Hubungan Kinerja Otak Dengan Spiritualitas Diukur Dengan Menggunakan Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment Pada Tokoh Agama Kristen Gereja Mawar Sharon Di Sulawesi Utara

: To date, studies on brain field are growing and now they have touched the spiritual dimension. Amin divided the brain into five major systems, namely the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, the limbic system, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobes. One of the tools that can be used to measure the relationship between the performance of the brain and spirituality is Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). There are four components of spirituality: spiritual experiences, positive emotion, meaning of life, and rituals. This sudy was aimed to determine the relationship between the performance of brain and the spirituality of religious leaders of Mawar Sharon Church in North Sulawesi. This was a descriptive analytical study with a survey method. Data were analyzed with Spearman correlation test. Subjects were 50 Christian religious leaders of Mawar Sharon Church in North Sulawesi. The results showed that there was a weak but significant correlation between gyrus cingulatus and spiritual experiences as well as positive emotions; and between the temporal lobe and meaning of life and ritual. Conclusion: There was a weak but significant correlation between the brain performance and the human spirituality measured by ISHA in religious leaders of Mawar Sharon Church in North Sulawesi

PERENCANAAN TERMINAL PENUMPANG ANGKUTAN JALAN TIPE B DI KECAMATAN TOMOHON SELATAN KOTA TOMOHON

Menurut Perda Kota Tomohon No 6 Tahun 2013 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang dan Wilayah Kota Tomohon Tahun 2013 – 2033, dalam Bab 4 Pasal 14 Ayat 1b direncanakan akan dibangun 4 terminal penumpang angkutan jalan raya tipe B, masing-masing di  Kecamatan Tomohon Barat, Tomohon Timur, Tomohon Utara, dan Tomohon Selatan. Dalam penelitian ini dibahas tentang perencanaan terminal di Kecamatan Tomohon selatan yang  merupakan kawasan tingkat kedatangan trayek terbanyak dibandingkan dengan Kecamatan lain.Perencanaan terminal penumpang angkutan jalan raya ini digunakan data terminal eksisting untuk perencaanan terminal baru yang mengacu pada Permenhub No. 132 Tahun 2015 dan tidak mengambil data forecast karena akan memerlukan data jangka panjang. Berdasarkan data tersebut akan di analisis Fasilitas dan Kapasitas terminal, Pola Parkir dan antrian pada terminal, serta Model bentuk rencana terminal beserta layout-nya.Dari hasil analisis data yang diperoleh maka untuk luas perencanaan terminal adalah 7665 m² dan terdiri dari 2 (dua) jalur dengan perincian 1 (satu) jalur untuk areal kedatangan dan 1 (satu) jalur untuk areal pemberangkatan. Terminal menggunakan 2 (dua) pintu yaitu 1 (satu) pintu masuk dan 1 (satu) pintu keluar. Dan untuk areal parkir kendaraan yaitu areal kedatangan menggunakan sistem parkir 180º dan areal pemberangkatan menggunakan sistem parkir 90º. Diharapkan hasil perencanaan yang didasarkan pada data terminal eksisting dapat memenuhi kebutuhan perencanaan salah satu terminal yang akan dibangun di tomohon selatan kota Tomohon. Kata Kunci : Perencanaan Terminal, Tomohon Selata

Pengaruh Viskositas Aspal Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Karakteristik Marshall

Campuran beraspal panas (hotmix) adalah campuran dari agregat dan aspal yang dicampur, dihampar dan dipadatkan dalam keadaan panas. Tujuan dari pemanasan aspal adalah untuk menurunkan kekentalan (viskositas) sehingga mudah untuk dicampurkan dengan material lain (workabilitas tinggi). Viskositas aspal berhubungan dengan temperatur pemanasan; pada temperatur rendah viskositas tinggi sedangkan pada temperatur tinggi viskositas rendah. Viskositas merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam pelaksanaan campuran, dan mempengaruhi karakteristik Marshall. Pengaruh viskositas terhadap karakteristik Marshall inilah yang akan menjadi topik penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan material dari dua lokasi yaitu Lolan dan Tateli dan menggunakan aspal pertamina penetrasi 60/70. Penelitian dimulai dengan pemeriksaan fisik terhadap material dan aspal yang akan digunakan berdasarkan Spesifikasi Bina Marga 2010 revisi 2012, termasuk dengan pemeriksaan viskositas aspal dengan alat Saybolt Furol. Berdasarkan gradasi agregat yang didapat, dibuat komposisi agregat terbaik dan kadar aspal terbaik untuk campuran ideal. Selanjutnya dibuat masing-masing 3 benda uji berdasarkan campuran ideal dengan variasi viskositas aspal dan diuji Marshall untuk mendapatkan kadar aspal terbaik. Berdasarkan kadar aspal terbaik, dibuat benda uji dengan variasi viskositas aspal yang kemudian diuji, diperiksa dan didapatkan hasil uji Marshall dari masing-masing benda uji. Dengan variasi pemanasan aspal yaitu antara 1200C-2000C yang menghasilkan nilai viskositas aspal antara 41,40cSt-170,00cSt diperoleh hasil uji Marshall; dimana nilai stabilitas, flow, dan VFB cenderung meningkat seiring berkurangnya viskositas aspal sedangkan nilai MQ, VIM, dan VMA cenderung turun seiring berkurangnya viskositas. Pada viskositas 170cSt (temperatur 1500C) merupakan titik dimana semua karakteristik Marshall mencapai titik maksimum dan menghasilkan benda uji yang bermutu baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa batasan viskositas pencampuran yang baik berada pada rentang 41,40cSt-170,00cSt (temperatur 1200C-2000C) dengan suhu pemadatan 50C dibawah suhu pencampuran. Disarankan untuk sesegera mungkin mencampur dan memadatkan benda uji jika temperatur yang menghasilkan viskositas yang baik telah tercapai

