La correspondencia de Valencia : diario de noticias : eco imparcial de la opinión y de la prensa: Año XXXVII Número 15902 - 1914 Enero 23

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 200

Managing the next wave of information and communications technologies: a report on NOMS 2012

The 13th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS 2012) was held on April 16-20, 2012 in Maui, Hawaii, USA. Held in even-numbered years since 1988, NOMS 2012 followed the 24 years tradition of NOMS and IM as the primary IEEE Communications Society's (ComSoc) forum for technical exchange on management of information and communication technology focusing on research, development, integration, standards, service provisioning, and user communities. In this paper we report the highlights of the 2012 edition of the symposium, including significant activities, discussions, impressions and observations

Dengue Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dengue contributes a significant burden on global public health and economies. In Africa, the burden of dengue virus (DENV) infection is not well described. This review was undertaken to determine the prevalence of dengue and associated risk factors. A literature search was done on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases to identify articles published between 1960 and 2020. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effect model at a 95% confidence interval, followed by subgroup meta-analysis to determine the overall prevalence. Between 1960 and 2020, 45 outbreaks were identified, of which 17 and 16 occurred in East and West Africa, respectively. Dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) and DENV-2 were the dominant serotypes contributing to 60% of the epidemics. Of 2211 cases reported between 2009 and 2020; 1954 (88.4%) were reported during outbreaks. Overall, the prevalence of dengue was 29% (95% CI: 20–39%) and 3% (95% CI: 1–5%) during the outbreak and non-outbreak periods, respectively. Old age (6/21 studies), lack of mosquito control (6/21), urban residence (4/21), climate change (3/21), and recent history of travel (3/21) were the leading risk factors. This review reports a high burden of dengue and increased risk of severe disease in Africa. Our findings provide useful information for clinical practice and health policy decisions to implement effective interventions

In vivo pharmacology of BIIR 561 CL, a novel combined antagonist of AMPA receptors and voltage-dependent Na(+) channels

1. Glutamate receptors of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) subtype and voltage-gated Na(+) channels are associated with diseases of the central nervous system characterized by neuronal over-excitation as in epilepsy or cerebral ischaemia. In animal models, AMPA receptor antagonists and Na(+) channel blockers provide protection in these conditions. 2. Dimethyl-{2-[2-(3-phenyl-[1,2,4]oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenoxyl]-ethyl}-amine hydrochloride (BIIR 561 CL) combines both, AMPA receptor – and Na(+) channel blocking properties in one molecule. Here, BIIR 561 CL was investigated in vivo. 3. BIIR 561 CL protected mice against AMPA-induced toxicity with an ED(50) value of 4.5 mg kg(−1) following subcutaneous (s.c.) administration. A 0.1% solution of BIIR 561 CL provided local anaesthesia in the corneal reflex test in rabbits. In mice, the compound prevented tonic seizures in the maximal electroshock (MES) model with an ED(50) value of 3.0 mg kg(−1) s.c. In amygdala-kindled rats, BIIR 561 CL inhibited seizures at doses of 3 and 11 mg kg(−1) following intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. 4. The data show that the combination of blocking AMPA receptor- and voltage-gated Na(+) channels in one molecule induces effective protection in animal models of neuronal over-excitation