OZM Ball Drop Impact Tester (BIT‐132) vs. BAM Standard Method – a Comparative Investigation

Safety, performance, cost efficient synthesis and toxicity are the most important aspects of modern explosives. Sensitivity measurements are performed in accordance with different protocols all around the world. Sometimes the BAM drop hammer does not accurately reflect the sensitivity of an energetic material, in particular the sensitivity of primary explosives. Therefore, we present here preliminary results obtained using the novel ball drop tester (BIT‐132), manufactured by OZM research, following MIL‐STD‐1751 A (method 1016). The ball drop impact sensitivity tester is a device in which a free‐falling steel ball is dropped onto an unconfined sample, and is expected to produce more realistic results than the currently commonly used BAM method. The results obtained using the probit analysis were compared to those from the BAM drop hammer and friction tester. The following sensitive explosives were investigated: HMTD, TATP, TAT, Tetrazene, MTX‐1, KDNBF, KDNP, K2DNABT, Lead Styphnate Monohydrate, DBX‐1, Nickel(II) Hydrazine Nitrate, Silver Acetylide, AgN3, Pb(N3)2 RD‐1333, AgCNO, and Hg(CNO)2

Higher-dimensional multifractal value sets for conformal infinite graph directed Markov systems

We give a description of the level sets in the higher dimensional multifractal formalism for infinite conformal graph directed Markov systems. If these systems possess a certain degree of regularity this description is complete in the sense that we identify all values with non-empty level sets and determine their Hausdorff dimension. This result is also partially new for the finite alphabet case.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur

Symptoms of destruction to the original spatial composition of historic parks within three residential park complexes located at Siedlec, Pamiątkowo and Śliwno in greater Poland

This article presents results of studies conducted in three historic parks of Greater Poland. The aim of the research was to analyze changes in the original composition of those objects and to identify the causes of its destruction. The selected parks are of baroque origin but due to changes in garden art trends they were transformed into establishments of landscape character. The analyzed residential – park complexes are characterized by a varying degree of destruction to their original spatial arrangement. The conductedanalyses made it possible to identify what factors were destructive to the composition of the chosen objects and to determine further threats

Identification and inhibition of carbonic anhydrases from nematodes.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are metalloenzymes, and classified into the evolutionarily distinct α, β, γ, δ, ζ, and η classes. α-CAs are present in many living organisms. β- and γ-CAs are expressed in most prokaryotes and eukaryotes, except for vertebrates. δ- and ζ-CAs are present in phytoplanktons, and η-CAs have been found in Plasmodium spp. Since the identification of α- and β-CAs in Caenorhabditis elegans, the nematode CAs have been considered as an emerging target in research focused on antiparasitic CA inhibitors. Despite the presence of α-CAs in both helminths and vertebrates, structural studies have revealed different kinetic and inhibition results. Moreover, lack of β-CAs in vertebrates makes this enzyme as an attractive target for inhibitory studies against helminthic infection. Some CA inhibitors, such as sulfonamides, have been evaluated against nematode CAs. This review article aims to present comprehensive information about the nematode CAs and their inhibitors as potential anthelminthic drugs

The development of buildings as a threat to the integrity of the edwardowo estate in the city of Poznan

The Edwardowo estate in the city of Poznan suffers from intense anthropopressure. Once calm and situated on the city’s outskirts, the estate is surrounded with establishments which interfere with its integrity nowadays. The aims of the paper were: to identify the threats rising from progressing urbanization, to determine a scale of historic value destruction and to make revalorization recommendations. The achievement of those aims was possible after analytical methods were used. The applied methods allowed for the creation of scientific analysis and 3D models. Despite the fact that the historic value of the Edwardowo estate is under threat, it is suitable for restitution

The morasko estate – an example of historic value degradation caused by ownership changes and plot dismemberment

The historic estate in Morasko has been the subject of transformation for years. Both owners as well as functions have been changing. New plots, existing after estate plot dismemberment, were covered with new buildings, which dominated both the manor and palace and changed the historic spatial design as well. The aims of the study were: to identify the threats rising from plot dismemberment and ownership changes, to determine the scale of historic value destruction and to determine the revalorization possibility. The achievement of those goals was possible after research and analytical methods were used. The applied methods allowed for the creation of scientific analysis and 3D models. Despite the fact that Morasko estate historic value is remarkably destroyed it is still suitable for partial restitution

Activation studies with amino acids and amines of a β-carbonic anhydrase from Mammaliicoccus (Staphylococcus) sciuri previously annotated as Staphylococcus aureus (SauBCA) carbonic anhydrase

A β-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) previously annotated to be present in the genome of Staphylococcus aureus, SauBCA, has been shown to belong to another pathogenic bacterium, Mammaliicoccus (Staphylococcus) sciuri. This enzyme, MscCA, has been investigated for its activation with a series of natural and synthetic amino acid and amines, comparing the results with those obtained for the ortholog enzyme from Escherichia coli, EcoCAβ. The best MscCA activators were D-His, L- and D-DOPA, 4-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine and L-Asn, which showed KAs of 0.12 − 0.89 µM. The least efficient activators were D-Tyr and L-Gln (KAs of 13.9 − 28.6 µM). The enzyme was also also inhibited by anions and sulphonamides, as described earlier. Endogenous CA activators may play a role in bacterial virulence and colonisation of the host which makes this research topic of great interest.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Inhibition of the newly discovered β‑carbonic anhydrase from the protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis with inorganic anions and small molecules

The protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis encodes two carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) belonging to the β-class. One of these enzymes, T. vaginalis carbonic anhydrase 1 (TvaCA1), was recently cloned and characterized by our group, and its X-ray crystal structure reported. No inhibitors of this enzyme were reported up until now. Here we investigated the inhibition of TvaCA1 with inorganic anions and small molecules and observed that thiocyanate, cyanide, selenite, selenocyanate and divanadate are sub-millimolar inhibitors, whereas sulfamide, sulfate, phenylboronic acid and phenylarsonic acid are micromolar inhibitors. Finding effective TvaCA1 inhibitors may be useful for developing new antiprotozoan drugs.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe