Efek Anti Hiperkolesterolemik Karagenan Rumput Laut Dalam Diet Terhadap Plasma Lipid Tikus Putih

Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang cukup serius, di USA, Eropa, dan Indonesia masing-masing 52, 49, dan 23,39% kematian disebabkan oleh PJK yang terjadi karena adanya penyempitan pembuluh darah kapiler akibat penimbunan lipid. PJK dapat dicegah dengan mengonsumsi makanan berserat seperti rumput laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terbaik dari komposisi tepung karagenan rumput laut spesies Eucheuma cottonii yang ditambahkan ke dalam diet terhadap profil kolesterol total, LDL (low density lipoprotein), HDL (high density lipoprotein), dan trigliserida dalam serum darah tikus putih Sprague dawley yang berkaitan dengan hiperkolesterolemik. 16 ekor tikus jantan dibagi ke dalam empat kelompok dan masing-masing diadaptasi dengan diet standar selama satu minggu. Selanjutnya tikus diberi diet standar kuning telur bebek (5mL/ekor/hari) selama tiga minggu hingga tikus mencapai kondisi hiperkolesterolemik (total kolesterol plasma >300 mg/dL). Selanjutnya kelompok tikus diberi diet perlakuan selama tiga minggu dengan diet tanpa karagenan (Ko), 5% karagenan (K1), 10% karagenan (K2), 15% karagenan (K3). Setiap selesai masa adaptasi, praperlakuan, dan perlakuan dilakukan analisis profil lipid. Hasil analisis profil lipid plasma darah tikus menunjukkan bahwa karagenan dalam diet dapat memperbaiki profil lipid plasma darah tikus. Pengaruh terbaik diberikan oleh diet yang mengandung 10% karagenan (K2). Kolesterol total, LDL, dan trigliserida mengalami penurunan masing-masing sebesar 47,76, 62,63, dan 42,01% sedangkan kolesterol HDL meningkat sebesar 94,94%

Menanamkan Nilai-nilai Entrepreneurship melalui Pendidikan Ekonomi pada Era Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN

: Instilling Entrepreneurship Values through Economic Education in the Era of the ASEAN Economic Community. Entrepreneurship has a dominant role to push economic activities at any level -- locally, regionally as well as globally. The dynamic entrepreneurs affect the economic growth and prosperity. Entrepreneurs who have a spirit of leadership and entrepreneurial spirit will lead the economic revolution to raise living standards. Under AEC the values of entrepreneurship, such as creative, innovative, tough, responsible, and optimistic, should always be instilled to the younger generation, especially through Economic Education. The Role of Economic Education is needed to prepare the young people to actively participate to positive economy activities

Pola Perubahan Spasial Daerah Pinggiran Kota (Urban Fringe)

Urban development pressure have not resulted in the spatial transformation of urban center but also urban fringe area. The spatial transformation of urban fringe area can be seen in the growth of urban area which is represented by the escalation of the conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land that is dominated by housing area.This research is focused in analyzing spatial transformation pattern that is occured in urban fringe area. The analysis was conducted by graphical and visual analyses of macro level and making comparisons of villages in relation to the local social-structure

Kebijakan Perencanaan Tata Ruang Dan Pemberdayaan Potensi Daerah Di Indonesia

The massive spatial expansion of the city into the fringe area has caused many problems mainly related to the spatial exploitation in both city and villages surrounding. The problem is also caused by the city development which its pace can not compete with the population growth. The aim of this study is to formulate the policy planning of spatial arrangement for the region potential empowerment. The spatial planning itself is directed to control and support in formulating spatial policy that should be efficient, effective and proportional. The descriptive method with field observation approach and literature survey is used to obtain the data The result of the study pointed that the empoyerment of the region pou\u27er have to be supported by the spatial planning policy formulation which means that (1) spatial arrangement must put human and space in bolistical point of view and bonding the social values together(2) the urban-rural lingkages concept must put in a priorityforformulating the internal spatial structure of regional planning and to empower villages as growth poles(3) the spatial planning process has to be able to gain the best possibility of spatial arrangement where the pattern and distribution of space can ensure the existence of the city and village(4) spatial planning have to accommodate spatial structure(5) the application of spatial planning have to be based on self-contained power of the region y hich put the bottom-up concept in a priority(6) the spatial planning product have to be directed to the solid effort for future spatial usage

