlation between pairs of traits, the response of selection in each trait and the correlated response considering the selection for number of days to flowering and the response in grain yield were obtained, using an intensity of selectionof 20%. The predicted response to selection of each trait was expressive, but the indirect selection response was not effective. The most efficient selection was obtained by Z Index, which showed the highest response considering all traits simultaneously and was also easy to implement and to interpret graphically interpretation. Therefore, the Z Index can greatly increase the efficiency of selection for multiple traits in upland rice breeding programs

Low weight, socioeconomics and behavioral issues: examining a population in the Northeast of Brazil.

peer reviewed[en] BACKGROUND: Preterm and low weight children at birth are exposed to higher risks and rates of motor, cognitive, behavioral and emotional problems. Being born under low socioeconomic conditions adds even more complexity to these children. This report describes the emotional and behavioral issues of a group of children who were born in low income families and had low weigh at birth in the Northeast region of Brazil. METHOD: A total of 100 children (47 with adequate and 53 with low weigh) were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist for behavioral and emotional problems, as well as with the Autism Behavior Checklist for autism symptoms. RESULTS: Results show no difference between the two groups (low and adequate weight) in terms of behavior problems or autism characteristics, however, it shows elevated clinical prevalence's of behavioral and emotional problems and more vulnerability for autism symptoms when compared to the general population. Data also showed the more years children spent in pre-school, the less internalizing problems they manifested. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the impact of low socioeconomics environment is more prominent in the development of behavioral and emotional problems than low weight at birth, in addition it points to the benefits of pre-school years for the emotional and behavioral adjustment of children from low income and with low weight at birth

Progresso genético e eficiência da seleção de linhagens de terras altas via modelos mistos.

Objetivou-se verificar o ganho genético e o dinamismo dos ensaios preliminares do programa de melhoramento de arroz de terras altas da UFLA, em parceria com a Embrapa Arroz e Feijão e a EPAMIG

Coeficientes técnicos de produção e biometria.

Este capítulo apresenta uma série de coeficientes técnicos de produção da castanha-da-amazônia, com base em estudos realizados em vários locais da Amazônia brasileira. Os resultados aqui apresentados são frutos de amostragens realizadas em diferentes regiões, mas não representam o todo da Amazônia. O objetivo do capítulo é mostrar a variabilidade existente entre e dentro de algumas regiões, tanto no tamanho dos frutos e das amêndoas da espécie, quanto no modo de produção e comercialização. Não se trata de valores absolutos e imutáveis, mas a intenção é demonstrar a elevada variabilidade que existe, trazendo valores de referências para uma possível padronização das medidas sobre a produção da castanha-da-amazônia.V. 1: Aspectos sociais, econômicos e organizacionais. ODS 2, ODS 3, ODS 8, ODS 11, ODS 12, ODS 13, ODS 17