Going Green: Challenges Hindering Adoption of Green Practices in Hospitals

Hospitals are considered as a significant source of infection and contamination. They generate large quantity of waste while providing service to the patients. In order to address various environmental challenges caused by the hospitals they have adopted green hospital concept. The concept of going green in the healthcare sector comprise various risk elements. While enhancing environmental commitment the major factors to deal with are energy, cost and waste. Going green is not an easy task for hospitals. The hospitals are taking various measures to prevent environmental hazards but they are not enough to prevent environmental damages caused by them. This study aims to identify various challenges faced by hospitals in going green. The findings will be beneficial for framing guidelines for increasing the adoption of green practices in hospitals

NORKA for the Welfare of migrants and return migrants: An Assessment

Migrants play a prominent role in the Kerala’s economic development and many of them have found greener pastures abroad. Their remittance to Kerala is one of the major components of state Gross Domestic Product. Due to various economic changes many of the migrants are returning to their home country. This will have a negative impact on Kerala’s economy like unemployment, family financial issues, decrease in migrant remittance etc. So, the government should take care of the migrants and the return migrants. For the welfare of migrants and returnees the government of Kerala established Non-Resident Keralites Affairs Department. The aim of the study is to analyse various schemes initiated by government through Non-Resident Keralites Affairs Department for the migrants and return migrants in Kerala

Integrated Curriculum: Its Use, Initiation and Support in Midwestern Schools

Survey data based on a random stratified sample of 400 schools were utilized to compare schools that use integrated, interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary curriculum (IC) with those that do not (No IC). This study explores the extent and type of use of JC, how school principals rate IC success, and differences between IC and NoIC schools in terms of their characteristics, and teacher involvement and support across different school levels. Selected data tables and analyses are presented and discussed

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Industri Kecil Olahan Ikan di Kota Manado

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh modal kerja, bahan baku, tenaga kerja serta pasar terhadap produksi industri kecil olahan ikan di Kota Manado. Metode pengolahan data adalah analisis kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada pengusaha industri kecil olahan ikan di Kota Manado. Jumlah responden adalah 30 orang. Alat analisis penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dengan teknik ordinary least squares.Produksi industri kecil (PIK) penting dalam peningkatan perekonomian suatu daerah di Indonesia. Produksi industri kecil yang tinggi menandakan terjadinya efisiensi dari industri yang melakukan proses manufaktur input, proses dan output sumber-sumber daya yang ada. Hal ini mengandung implikasi agar dapat dilakukan peningkatan secara bersama-sama dari keempat faktor tadi agar produksi industri kecil olahan ikan di Kota Manado dapat terus meningkat. Kata

Use of external evidence for design and Bayesian analysis of clinical trials:a qualitative study of trialists’ views

Abstract Background Evidence from previous studies is often used relatively informally in the design of clinical trials: for example, a systematic review to indicate whether a gap in the current evidence base justifies a new trial. External evidence can be used more formally in both trial design and analysis, by explicitly incorporating a synthesis of it in a Bayesian framework. However, it is unclear how common this is in practice or the extent to which it is considered controversial. In this qualitative study, we explored attitudes towards, and experiences of, trialists in incorporating synthesised external evidence through the Bayesian design or analysis of a trial. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 trialists: 13 statisticians and three clinicians. Participants were recruited across several universities and trials units in the United Kingdom using snowball and purposeful sampling. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and techniques of constant comparison. Results Trialists used existing evidence in many ways in trial design, for example, to justify a gap in the evidence base and inform parameters in sample size calculations. However, no one in our sample reported using such evidence in a Bayesian framework. Participants tended to equate Bayesian analysis with the incorporation of prior information on the intervention effect and were less aware of the potential to incorporate data on other parameters. When introduced to the concepts, many trialists felt they could be making more use of existing data to inform the design and analysis of a trial in particular scenarios. For example, some felt existing data could be used more formally to inform background adverse event rates, rather than relying on clinical opinion as to whether there are potential safety concerns. However, several barriers to implementing these methods in practice were identified, including concerns about the relevance of external data, acceptability of Bayesian methods, lack of confidence in Bayesian methods and software, and practical issues, such as difficulties accessing relevant data. Conclusions Despite trialists recognising that more formal use of external evidence could be advantageous over current approaches in some areas and useful as sensitivity analyses, there are still barriers to such use in practice

Dynamical Properties of Molecular-forming Gas Clumps in Galaxies at the Epoch of Reionization

We study the properties of molecular-forming gas clumps (MGCs) at the epoch of reionization using cosmological zoom-in simulations. We identify MGCs in a z=6 prototypical galaxy ("Althaea") using an H2 density-based clump finder. We compare their mass, size, velocity dispersion, gas surface density, and virial parameter (alpha_vir) to observations. In Althaea, the typical MGC mass and size are Mgas=10^6.5 Msun and R=45-100 pc, which are comparable to those found in nearby spirals and starburst galaxies. MGCs are highly supersonic and supported by turbulence, with rms velocity dispersions of sigma_gas=20-100 km s^-1 and pressure of P/k_B=10^7.6 K cm^-3 (i.e., >1000x with respect to the Milky Way), similar to those found in nearby and z~2 gas-rich starburst galaxies. In addition, we perform stability analysis to understand the origin and dynamical properties of MGCs. We find that MGCs are globally stable in the main disk of Althaea. Densest regions where star formation is expected to take place in clouds and cores on even smaller scales instead have lower alpha_vir and Toomre-Q values. Detailed studies of the star-forming gas dynamics at the epoch of reionization thus require a spatial resolution of <40 pc (=0.01"), which is within reach with the Atacama Large (sub-)Millimeter Array and the Next Generation Very Large Array.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, ApJ accepte