Дослідження сапонінів спиртового екстракту зі жмиху плодів малини звичайної методом ВЕРХ

Aim. To study saponins of the raspberry cake ethanol extract.Materials and methods. The object of the study was the extract obtained from the cake of Rubus idaeus fruit. The study of saponin compounds was carried out by HPLC.Results and discussion. The following saponins were found in the extract: euscapic acid (0.24 %), tormentic acid (0.14 %), lupeol (0.65 %). These compounds are of interest to pharmacy and medicine as substances with the oncoprotective and hepatoprotective activity.Conclusions. The qualitative and quantitative composition of saponins in the cake extract of raspberry fruits has been studied. The results indicate the prospects of creating new drugs based on biologically active substances of the raspberry fruit cake, as well as necessity of more profound study of phenolic compounds of this type of the raw material.Цель. Целью данной работы было исследование сапонинов этанольного экстракта из жмыха плодов малины обыкновенной.Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования был экстракт, полученный из жмыха плодов R. idaeus. Исследование сапониновых соединений проводили методом ВЭЖХ.Результаты и их обсуждение. В экстракте были обнаружены такие сапонины: эускаповая кислота (0,24 %), торментиновая кислота (0,14 %), лупеол (0,65 %). Эти соединения представляют интерес для фармации и медицины как вещества с онкопротекторной и гепатопротекторной активностью. Выводы. Изучен качественный и количественный состав сапонинов экстракта из жмыха плодов малины. Результаты указывают на перспективность создания новых лекарственных средств на основе биологически активных веществ из жмыха плодов малины, а также на необходимость более глубокого изучения фенольных соединений данного вида сырья.Мета. Метою даної роботи стало дослідження сапонінів етанольного екстракту зі жмиху плодів малини звичайної.Матеріали та методи. Об’єктом дослідження був екстракт, отриманий зі жмиху плодів R. Idaeus. Дослідження сапонінових сполук проводили методом ВЕРХ.Результати та їх обговорення. В екстракті були виявлені такі сапоніни: еускапова кислота (0,24 %), торментинова кислота (0,14 %), лупеол (0,65 %). Ці сполуки становлять інтерес для фармації і медицини як речовини з онкопротекторною і гепатопротекторною активністю.Висновки. Вивчений якісний і кількісний склад сапонінів екстракту зі жмиху плодів малини. Результати вказують на перспективність створення нових лікарських засобів на основі біологічно активних речовин зі жмиху плодів малини, а також на необхідність більш глибокого вивчення фенольних сполук даного виду сировини

Event extraction of bacteria biotopes: a knowledge-intensive NLP-based approach

International audienceBackground: Bacteria biotopes cover a wide range of diverse habitats including animal and plant hosts, natural, medical and industrial environments. The high volume of publications in the microbiology domain provides a rich source of up-to-date information on bacteria biotopes. This information, as found in scientific articles, is expressed in natural language and is rarely available in a structured format, such as a database. This information is of great importance for fundamental research and microbiology applications (e.g., medicine, agronomy, food, bioenergy). The automatic extraction of this information from texts will provide a great benefit to the field

A Molecular Study on the Prevalence and Virulence Potential of Aeromonas spp. Recovered from Patients Suffering from Diarrhea in Israel

Background: Species of the genus Aeromonas are native inhabitants of aquatic environments and have recently been considered emerging human pathogens. Although the gastrointestinal tract is by far the most common anatomic site from which aeromonads are recovered, their role as etiologic agents of bacterial diarrhea is still disputed. Aeromonas-associated diarrhea is a phenomenon occurring worldwide; however, the exact prevalence of Aeromonas infections on a global scale is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings: The prevalence and virulence potential of Aeromonas in patients suffering from diarrhea in Israel was studied using molecular methods. 1,033 diarrheal stools were sampled between April and September 2010 and Aeromonas species were identified in 17 (,2%) patients by sequencing the rpoD gene. Aeromonas species identity and abundance was: A. caviae (65%), A. veronii (29%) and Aeromonas taiwanensis (6%). This is the first clinical record of A. taiwanensis as a diarrheal causative since its recent discovery from a wound infection in a patient in Taiwan. Most of the patients (77%) from which Aeromonas species were isolated were negative for any other pathogens. The patients ranged from 1 to 92 years in age. Aeromonas isolates were found to possess different virulence-associated genes: ahpB (88%), pla/ lip/lipH3/apl-1 (71%), act/hlyA/aerA (35%), alt (18%), ast (6%), fla (65%), lafA (41%), TTSS ascV (12%), TTSS ascF-ascG (12%), TTSS-dependent ADP-ribosylating toxins aexU (41%) and aexT (6%) in various combinations. Most of the identified strain

Marine Tar Residues: a Review

Abstract Marine tar residues originate from natural and anthropogenic oil releases into the ocean environment and are formed after liquid petroleum is transformed by weathering, sedimentation, and other processes. Tar balls, tar mats, and tar patties are common examples of marine tar residues and can range in size from millimeters in diameter (tar balls) to several meters in length and width (tar mats). These residues can remain in the ocean envi-ronment indefinitely, decomposing or becoming buried in the sea floor. However, in many cases, they are transported ashore via currents and waves where they pose a concern to coastal recreation activities, the seafood industry and may have negative effects on wildlife. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on marine tar residue formation, transport, degradation, and distribution. Methods of detection and removal of marine tar residues and their possible ecological effects are discussed, in addition to topics of marine tar research that warrant further investigation. Emphasis is placed on ben-thic tar residues, with a focus on the remnants of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in particular, which are still affecting the northern Gulf of Mexico shores years after the leaking submarine well was capped