Validation of the inverted adsorption structure for free-base tetraphenyl porphyrin on Cu(111)

Utilising normal incidence X-ray standing waves we rigourously scrutinise the “inverted model” as the adsorption structure of free-base tetraphenyl porphyrin on Cu(111). We demonstrate that the iminic N atoms are anchored at near-bridge adsorption sites on the surface displaced laterally by 1.1 ± 0.2 Å in excellent agreement with previously published calculations

Does F₄TCNQ Adsorption on Cu(111) Form a 2D-MOF?

The results of a quantitative experimental structural investigation of the adsorption phases formed by 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7′,8,8′-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) on Cu(111) are reported. A particular objective was to establish whether Cu adatoms are incorporated into the molecular overlayer. A combination of normal incidence X-ray standing waves, low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, complemented by dispersion-inclusive density functional theory calculations, demonstrates that F4TCNQ on Cu(111) does cause Cu adatoms to be incorporated into the overlayer to form a two-dimensional metal–organic framework (2D-MOF). This conclusion is shown to be consistent with the behavior of F4TCNQ adsorption on other coinage metal surfaces, despite an earlier report concluding that the adsorption structure on Cu(111) is consistent with the absence of any substrate reconstruction

Ruling out acute coronary syndrome in primary care with a clinical decision rule and a capillary, high-sensitive troponin I point of care test: study protocol of a diagnostic RCT in the Netherlands (POB HELP)

Introduction Chest pain is a common reason for consultation in primary care. To rule out acute coronary syndrome (ACS), general practitioners (GP) refer 40%–70% of patients with chest pain to the emergency department (ED). Only 10%–20% of those referred, are diagnosed with ACS. A clinical decision rule, including a high-sensitive cardiac troponin-I point-of-care test (hs-cTnI-POCT), may safely rule out ACS in primary care. Being able to safely rule out ACS at the GP level reduces referrals and thereby alleviates the burden on the ED. Moreover, prompt feedback to the patients may reduce anxiety and stress.Methods and analysis The POB HELP study is a clustered randomised controlled diagnostic trial investigating the (cost-)effectiveness and diagnostic accuracy of a primary care decision rule for acute chest pain, consisting of the Marburg Heart Score combined with a hs-cTnI-POCT (limit of detection 1.6 ng/L, 99th percentile 23 ng/L, cut-off value between negative and positive used in this study 3.8 ng/L). General practices are 2:1 randomised to the intervention group (clinical decision rule) or control group (regular care). In total 1500 patients with acute chest pain are planned to be included by GPs in three regions in The Netherlands. Primary endpoints are the number of hospital referrals and the diagnostic accuracy of the decision rule 24 hours, 6 weeks and 6 months after inclusion.Ethics and dissemination The medical ethics committee Leiden-Den Haag-Delft (the Netherlands) has approved this trial. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participating patients. The results of this trial will be disseminated in one main paper and additional papers on secondary endpoints and subgroup analyses.Trial registration numbers NL9525 and NCT05827237