UNSUR-UNSUR POLA BENTUK LANTAI BANGSAL WITANA DALAM KONTEKS VASTUSASTRA

ABSTRAK. Keraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat adalah salah satu sarana perwujudan nilai (value) berdasarkan pengetahuan lokal yang dapat menjadi indikator perkembangan peradaban. Fakta bahwa Keraton Yogyakarta sebagai centrum kebudayaan Jawa yang masih terjaga dan eksis, dibuktikan melalui dua aspek yakni intangible serta tangible. Realitanya distribusi nilai lokal Jawa seperti filosofi kejawaan hingga pandangan hidup semakin terancam di kalangan generasi muda. Revitalisasi fisik Keraton Yogyakarta tentunya didasari kesadaran terhadap krisis pemahaman makna filosofis yang beredar di lingkungan publik. Vitalnya pemahaman mengenai makna simbolik di Keraton Yogyakarta dapat dipelajari melalui bangunan sebab memuat makna simbolik lengkap, khususnya di Bangsal Witana. Bangsal Witana memiliki kelengkapan ornamen sarat makna simbolik dengan berfokus pada lantai sebagai salah satu elemen penting pembangun Arsitektur. Seperti apa bentuk lantai di Bangsal Witana? Bagaimana proses relasi antar bentuk geometri dengan makna? Apa makna simbolik pola lantai Bangsal Witana? mengingat Bangsal Witana merupakan simbol Arsitektural guna mengajak seluruh rakyat untuk mengingat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Hal ini sejalan dengan urgensi penelitian untuk merumuskan bentuk lantai di Bangsal Witana, merumuskan proses relasi antar bentuk geometri dengan makna, serta merumuskan makna simbolik pola lantai di Bangsal Witana, Keraton Yogyakarta. Metode semiotika dengan model analisis milik Peirce dan Chandler, dimana mengkaji bentuk Arsitektur Bangsal Witana dalam sistem triadik yaitu ikon, indeks, dan simbol. Aplikasi metode tersebut dalam kajian unsur pola bentuk lantai Bangsal Witana guna mengungkap faktor laten sehingga menghasilkan kebenaran sesuai dengan pengetahuan lokal. Hasilnya berupa sistem yang terdiri dari tiga komponen tanda, terbangun dari objek pola lantai yang memiliki relasi dengan Vastusastra sebagai konteks. Kata kunci: Pola Lantai, Vastusastra, Bangsal Witana, Keraton Yogyakarta ABSTRACT. Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace means realizing values based on local knowledge as a civilization indicator. Fact Yogyakarta palace, as the center of Javanese culture, is maintained and exists through intangible and tangible aspects. The reality of the distribution of local Javanese values, such as Javanese philosophy and way of life, is threatened among the younger generation. The physical revitalization of the Yogyakarta Palace on public crisis awareness of understanding philosophical meaning circulating. Understanding that Yogyakarta Palace's symbolic meaning can be learned through buildings, especially in the Witana ward, is vital. Witana has complete ornaments full of symbolic meaning by focusing on the floor as one of the architectural building's elements. What does the floor look like in Witana Ward? What is the process of the relationship between geometric shapes and meaning? What is the symbolic meaning of the Witana Ward floor pattern? Consider Witana's architectural symbol to invite all people to remember God Almighty. The research is urgent to formulate floor shapes in Witana Ward to formulate the relation between geometric shapes and meanings and formulate the symbolic meaning of floor patterns in Witana Ward, Yogyakarta Palace. The semiotic method with Peirce and Chandler's analytical model examines Ward Witana architectural forms, namely icons, indexes, and symbols, in a triadic system. The application of this method in the study of the elements of the Witana Ward floor pattern is to uncover latent factors to produce truths through local knowledge. The result is a system consisting of three sign components, built from floor pattern objects that have a relationship with Vastusastra as context. Keywords: Floor Pattern, Vastusastra, Bangsal Witana, Yogyakarta Palac

Pola Invasi Ruang sebagai Penentu Hierarki Kegiatan di Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan, Bantul, D. I. Yogyakarta

Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan merupakan salah satu dari empat masjid pathok negara di wilayah Kasultanan Yogyakarta. Masjid merupakan bentuk representatif dari masjid tradisional Jawa dan difungsikan sebagai sarana untuk melakukan kegiatan yang bersifat keagamaan. Meningkatnya jumlah jamaah yang menggunakan masjid tidak sebanding dengan dimensi ruang yang dimiliki oleh masjid. Hal ini memunculkan fenomena adanya kegiatan-kegiatanyang menggunakan lebih dari satu ruang sebagai area perluasannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegiatan-kegiatan yang terindikasi melakukan proses invasi ruang, serta pola spasial yang tercipta dari invasi ruang tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan paradigma rasionalistik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi lapangan, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Analisis menggunakan abstraksi morfologi guna melihat proses arah invasi ruang secara spasial. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa proses invasi ruang ditemukan pada delapan kasus kegiatan di dalam Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan dengan pola invasi ruang yang beragam. Berdasarkan pola-pola tersebut ditemukan tiga pola dominan yang masing-masing mewakili kegiatan ritual, kegiatan seremonial, dan kegiatan sosial. Ketiga pola ini membentuk suatu hierarki kegiatan yang mengatur batasan arah invasi serta penggunaan ruang. Kegiatan ritual memiliki arah invasi ke segala arah (tanpa batas) dan kegiatan seremonial dan sosial memiliki arah invasi yang terbatas

