Effects of Different Production Systems on the Nutrient Density of Beef

As concerns regarding beef production systems on human health and animal welfare become more apparent, consumer interest in pasture-raised livestock has been steadily on the rise in the US. Such interest has increasingly led to questions about potential nutritional composition differences in beef from different production systems, such as grass-fed beef and grain-fed beef. The goal of this work was to conduct untargeted metabolomics analysis on a broad range of samples from the US beef supply chain to provide insight into how different finishing systems impact the beef metabolome and nutrient density. Here, we found that 191 out of 802 profiled compounds were different between grass-fed and grain-fed ribeye steaks (all, p \u3c 0.05), with phytochemicals, vitamins, lipid, and amino acid metabolites emerging as the most discriminatory metabolite classes. On average, phytochemicals were 1.7-fold higher in grass-fed beef compared to grain-fed beef (p \u3c 0.05) with considerable variation (4.4-fold) amongst individual farms, particularly within grass-fed beef systems. Alpha-tocopherol was 2-fold elevated in grass-fed beef, while nicotinamide was 1.3-fold elevated in grain-fed beef, respectively (p \u3c 0.05). We also observed that 4- hydroxy-nonenal-glutathione, a common marker of oxidative stress, was 2.7-fold elevated in grain-fed beef samples (p \u3c 0.05), with a 20-fold variation across individual farms. Future work will identify the source(s) of variation and best practices in beef systems to improve beef nutrient density and animal metabolic health

The Vehicle, Fall 2008

Table of Contents DwIFoFErREINdTPhilip Gallagherpage 17 LeftoversAmanda Vealepage 18 the bogGrace Lawrencepage 19 Visitor\u27s Morning on EarthSteven T. Coxpage 20 The Moon Man Philip Gallagherpage 21 SearchingsAmanda Vealepage 23 Becoming WiseAmanda Vealepage 24 PerennialsAmanda Vealepage 26 SoldierMary Lieskepage 27 Desecration of a RelicAmanda Vealepage 29 New LifeJennifer O\u27Neilpage 30 GardenerKrystina Levyapage 43 The Reasons WhyMary Lieskepage 44 Dining at the MortuaryAmanda Vealepage 45 Poetry Hop Scotch BehopJake Dawsonpage 1 Empty RoomAmanda Vealepage 2 Mantis (from memory) Muddy ShoesGina Marie LoBiancopage 3 MEMOSamuel Clowardpage 5 MathMary Lieskepage 7 To a Little Black GirlJustin Sudkamppage 8 Government OfficeSamuel Clowardpage 9 FirstKellen Fasnachtpage 10 Seeing Artichoke, Call MeAmanda Vealepage 11 TrumpetSarah Fairchildpage 12 That\u27s the StuffJake Dawsonpage 13 Your Hair is ThinningAmanda Vealepage 15 UnableDonica Millerpage 16 Dance PartnersSamantha Sauerpage 32 I StillMegan Mathypage 33 IncandescenceSarah Fairchildpage 34 Stone CraneBrendan Hughespage 35 The Road TakenSamantha Sauerpage 36 YouMegan Mathypage 37 Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Zhangjiajie, ChinaBrendan Hughespage 38 Spotlight on 2008 Chapbook LessonsGlen Davispage 62 Interview with Glen DavisRebecca Griffithpage 64 Contributorspage 69 Submission Guidelines/Reading Event Blues Mad FoolJake Dawsonpage 47 Good WomanJake Dawsonpage 49 Good ManJake Dawsonpage 51 And I Miss YouDonica Millerpage 53 Entropy of Your ShirtAmanda Vealepage 56 Mavericks Philip Gallagherpage 57 Untitled [It\u27s 10:15 p.m....]Philip Gallagherpage 59 Prose A Birdhouse for GrandpaLeslie Hancockpage 39 MotivationMary Lieskepage 55 Art Forgotten GardenBrendan Hughescovers BeMegan Mathypage 31https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1088/thumbnail.jp

Constructing meaning about the delinquency of young girls in public-housing neighbourhoods

UID/SOC/04647/2013 SFRH/BPD/116119/2016Rooted in the theoretical approaches of social ecology and in childhood studies, the Ph.D. research project on which this paper is based aimed to achieve a better understanding of children’s socialization processes in multi-problematic spaces, particularly concerning their involvement in violence and delinquency. A case study based on ethnographic research and child-centred methods was carried out in six public-housing neighbourhoods in Portugal, which were chosen because they had relatively high levels of social deprivation, violence and crime. The specificity of the social group under study—children aged from 6 to 12 years old—and their living conditions, led us to extend the data collected by trying to learn, from the girls, the reasoning and the meanings they assign to their own actions in daily social practices. The intention was to study the features of girls’ socialization in the field through their own accounts of their lives and to examine their perspectives on offending behaviours. The genderized process of social learning in delinquency identified in the girls’ conversation is an important variable, as familial and social experiences tend to facilitate their entry into delinquency. The transmission of delinquent values takes place essentially within the female family circle or via female peers, rather than from the influence of male individuals.authorsversionpublishe

Single-level anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion using PEEK anatomical cervical cage and allograft bone

