Quartic Mass Corrections to RhadR_{had}

The influence of nonvanishing quark masses on the total cross section in electron positron collisions and on the $Z$ decay rate is calculated. The corrections are expanded in $m^2/s$ and \as. Methods similar to those applied for the quadratic mass terms allow to derive the corrections of order \as m^4/s^2 and \as^2m^4/s^2. Coefficients which depend logarithmically on $m^2/s$ and which cannot be absorbed in a running quark mass arise in order \as^2. The implications of these results on electron positron annihilation cross sections at LEP and at lower energies in particular between the charm and the bottom threshold and for energies several GeV above the $b\bar b$ threshold are discussed.Comment: 17 pages, LaTex (uses epsf.sty, figures appended as uuencoded ps- and eps-files). A complete postscript file, including figures, is available via anonymous ftp at ttpux2.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de (129.13.102.139) as /pub/ttp94-08/ttp94-08.ps, Local preprint# TTP94-0

Design-integrated environmental performance feedback based on early-BIM

Architects largely define the environmental impact a building will cause throughout its lifetime in early design stages. Therefore, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) would be ideally used to optimize the environmental performance in these stages. Conventional LCA tools based on BIM require detailed information only available in detailed design stages when it is too late for major changes. Therefore, a novel tool based on simple 3D models and a parametric LCA method is developed. The cloud-based tool called CAALA is designed as a plug-in for 3D CAD software and provides the results in real-time. The applicability of this early-BIM approach is validated using three case studies, each highlighting different aspects. The results show that CAALA provides meaningful information to architects and clients, is easy to learn, and applicable in early design with a reasonable effort. Finally, it can be concluded that holistic environmental performance optimization in the most important early design stages is now practically feasible

Corrigendum: The Stand-Alone PilZ-Domain Protein MotL Specifically Regulates the Activity of the Secondary Lateral Flagellar System in Shewanella putrefaciens

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.668892.]

Vaccination with Enterisol® Salmonella T/C reduces Salmonella enterica colonization of ileocecal lymph nodes in growing pigs

Salmonellosis in pigs may have both production and food safety impacts. In this study, lymph node colonization was compared between a new, bivalent Salmonella vaccine and a baseline vaccine program

Vaccination with Enterisol® Salmonella T/C reduces Salmonella enterica colonization of ileocecal lymph nodes in growing pigs

Salmonellosis in pigs may have both production and food safety impacts. In this study, lymph node colonization was compared between a new, bivalent Salmonella vaccine and a baseline vaccine program.</p

Engineering Amyloid Fibrils from β‑Solenoid Proteins for Biomaterials Applications

Nature provides numerous examples of self-assembly that can potentially be implemented for materials applications. Considerable attention has been given to one-dimensional cross-β or amyloid structures that can serve as templates for wire growth or strengthen materials such as glue or cement. Here, we demonstrate controlled amyloid self-assembly based on modifications of β-solenoid proteins. They occur naturally in several contexts (e.g., antifreeze proteins, drug resistance proteins) but do not aggregate <i>in vivo</i> due to capping structures or distortions at their ends. Removal of these capping structures and regularization of the ends of the spruce budworm and rye grass antifreeze proteins yield micron length amyloid fibrils with predictable heights, which can be a platform for biomaterial-based self-assembly. The design process, including all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, purification, and self-assembly procedures are described. Fibril formation with the predicted characteristics is supported by evidence from thioflavin-T fluorescence, circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy. Additionally, we find evidence for lateral assembly of the modified spruce budworm antifreeze fibrils with sufficient incubation time. The kinetics of polymerization are consistent with those for other amyloid formation reactions and are relatively fast due to the preformed nature of the polymerization nucleus