Does Board Diversity Matter on Corporate Social Disclosure? An Indonesian Evidence

The objective of this study to examine the effect of board diversity on corporate social disclosure, in which case the board diversity is proxied by board age, board gender, board independence, board size and board tenure. Testing were conducted at public firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that disclose corporate social responsibility in annual report or sustainability report during the period of 2010-2012 using multiple regression analysis.  The results showed that board age and board size have significant positive effect on corporate social disclosure.  Board gender and board tenure have significant negative effect on corporate social disclosure, while board independency doesn’t affect on it.  The research findings indicate the dominance of older boards group are able to respond to the interest of diverse stakeholders, and larger board represents the more experience, knowledge, skill and insight to better encourage ethical corporate behavior.  Long tenure board and gender composition in board member need to be scrutinized in their role to lead the strategy and policies related to sustainability issues.  The longer board tenure can reduce the effectiveness of the oversight functions to executive behaviors and have negative consequences on governance, in ensuring equality in the relationship between stakeholders.  Meanwhile, the existence and the low number of female board in the corporate board without adequate expertise or experience are unable to encourage altruistic behavior and better perspective to ethical and environmental concerns. Keywords : board diversity, board of commissioner, corporate social disclosur

Associative Meaning of Pornography in Printed Media Advertising Products: A Pragmatic Study

Pornography is not private or taboo in current mass media. In advertising products, pornography is an important element of concern. This research studies deeply speech strategies and implicature of advertising products containing associative meanings of pornography. Speech acts and scheme theories are employed as a tool of analysis. Speech acts theory used to understand types and strategies of the advertising texts of associative meaning of pornography, and the schema theory to understand textual meanings of the advertising texts which represent meanings and their implications. Through a qualitative approach, the data select samples of the advertising products from magazines, tabloids, and newspapers as the data source. The data are taken by using technique of scrutinizing, reducing, and classifying the associative meanings of pornography. Data validation is done by triangulation of data through questionnaires and focus group discussion. Data analysis used textual and contextual analysis. The analysis is directed to the markers surrounding the speech act types and strategies and the implication of the text. The findings of associative meaning of pornography in advertisements tend to be realized with an indirect literal strategy, reflected in the tendency of using the pre-conditioned assertive and directive speech acts. In this case the associative meaning of pornography in respect to the matter of lechery expressed vaguely. Implicature of the associative utterances of pornographic advertisement cannot be separated from the schematic knowledge supporting role of textual information, contextual assumption and implicatures texts related to the problem of lechery. Keywords: Text, Scheme Knowledge, indirect, non-literal, and lechery

Analisis Pengaruh Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia, Modal Sosial dan Modal Finansial terhadap Kinerja UMKM Bidang Garmen di Kabupaten Klaten

The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine (1) The effect on the performance of SMEs HR competence in the field of garment Klaten district. (2) The effect of social capital on the performance of SMEs in the garment district of Klaten. (3) The effect of financial capital on the performance of SMEs in the garment district of Klaten. (4) The effect of human resource competencies to the financial capital of SMEs in the garment district of Klaten. (5) the effect of social capital on financial capital of SMEs in the garment field kbaupaten Klaten. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The population in this study is the garment sector SMEs in Klaten District. Data analysis in this study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The sample in this study of 160 SMEs in the field of garment Klaten that dispersed into 5 clusters. The sampling technique used is the cluster area sampling technique. Techniques of data collection using questionnaire instrument with a Likert scale. The data obtained in this study is primary data obtained directly by distributing questionnaires to the respondents. Prerequisite test SEM analysis used in this research include: sample adequacy test assumptions, normality test and evaluation of outliers. Testing the suitability of the model using a x2 test - Chi-Square statistic, RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation), GFI (Goodness of fit index), AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index), CMIN / DF (The Minimum Sample Discrepancy Function devided with degrre of Freedom), TLI (Tucker Lewis Indeex), CFI (Comparative Fit Index). Hypothesis test used path analysis suitability. Based on calculations concluded that: (1) the variable Human Resources competencies have significant positive effect on SME performance variable with a value of 4557 and significant at p <0.05, (2) the social capital variables have a significant positive effect on the performance of SMEs variable with a value of 3.599 and was significant at p <0.05, (3) the financial capital variables have a significant positive effect on the performance of SMEs with a value variable sebesarn 4.334 and significant at p <0.05, (4) the HR competency variables have a significant positive effect on the financial capital variables with a value of 3.554 and significant at p <0.05, (5) the social capital variables have a significant positive effect on the financial capital variable with a value of 3.388 and significant at p <0.05