BACKGROUND: In an effort to avoid the morbidity associated with autogenous bone graft harvesting, cervical cages in combination with allograft bone are used to achieve fusion. The goal of the current study was to assess the reliability and efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF) using a PEEK anatomical cervical cage in the treatment of patients affected by single-level cervical degenerative disease. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-five patients affected by single-level cervical degenerative pathology between C4 and C7 were enrolled in this study. The clinical findings were assessed using the Neck Disability Index and the Visual Analog Scale. Surgical outcomes were rated according to Odom's criteria at last follow-up. Fusion was graded as poor, average, good or excellent by assessing the radiographs. Cervical spine alignment was evaluated by sagittal segmental alignment and sagittal alignment of the whole cervical spine preoperatively, 6 months postoperatively and at the last follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients underwent ACDF using a PEEK anatomical cervical cage. All patients had a minimum 2 years of follow-up. The operative levels were C4-C5 in 5 patients, C5-C6 in 12 patients and C6-C7 in 8 patients. Preoperatively, average NDI was 34, 13 at 6 months, and 10 at latest follow-up. The mean preoperative VAS was 7; the mean postoperative VAS at latest follow-up was 3. Good or excellent fusion was achieved in all patients within 10 months (mean 5 months). Preoperatively, average sagittal segmental alignment (SSA) was 0.2\ub0 and average sagittal alignment of the cervical spine (SACS) 15.8\ub0. Six months after surgery, average SSA was 1.8\ub0 and average SACS 20.9\ub0, and at last follow-up, average SSA was 1.6\ub0 and average SACS 18.5\ub0. CONCLUSION: Anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion using PEEK anatomical cervical cages can be considered a safe and effective technique to cure cervical disc herniation with intractable pain or neural deficit in cases where conservative treatment failed

New Foundations: Pseudo-pacification and special liberty as potential cornerstones of a multi-level theory of homicide and serial murder

Over the past 30 years the industrialized West has witnessed a move towards space, heterogeneity and subjectivity in the criminological study of violence and homicide. Although large-scale quantitative studies of the temporal and spatial distribution of homicide continue to provide a broad empirical context, aetiological explanations tend to be based on analyses of the heterogeneous psychological interactions and experiences of individual subjects at the micro-level. However, mid-range studies of the temporal and spatial distribution of perpetrators and victims of homicide between unrelated adults have provided a useful link between the micro- and macro-levels. Focusing primarily on British homicide and serial murder, this article attempts to strengthen this link by combining contemporary micro-analyses of the subjective motives of perpetrators with mid-range analyses of space, which can therefore be seen as part of the structural tradition of theorizing about homicide and serial murder. Placing these analyses in a broad underlying context constituted by major historical shifts in political economy and the cultural forms of ‘pseudo-pacification’ and ‘special liberty’ will lay the initial cornerstones for an integrated multi-level theory. © The Author(s) 2014

A qualitative reading of the ecological (dis)organisation of criminal associations. The case of the ?Famiglia Basilischi? in Italy

This paper combines the theoretical foundations of organisational ecology - one of the most important approaches in economic sociology - with classic criminological theories to interpret the birth, evolution and death of criminal associations. This mixed approach will support the interpretation of organised crime groups as phenomena strictly linked to the environment as well as to other competitors in criminal markets. This paper analyses the birth, evolution and death of a criminal association in Basilicata, Southern Italy, known as the ?Famiglia Basilischi?. The case is exemplary of how ecological conditions affect the success or failure of a newly formed criminal association. These conditions can therefore be indicators to interpret organised criminal activities in similar environments

Health Outcomes of Gastric Bypass Patients Compared to Nonsurgical, Nonintervened Severely Obese

Favorable health outcomes at 2 years postbariatric surgery have been reported. With exception of the Swedish Obesity Subjects (SOS) study, these studies have been surgical case series, comparison of surgery types, or surgery patients compared to subjects enrolled in planned nonsurgical intervention. This study measured gastric bypass effectiveness when compared to two separate severely obese groups not participating in designed weight-loss intervention. Three groups of severely obese subjects (N = 1,156, BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) were studied: gastric bypass subjects (n = 420), subjects seeking gastric bypass but did not have surgery (n = 415), and population-based subjects not seeking surgery (n = 321). Participants were studied at baseline and 2 years. Quantitative outcome measures as well as prevalence, incidence, and resolution rates of categorical health outcome variables were determined. All quantitative variables (BMI, blood pressure, lipids, diabetes-related variables, resting metabolic rate (RMR), sleep apnea, and health-related quality of life) improved significantly in the gastric bypass group compared with each comparative group (all P < 0.0001, except for diastolic blood pressure and the short form (SF-36) health survey mental component score at P < 0.01). Diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension resolved much more frequently in the gastric bypass group than in the comparative groups (all P < 0.001). In the surgical group, beneficial changes of almost all quantitative variables correlated significantly with the decrease in BMI. We conclude that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery when compared to severely obese groups not enrolled in planned weight-loss intervention was highly effective for weight loss, improved health-related quality of life, and resolution of major obesity-associated complications measured at 2 years