Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction with Structured Memory Hierarchies

This paper presents a novel framework for human trajectory prediction based on multimodal data (video and radar). Motivated by recent neuroscience discoveries, we propose incorporating a structured memory component in the human trajectory prediction pipeline to capture historical information to improve performance. We introduce structured LSTM cells for modelling the memory content hierarchically, preserving the spatiotemporal structure of the information and enabling us to capture both short-term and long-term context. We demonstrate how this architecture can be extended to integrate salient information from multiple modalities to automatically store and retrieve important information for decision making without any supervision. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed models on a novel multimodal dataset that we introduce, consisting of 40,000 pedestrian trajectories, acquired jointly from a radar system and a CCTV camera system installed in a public place. The performance is also evaluated on the publicly available New York Grand Central pedestrian database. In both settings, the proposed models demonstrate their capability to better anticipate future pedestrian motion compared to existing state of the art.Comment: To appear in ECML-PKDD 201

Matrix elasticity of void-forming hydrogels controls transplanted-stem-cell-mediated bone formation

The effectiveness of stem cell therapies has been hampered by cell death and limited control over fate. These problems can be partially circumvented by using macroporous biomaterials that improve the survival of transplanted stem cells and provide molecular cues to direct cell phenotype. Stem cell behaviour can also be controlled in vitro by manipulating the elasticity of both porous and non-porous materials, yet translation to therapeutic processes in vivo remains elusive. Here, by developing injectable, void-forming hydrogels that decouple pore formation from elasticity, we show that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenesis in vitro, and cell deployment in vitro and in vivo, can be controlled by modifying, respectively, the hydrogel’s elastic modulus or its chemistry. When the hydrogels were used to transplant MSCs, the hydrogel’s elasticity regulated bone regeneration, with optimal bone formation at 60 kPa. Our findings show that biophysical cues can be harnessed to direct therapeutic stem cell behaviours in situ

Возможность прогнозирования клеточного типа увеальных меланом без использования инвазивных методов диагностики

Резюме. С помощью дискриминантного анализа установлена возможность определения клеточного типа меланомы увеального тракта в процессе проведения комбинированного (фотокоагуляция + брахитерапия) лечения. Разработана высокозначимая (l = 0,08; р = 0,002) дискриминантная модель, включающая ряд клинических (степень пигментации, пол, скорость роста меланомы) и иммунологических (количество Т- и В-лимфоцитов, процент Т-хелперов и др.) показателей. Особое место в модели занимают признаки, в наибольшей степени отражающие биологические особенности увеальных меланом различного клеточного состава, а именно — скорость изменения размера опухоли в процессе лечения и изменение показателей клеточного иммунитета. Ключевые слова: увеальная меланома, клеточный тип, клинико-морфологические, иммунологические показатели, дискриминантный анализ.Summary. Application of the discriminant analysis shows that it is possible to define the cell type of melanoma of uveal tract of the eye in the process of combined (photocoagulation + brachytherapy) treatment. A highly reliable (l= 0,08; р = 0,002) discriminant model was elaborated, involving a number of both clinical (pigmentation level, gender, melanoma growth rate) and immunological (number of T and B lymphocytes, T helper rate, etc.) indicators. In this model, especially important are those traits that most pronouncedly reflect the biological peculiarities of uveal melanomas of various cellular compositions, namely — the pace of tumor size growth in the process of treatment and changes in cell immunity indicators. Key Words: uveal melanoma, cell type, clinical and morphological, immunological indicators, discriminant analysis

Design-time formal verification for smart environments: an exploratory perspective

Smart environments (SmE) are richly integrated with multiple heterogeneous devices; they perform the operations in intelligent manner by considering the context and actions/behaviors of the users. Their major objective is to enable the environment to provide ease and comfort to the users. The reliance on these systems demands consistent behavior. The versatility of devices, user behavior and intricacy of communication complicate the modeling and verification of SmE's reliable behavior. Of the many available modeling and verification techniques, formal methods appear to be the most promising. Due to a large variety of implementation scenarios and support for conditional behavior/processing, the concept of SmE is applicable to diverse areas which calls for focused research. As a result, a number of modeling and verification techniques have been made available for designers. This paper explores and puts into perspective the modeling and verification techniques based on an extended literature survey. These techniques mainly focus on some specific aspects, with a few overlapping scenarios (such as user interaction, devices interaction and control, context awareness, etc.), which were of the interest to the researchers based on their specialized competencies. The techniques are categorized on the basis of various factors and formalisms considered for the modeling and verification and later analyzed. The results show that no surveyed technique maintains a holistic perspective; each technique is used for the modeling and verification of specific SmE aspects. The results further help the designers select appropriate modeling and verification techniques under given requirements and stress for more R&D effort into SmE modeling and verification researc

A LIDA cognitive model tutorial

Over a decade in the making and described in some seventy-five published papers, the LIDA cog- nitive model is comprehensive, complex, and hard to ''wrap one's head around". Here we offer, in tutorial fashion, a current, relatively complete and somewhat detailed, description of the conceptual LIDA model, with pointers to more complete accounts of individual processes in the literature. These descriptions also include some features of the workings of the LIDA model that have not been published previously. The tutorial begins with several short sections designed to ease the reader into the LIDA model. These are followed by an account of the conceptual commitments of the LIDA model. We also include a brief introduction to the LIDA computational model via the LIDA Framework, with pointers to its own tutorial. This is followed by sketches of several of the LIDA based agents developed with the help of the Framework. The tutorial ends with a section on current research activity, which includes a table showing which aspects of the LIDA conceptual model have cur- rently been implemented computationally