Gambaran Histologik Ginjal Tikus Wistar Yang Diberikan Jus Tomat Setelah Diinduksi Dengan Monosodium Glutamat

: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used in daily life as a flavor enhancer in food. MSG is the combination of sodium salt component and glutamic acid-L (a non essential amino acid), which is highly soluble in water. Glutamate in MSG is not bound to protein molecules, but in the free form, therefore, it will form free radicals in the body. Free radicals in the body can be neutralized by antioxidants. Tomatoes are fruits that contain several antioxidants (lycopene, vitamin C and vitamin A). Lycopene is an antioxidant that is the highest in tomatoes. Lycopene reduces free radicals in the body by releasing up one of its electrons to bind with free radicals so the free radicals do not bind to other cells in the body and reduces the damage in the body. This study was aimed to determine the histological changes in the kidneys of Wistar rats induced by MSG, and of those that were added tomato juice. This was an experimental study with a post test only control group design. The study used 15 Wistar rats divided into three groups: group I without treatment (pellets AD II and drinking water); group II, MSG for 14 days; and group III, tomato juice and MSG for 14 days. The results showed that in both treatment groups there were visible swelling of tubular epithelial cells and narrowing of the tubular lumen, albeit, the glomeruli still looked normal

Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

14 páginas.- 4 figuras.- 67 referencias.- The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-024-01670-7Perennial plants create productive and biodiverse hotspots, known as fertile islands, beneath their canopies. These hotspots largely determine the structure and functioning of drylands worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the factors controlling fertile islands under conditions of contrasting grazing by livestock, the most prevalent land use in drylands, remain virtually unknown. Here we evaluated the relative importance of grazing pressure and herbivore type, climate and plant functional traits on 24 soil physical and chemical attributes that represent proxies of key ecosystem services related to decomposition, soil fertility, and soil and water conservation. To do this, we conducted a standardized global survey of 288 plots at 88 sites in 25 countries worldwide. We show that aridity and plant traits are the major factors associated with the magnitude of plant effects on fertile islands in grazed drylands worldwide. Grazing pressure had little influence on the capacity of plants to support fertile islands. Taller and wider shrubs and grasses supported stronger island effects. Stable and functional soils tended to be linked to species-rich sites with taller plants. Together, our findings dispel the notion that grazing pressure or herbivore type are linked to the formation or intensification of fertile islands in drylands. Rather, our study suggests that changes in aridity, and processes that alter island identity and therefore plant traits, will have marked effects on how perennial plants support and maintain the functioning of drylands in a more arid and grazed world.This research was supported by the European Research Council (ERC grant 647038 (BIODESERT) awarded to F.T.M.) and Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2018/041). D.J.E. was supported by the Hermon Slade Foundation (HSF21040). J. Ding was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project (41991232) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China. M.D.-B. acknowledges support from TED2021-130908B-C41/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/Unión Europea Next Generation EU/PRTR and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the I + D + i project PID2020-115813RA-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. O.S. was supported by US National Science Foundation (Grants DEB 1754106, 20-25166), and Y.L.B.-P. by a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Individual Fellowship (MSCA-1018 IF) within the European Program Horizon 2020 (DRYFUN Project 656035). K.G. and N.B. acknowledge support from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) SPACES projects OPTIMASS (FKZ: 01LL1302A) and ORYCS (FKZ: FKZ01LL1804A). B.B. was supported by the Taylor Family-Asia Foundation Endowed Chair in Ecology and Conservation Biology, and M. Bowker by funding from the School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University. C.B. acknowledges funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41971131). D.B. acknowledges support from the Hungarian Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFI KKP 144096), and A. Fajardo support from ANID PIA/BASAL FB 210006 and the Millennium Science Initiative Program NCN2021-050. M.F. and H.E. received funding from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (grant 39843). A.N. and M.K. acknowledge support from FCT (CEECIND/02453/2018/CP1534/CT0001, SFRH/BD/130274/2017, PTDC/ASP-SIL/7743/2020, UIDB/00329/2020), EEA (10/CALL#5), AdaptForGrazing (PRR-C05-i03-I-000035) and LTsER Montado platform (LTER_EU_PT_001) grants. O.V. acknowledges support from the Hungarian Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFI KKP 144096). L.W. was supported by the US National Science Foundation (EAR 1554894). Y.Z. and X.Z. were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2003214). H.S. is supported by a María Zambrano fellowship funded by the Ministry of Universities and European Union-Next Generation plan. The use of any trade, firm or product names does not imply endorsement by any agency, institution or government. Finally, we thank the many people who assisted with field work and the landowners, corporations and national bodies that allowed us access to their land.Peer reviewe

