Soft Magnetic Property of Electrodeposited Nickel-Tungsten Alloys

Nickel-tungsten alloy (Ni_W_) containing up to 15% tungsten has been electrochemically synthesized. Crystal grain size decreased and the lattice constant increased with increasing in tungsten content in deposit. The Nickel-tungsten alloy contains nano-size crystals. Magnetic coercive force of the alloy decreased down to around 20 Oe with increase in tungsten content and the soft magnetic property was improved.Nagasaki Symposium on Nano-Dynamics 2008 (NSND2008) 平成20年1月29日(火)於長崎大学 Poster Presentatio

Isotropic magnetization response of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni–W alloy nanowire arrays

Isotropic magnetization response was demonstrated in electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni–15 % W alloy nanowire arrays, which can be applied to nanoscale magnetic field sensors. The Ni–W alloy nanowire arrays were electrochemically synthesized on a nanochannel template electrode from an aqueous electrolytic solution. X-ray and electron diffraction patterns revealed that Ni–15 % W alloy deposits were composed of ultrafine crystal grains with a supersaturated solid solution phase. The magnetization of the Ni–15 % W alloy thin films reached saturation at around 2.5 kOe in a perpendicular direction to the film plane, whereas the pure Ni thin films hardly magnetized in the perpendicular direction. On the contrary, Ni–15 % W alloy nanowire arrays were easily magnetized, and reach saturation at around 1.0 kOe, even in a perpendicular direction to the array film plane that corresponds to the long-axis direction of the alloy nanowires

Laminar and Dorsoventral Molecular Organization of the Medial Entorhinal Cortex Revealed by Large-scale Anatomical Analysis of Gene Expression

Neural circuits in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) encode an animal's position and orientation in space. Within the MEC spatial representations, including grid and directional firing fields, have a laminar and dorsoventral organization that corresponds to a similar topography of neuronal connectivity and cellular properties. Yet, in part due to the challenges of integrating anatomical data at the resolution of cortical layers and borders, we know little about the molecular components underlying this organization. To address this we develop a new computational pipeline for high-throughput analysis and comparison of in situ hybridization (ISH) images at laminar resolution. We apply this pipeline to ISH data for over 16,000 genes in the Allen Brain Atlas and validate our analysis with RNA sequencing of MEC tissue from adult mice. We find that differential gene expression delineates the borders of the MEC with neighboring brain structures and reveals its laminar and dorsoventral organization. We propose a new molecular basis for distinguishing the deep layers of the MEC and show that their similarity to corresponding layers of neocortex is greater than that of superficial layers. Our analysis identifies ion channel-, cell adhesion- and synapse-related genes as candidates for functional differentiation of MEC layers and for encoding of spatial information at different scales along the dorsoventral axis of the MEC. We also reveal laminar organization of genes related to disease pathology and suggest that a high metabolic demand predisposes layer II to neurodegenerative pathology. In principle, our computational pipeline can be applied to high-throughput analysis of many forms of neuroanatomical data. Our results support the hypothesis that differences in gene expression contribute to functional specialization of superficial layers of the MEC and dorsoventral organization of the scale of spatial representations

Algicidal bacteria isolated from the surface of seaweeds from the coast of Osaka Bay in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Algicidal bacteria offer a promising tool for the preventionof red tides, because they are able to play a key role in terminating blooms in coastal areas. This study details the detection of vast numbers of algicidal bacteria attached to the surface of seaweeds such as Ulvasp. and Gelidium sp. (of the order of 106 cells g–1 wet weight in some cases). Algicidal bacteria were isolated from Ulva sp. and Gelidium sp. from the coast of Osaka Bay from April to September 1999, and their algicidal properties were assessed using the prey microalgae Karenia mikimotoi, Heterosigma akashiwo, Fibrocapsa japonica and Chattonella antiqua. K. mikimotoi was the red tide species most susceptible to the algicidal bacteria isolated from seaweeds. Sequence analyses ofthe 16S rDNA gene revealed that these algicidal bacteria belonged to the genera Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, Cytophaga, Cellulophaga and Octadecabacter, and the family Rhodobacteraceae. Algicidal properties of five of 10 strains of bacteria isolated from seaweeds, belonging to the genera Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas and Cytophaga, have beenpreviously reported in coastal red tide areas. It is therefore possible that seaweed beds play a significant role as providers of algicidal bacteria in preventing red tides to coastal waters

Magnetic Property of Electrodeposited Ni-W, Ni-Mo and Ni-Cr Alloys

Ni-W, Ni-Mo and Ni-Cr nano-crystalline alloys have been electrochemically fabricated from aqueous solution. With increasing in W, Mo and Cr content in deposit, the crystal grain size decreased and the lattice constant increased. The deposited alloys composed of nano-crystalline γ solid solution, which was thermodynamically non-equilibrium phase. With increase in W, Mo and Cr content in deposit, magnetic coercive force of the alloy decreased down to around 10 Oe.ナノダイナミクス国際シンポジウム 平成20年1月66日(木) 於長崎大学Nagasaki Symposium on Nano-Dynamics 2009 (NSND2009), January 27, 2042, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Poster Presentatio