1,472 research outputs found
Functional expression of a Drosophila gene in yeast: genetic complementation of DNA topoisomerase II.
Spectroscopy and 3D imaging of the Crab nebula
Spectroscopy of the Crab nebula along different slit directions reveals the 3
dimensional structure of the optical nebula. On the basis of the linear radial
expansion result first discovered by Trimble (1968), we make a 3D model of the
optical emission. Results from a limited number of slit directions suggest that
optical lines originate from a complicated array of wisps that are located in a
rather thin shell, pierced by a jet. The jet is certainly not prominent in
optical emission lines, but the direction of the piercing is consistent with
the direction of the X-ray and radio jet. The shell's effective radius is ~ 79
seconds of arc, its thickness about a third of the radius and it is moving out
with an average velocity 1160 km/s.Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures, submitted to ApJ, 3D movie of the Crab nebula
available at http://www.fiz.uni-lj.si/~vidrih
Spin-Orbit Coupling in Iridium-Based 5d Compounds Probed by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
We have performed x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements on a
series of Ir-based 5d transition metal compounds, including Ir, IrCl3, IrO2,
Na2IrO3, Sr2IrO4, and Y2Ir2O7. By comparing the intensity of the "white-line"
features observed at the Ir L2 and L3 absorption edges, it is possible to
extract valuable information about the strength of the spin-orbit coupling in
these systems. We observe remarkably large, non-statistical branching ratios in
all Ir compounds studied, with little or no dependence on chemical composition,
crystal structure, or electronic state. This result confirms the presence of
strong spin-orbit coupling effects in novel iridates such as Sr2IrO4, Na2IrO3,
and Y2Ir2O7, and suggests that even simple Ir-based compounds such as IrO2 and
IrCl3 may warrant further study. In contrast, XAS measurements on Re-based 5d
compounds, such as Re, ReO2, ReO3, and Ba2FeReO6, reveal statistical branching
ratios and negligible spin-orbit coupling effects.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
5f--5f transitions of U4+ ions in high-field, octahedral fluoride coordination: the Cs2GeF6:U4+ crystal
Ab initio studies of phonon softening and high pressure phase transitions of alpha-quartz SiO2
Density functional perturbation theory calculations of alpha-quartz using
extended norm conserving pseudopotentials have been used to study the elastic
properties and phonon dispersion relations along various high symmetry
directions as a function of bulk, uniaxial and non-hydrostatic pressure. The
computed equation of state, elastic constants and phonon frequencies are found
to be in good agreement with available experimental data. A zone boundary (1/3,
1/3, 0) K-point phonon mode becomes soft for pressures above P=32 GPa. Around
the same pressure, studies of the Born stability criteria reveal that the
structure is mechanically unstable. The phonon and elastic softening are
related to the high pressure phase transitions and amorphization of quartz and
these studies suggest that the mean transition pressure is lowered under
non-hydrostatic conditions. Application of uniaxial pressure, results in a
post-quartz crystalline monoclinic C2 structural transition in the vicinity of
the K-point instability. This structure, intermediate between quartz and
stishovite has two-thirds of the silicon atoms in octahedral coordination while
the remaining silicon atoms remain tetrahedrally coordinated. This novel
monoclinic C2 polymorph of silica, which is found to be metastable under
ambient conditions, is possibly one of the several competing dense forms of
silica containing octahedrally coordinated silicon. The possible role of high
pressure ferroelastic phases in causing pressure induced amorphization in
silica are discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figs., 8 Table
Phase Decomposition and Chemical Inhomogeneity in Nd2-xCexCuO4
Extensive X-ray and neutron scattering experiments and additional
transmission electron microscopy results reveal the partial decomposition of
Nd2-xCexCuO4 (NCCO) in a low-oxygen-fugacity environment such as that typically
realized during the annealing process required to create a superconducting
state. Unlike a typical situation in which a disordered secondary phase results
in diffuse powder scattering, a serendipitous match between the in-plane
lattice constant of NCCO and the lattice constant of one of the decomposition
products, (Nd,Ce)2O3, causes the secondary phase to form an oriented,
quasi-two-dimensional epitaxial structure. Consequently, diffraction peaks from
the secondary phase appear at rational positions (H,K,0) in the reciprocal
space of NCCO. Additionally, because of neodymium paramagnetism, the
application of a magnetic field increases the low-temperature intensity
observed at these positions via neutron scattering. Such effects may mimic the
formation of a structural superlattice or the strengthening of
antiferromagnetic order of NCCO, but the intrinsic mechanism may be identified
through careful and systematic experimentation. For typical reduction
conditions, the (Nd,Ce)2O3 volume fraction is ~1%, and the secondary-phase
layers exhibit long-range order parallel to the NCCO CuO2 sheets and are 50-100
angstromsthick. The presence of the secondary phase should also be taken into
account in the analysis of other experiments on NCCO, such as transport
measurements.Comment: 15 pages, 17 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Yb2+-doped SrCl2: electronic structure of impurity states and impurity-trapped excitons
Low Temperature Measurements by Infrared Spectroscopy in CoFeO Ceramic
In this paper results of new far-infrared and middle-infrared measurements
(wavenumber range of 4000cm-1 - 100cm-1) in the range of the temperature from
300K to 8K of the CoFe2O4 ceramic are presented. The bands positions and their
shapes are the same in the wide temperature range. The quality of the sample
was investigated by X-ray, EDS and EPMA studies. The CoFe2O4 reveals the cubic
structure (Fd-3m) in the temperature range from 85K to 360 K without any traces
of distortion. On the current level of knowledge the polycrystalline CoFe2O4
does not exhibit phase transition in the temperature range from 8 K to 300 K.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
Theoretical study of the effects of F to Cl chemical substitution on the electronic structure and the luminescence properties of Cs2GeF6:Os4+ and Cs2ZrCl6:Os4+ materials
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