Comparison of Ponseti and Kite's method of treatment for congenital Talipes Equino using the Pirani scoring system

Objective: The study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of the Ponseti manipulation versus the Kite's manipulation in the treatment of idiopathic Congenital Talipes Equino Varus (CTEV) as evaluated by the Pirani score.Design: An intervention study, prospective non randomized trial.Setting:Hospital based study at three central hospitals namely Harare Central Hospital (HCH), Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals (PGH) and Chitungwiza Central Hospitals (CCH) in Zimbabwe. Subjects: 38 feet in 25 patients, 13 bilateral and 12 unilateral CTEV deformities in children less than one year of age and without prior manipulation or surgical treatment were purposively allocated to either Ponseti (20 feet) or Kite's method (18 feet) at three central hospitals. There were no dropouts. Intervention: Participants in two hospitals were managed using the Ponseti method and one hospital managed participants using the kite's method. Baseline Pirani scores were measured before the first treatment was done. Thereafter they were followed up weekly and analysis was done for three and six week outcomes using the Pirani score. Correction was measured by the difference between the baseline hindfoot, midfoot and total scores and the Pirani scores at three weeks and six weeks. Within group analysis of the data was done using a single student t - test and between groups analysis was done using the independent student t - test.Results: Both methods were effective in correcting CTEV deformity. Feet managed by the Ponseti method showed faster rates of decrease in Pirani score (improvement) as compared to feet treated by Kite's method. The between group analysis (Kite Ponseti) at three weeks was -1,4056 (p = 0.0000) [CI = -1.900 to -0.9103] showing a significantly difference between the methods at three weeks. The between group analysis (Kite Ponseti) at six weeks was -2.2302 (p = 0.0000) [CI = -2.9789 to -1.4815] showing a significantly difference between the methods at six weeks. Conclusion: Ponseti management causes faster improvement in CTEV deformity using the Pirani scores than Kite management at three weeks and six weeks. It would therefore be more efficacious to use the Ponseti method of manipulation in the conservative management of CTEV. Issues of cost effectiveness will need to be researched further

Unlocking the potential of value chains as climate change resilience strategies: can macadamia nuts (macadamia integrifolia) offer the gateway?

The consequences of climate change threaten existing agriculture systems across Zimbabwe. The researchers examined the possibility and potential for developing a smallholder farmer driven macadamia nuts value chain. Using the case of Chipinge district, Manicaland province, Zimbabwe, the study evaluated the potential of macadamia nut value chain functions as a climate change resilience strategy in Zimbabwe. Challenges faced by actors and positive developments made in incorporating smallholders into the macadamia nuts production sector were explored. The role of local markets and producers in the international trade in macadamia nuts were also examined, using a modified stakeholder analysis framework. Triangulation, a mixed methodology, was used to adequately capture the various quantitative and qualitative dimensions along the macadamia nuts value chain pillars. A sample of 220 farming units including Estates, A1 and A2 farmers was proportionately selected for the study. Primary data were collected from Key Informants through interviews and personal communications. Secondary data were collected from Agritex officers, buyers, and the Macadamia Association of Zimbabwe farmers’ records.  The production-marketing interface for macadamia nuts is weakly coordinated in the study area as shown by the rudimentary production systems especially for the A1 and A2 farmers. Results show that the major missing links are the limited application of extension driven production enhancers and the limited visibility of farmers in more rewarding export markets. Production scales have, however, been increasing with more farmers allocating land towards the macadamia nuts trees. Decentralization of macadamia nuts markets and localized value addition needs to be done to realign domestic and export market prices

Nervus Olfaktorius: Dasar, Klinis Medis, dan Psikologis

Nervus olfaktorius merupakan saraf kranial pertama. Gangguan olfaktorius dapat berdampak buruk pada kesehatan dan kualitas hidup serta memengaruhi psikologis manusia. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran dasar anatomi, klinis medis dan psikologis dari nervus olfaktorius. Penelitian ini dalam bentuk literature review. Literatur diambil dari satu database yaitu PubMed. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu olfactory nerve anatomy AND clinical AND psychology. Setelah diseleksi dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan 11 literatur yang akan di review. Hasil penelitian dari 11 literatur yang di review didapatkan anatomi dasar nervus olfaktorius. Gangguan klinis seperti anosmia, hiposmia, phantosmia dapat terjadi pada beberapa kejadian atau penyakit non-neurodegeneratif dan neurodegeneratif yaitu Trauma cedera kepala, Alzheimer, Parkinson dan COVID-19. Psikologis yang berkaitan dengan emosional dan gangguan psikiatri juga berhubungan dengan penciuman. Sebagai simpulan, saraf kranial pertama adalah nervus olfaktorius atau disebut saraf penciuman, secara klinis bisa terjadi pada penyakit neurogeneratif dan non-neurodegeneratif. Penciuman dan gangguannya dapat memengaruhi psikologis