Orbital magnetoelectric coupling at finite electric field

We extend the band theory of linear orbital magnetoelectric coupling to treat crystals under finite electric fields. Previous work established that the orbital magnetoelectric response of a generic insulator at zero field comprises three contributions that were denoted as local circulation, itinerant circulation, and Chern-Simons. We find that the expression for each of them is modified by the presence of a dc electric field. Remarkably, the sum of the three correction terms vanishes, so that the total coupling is still given by the same formula as at zero field. This conclusion is confirmed by numerical tests on a tight-binding model, for which we calculate the field-induced change in the linear magnetoelectric coefficient.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Work of England\u27s Court of Criminal Appeal

This article, written by the Chairman of the New Jersey Judicial Council, was first published in the sixth annual report of that body and later reprinted in the October, 1936, Issue of the Journal of the American Judicature Society. So much has been written in non-legal publications in this country concerning the efficiency of the English administration of criminal law and procedure that It will undoubtedly be of interest to the bar to be informed more exactly on the subject by the more detailed and exact research and comment of a member of the legal profession. With that idea in mind, the editors have procured the consent of the Journal of the American Judicature Society to publication of this article. In this publication, the appendix to the original article has been substantially curtailed. The portion of the appendix Included should suffice to show the celerity with which the English court operates and the results attained in a typical group of appeal

Impasses in Justice

It is not oversimplifying our problem too much to say that at the bottom of all our difficulties in court reform lie: (1) the equalitarian and antiprofessional movement of the Jacksonian Era in the second quarter of the nineteenth century, and (2) (this I fear will shock many) the failure of our law schools generally to recognize as their most important responsibility to society the improvement of the administration of justice

Orbital magnetization in periodic insulators

Working in the Wannier representation, we derive an expression for the orbital magnetization of a periodic insulator. The magnetization is shown to be comprised of two contributions, an obvious one associated with the internal circulation of bulk-like Wannier functions in the interior, and an unexpected one arising from net currents carried by Wannier functions near the surface. Each contribution can be expressed as a bulk property in terms of Bloch functions in a gauge-invariant way. Our expression is verified by comparing numerical tight-binding calculations for finite and periodic samples.Comment: submitted to PRL; signs corrected in Eqs. (11), (12), (19), and (20