533 research outputs found
Quantile regression estimands and models: revisiting the motherhood wage penalty debate
This paper discusses the crucial but sometimes neglected differences between unconditional quantile regression (UQR) models and quantile treatment effects (QTE) models. We argue that there is a frequent mismatch between the aim of the quantile regression analysis and the quantitative toolkit used in much of the applied literature, including the motherhood wage penalty literature. This mismatch may result in wrong conclusions being drawn from the data, and in the end, misguided theories. In this paper, we clarify the crucial conceptual distinction between influences on quantiles of the overall distributions, which we term population-level influences, and individual-level QTEs. Further, we use data simulations to illustrate that various classes of quantile regression models may, in some instances, give entirely different conclusions (to different questions). Finally, we compare quantile regression estimates using real data examples, showing that UQR and QTE models differ sometimes but not always. Still, the conceptual and empirical distinctions between quantile regression models underline the need to match the correct model to the specific research questions. We conclude the paper with a few practical guidelines for researchers
Опухоль брюшной стенки - грыжа спигелевой линии, содержащая метастатическую карциному с невыявленным первичным очагом
АДЕНОКАРЦИНОМАБРЮШНАЯ СТЕНКАГРЫЖИКАРЦИНОМАКОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНЫЕ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯНОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯТОЛСТАЯ КИШК
DNA detection by THz pumping
Our results demonstrate a new method for label-free, real-time
oligonucleotide characterisation by their self-resonant modes, which are unique
to their conformation and sequence. We anticipate that our assay will be used
as a starting point for a more detailed investigation of the aforementioned
mechanism, which can be used as a basis for oligonucleotide detection and
analysis. Furthermore, this technique can be applied to improve existing modern
genetics technologies.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Author Correction: LKB1 loss links serine metabolism to DNA methylation and tumorigenesis
Erratum for: LKB1 loss links serine metabolism to DNA methylation and tumorigenesis. [Nature. 2016
Directed transport in a ratchet with internal and chemical freedoms
We consider mechanisms of directed transport in a ratchet model comprising,
besides the external freedom where transport occurs, a chemical freedom that
replaces the familiar external driving by an autonomous dynamics providing
energy input, and an internal freedom representing a functional mode of a motor
molecule. The dependence of the current on various parameters is studied in
numerical simulations of our model. In particular, we point out the role of the
internal freedom as a buffer between energy input and output of mechanical work
that allows a temporary storage of injected energy and can contribute to the
efficiency of current generation.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure
Spin polarization of the L-gap surface states on Au(111)
The electron spin polarization (ESP) of the L-gap surface states on Au(111)
is investigated theoretically by means of first-principles electronic-structure
and photoemission calculations. The surface states show a large spin-orbit
induced in-plane ESP which is perpendicular to the in-plane wavevector, in
close analogy to a two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit
interaction. The surface corrugation leads to a small ESP component normal to
the surface, being not reported so far. The surface-states ESP can be probed
qualitatively and quantitatively by spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron
spectroscopy, provided that the initial-state ESP is retained in the
photoemission process and not obscured by spin-orbit induced polarization
effects. Relativistic photoemission calculations provide detailed information
on what photoemission set-ups allow to conclude from the photoelectron ESP on
that of the surface states.Comment: 22 pages with 8 figure
Histopathological characterization of magnetic resonance imaging-decectable brain white matter lesions in a primate model of multiple sclerosis.
Atomic correlations in itinerant ferromagnets: quasi-particle bands of nickel
We measure the band structure of nickel along various high-symmetry lines of
the bulk Brillouin zone with angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. The
Gutzwiller theory for a nine-band Hubbard model whose tight-binding parameters
are obtained from non-magnetic density-functional theory resolves most of the
long-standing discrepancies between experiment and theory on nickel. Thereby we
support the view of itinerant ferromagnetism as induced by atomic correlations.Comment: 4 page REVTeX 4.0, one figure, one tabl
Twisted exchange interaction between localized spins embedded in a one- or two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
We study theoretically the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction
in one- and two-dimensions in presence of a Rashba spin-orbit (SO) coupling. We
show that rotation of the spin of conduction electrons due to SO coupling
causes a twisted RKKY interaction between localized spins which consists of
three different terms: Heisenberg, Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya, and Ising
interactions. We also show that the effective spin Hamiltonian reduces to the
usual RKKY interaction Hamiltonian in the twisted spin space where the spin
quantization axis of one localized spin is rotated.Comment: 4pages, no figur
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