38,960 research outputs found
Colliders and Brane Vector Phenomenology
Brane world oscillations manifest themselves as massive vector gauge fields.
Their coupling to the Standard Model is deduced using the method of nonlinear
realizations of the spontaneously broken higher dimensional space-time
symmetries. Brane vectors are stable and weakly interacting, and therefore
escape particle detectors unnoticed. LEP and Tevatron data on the production of
a single photon in conjunction with missing energy are used to delineate
experimentally excluded regions of brane vector parameter space. The additional
region of parameter space accessible to the LHC as well as a future lepton
linear collider is also determined by means of this process.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figure
Superconformal Symmetry, The Supercurrent And Non-BPS Brane Dynamics
The Noether currents associated with the non-linearly realized
super-Poincare' symmetries of the Green-Schwarz (Nambu-Goto-Akulov-Volkov)
action for a non-BPS p=2 brane embedded in a N=1, D=4 target superspace are
constructed. The R symmetry current, the supersymmetry currents, the
energy-momentum tensor and the scalar central charge current are shown to be
components of a world volume supercurrent. The centrally extended
superconformal transformations are realized on the Nambu-Goldstone boson and
fermion fields of the non-BPS brane. The superconformal currents form
supersymmetry multiplets with the world volume conformal central charge current
and special conformal current being the primary components of the supersymmetry
multiplets containing all the currents. Correspondingly the superconformal
symmetry breaking terms form supersymmetry multiplets the components of which
are obtainable as supersymmetry transformations of the primary currents'
symmetry breaking terms.Comment: 27 pages, LaTeX, Summary Tables Adde
Measurement of vertical velocity using clear-air Doppler radars
A new clear air Doppler radar was constructed, called the Flatland radar, in very flat terrain near Champaign-Urbana, Illinois. The radar wavelength is 6.02 m. The radar has been measuring vertical velocity every 153 s with a range resolution of 750 m almost continuously since March 2, 1987. The variance of vertical velocity at Flatland is usually quite small, comparable to the variance at radars located near rough terrain during periods of small background wind. The absence of orographic effects over very flat terrain suggests that clear air Doppler radars can be used to study vertical velocities due to other processes, including synoptic scale motions and propagating gravity waves. For example, near rough terrain the shape of frequency spectra changes drastically as the background wind increases. But at Flatland the shape at periods shorter than a few hours changes only slowly, consistent with the changes predicted by Doppler shifting of gravity wave spectra. Thus it appears that the short period fluctuations of vertical velocity at Flatland are alsmost entirely due to the propagating gravity waves
Rhodium(II)-catalyzed stereocontrolled synthesis of dihydrofuran-3-imines from 1-Tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles
Rhodium(II) acetate catalyzes the denitrogenative transformation of 5-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles with pendent allyl and propargyl ether motifs to oxonium ylides that undergo [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement to give substituted dihydrofuran-3-imines in high yield and diastereoselectivity
Spectroscopy of a Cooper-Pair box in the Autler-Townes configuration
A theoretical spectroscopic analysis of a microwave driven superconducting
charge qubit (Cooper-pair box coupled) to an RLC oscillator model is performed.
By treating the oscillator as a probe through the backreaction effect of the
qubit on the oscillator circuit, we extract frequency splitting features
analogous to the Autler-Townes effect from quantum optics, thereby extending
the analogies between superconducting and quantum optical phenomenology. These
features are found in a frequency band that avoids the need for high frequency
measurement systems and therefore may be of use in qubit characterization and
coupling schemes. In addition we find this frequency band can be adjusted to
suit an experimental frequency regime by changing the oscillator frequency.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures. v2: Revised version after referee comments.
Accepted for publication by Physical Review
A Brownian particle in a microscopic periodic potential
We study a model for a massive test particle in a microscopic periodic
potential and interacting with a reservoir of light particles. In the regime
considered, the fluctuations in the test particle's momentum resulting from
collisions typically outweigh the shifts in momentum generated by the periodic
force, and so the force is effectively a perturbative contribution. The
mathematical starting point is an idealized reduced dynamics for the test
particle given by a linear Boltzmann equation. In the limit that the mass ratio
of a single reservoir particle to the test particle tends to zero, we show that
there is convergence to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process under the standard
normalizations for the test particle variables. Our analysis is primarily
directed towards bounding the perturbative effect of the periodic potential on
the particle's momentum.Comment: 60 pages. We reorganized the article and made a few simplifications
of the conten
Theory of Ultracold Superstrings
The combination of a vortex line in a one-dimensional optical lattice with
fermions bound to the vortex core makes up an ultracold superstring. We give a
detailed derivation of the way to make this supersymmetric string in the
laboratory. In particular, we discuss the presence of a fermionic bound state
in the vortex core and the tuning of the laser beams needed to achieve
supersymmetry. Moreover, we discuss experimental consequences of supersymmetry
and identify the precise supersymmetry in the problem. Finally, we make the
mathematical connection with string theory.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, important factor 2 corrected, accepted for
publication in PR
On dynamical mass generation in three dimensional supersymmetric U(1) gauge field theory
We investigate and contrast the non-perturbative infra red structure of N=1
and N=2 supersymmetric non-compact U(1) gauge field theory in three space-time
dimensions with N matter flavours. We study the Dyson-Schwinger equations in a
general gauge using superfield formalism; this ensures that supersymmetry is
kept manifest, though leads to spurious infra red divergences which we have to
avoid carefully. In the N=1 case the superfield formalism allows us to choose a
vertex which satisfies the U(1) Ward identity exactly, and we find the expected
critical behaviour in the wavefunction renormalization and strong evidence for
the existence of a gauge independent dynamically generated mass, but with no
evidence for a critical flavour number. We study the N=2 model by dimensional
reduction from four dimensional N=1 electrodynamics, and we refine the old
gauge dependence argument that there is no dynamical mass generation. We
recognize that the refinement only holds after dimensional reduction.Comment: 32 pages RevTeX; 3 axodraw figures include
Pinch Resonances in a Radio Frequency Driven SQUID Ring-Resonator System
In this paper we present experimental data on the frequency domain response
of a SQUID ring (a Josephson weak link enclosed by a thick superconducting
ring) coupled to a radio frequency (rf) tank circuit resonator. We show that
with the ring weakly hysteretic the resonance lineshape of this coupled system
can display opposed fold bifurcations that appear to touch (pinch off). We
demonstrate that for appropriate circuit parameters these pinch off lineshapes
exist as solutions of the non-linear equations of motion for the system.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, Uploaded as implementing a policy of arXiving old
paper
Non-BPS Brane Dynamics And Dual Tensor Gauge Theory
The action for the long wavelength oscillations of a non-BPS p=3 brane
embedded in N=1, D=5 superspace is determined by means of the coset method. The
D=4 world volume Nambu-Goldstone boson of broken translation invariance and the
two D=4 world volume Weyl spinor Goldstinos of the completely broken
supersymmetry describe the excitations of the brane into the broken space and
superspace directions. The resulting action is an invariant synthesis of the
Akulov-Volkov and Nambu-Goto actions. The D=4 antisymmetric tensor gauge theory
action dual to the p=3 brane action is determined.Comment: 15 pages, no figure
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