9,763 research outputs found
Observation of Scaling Violations in Scaled Momentum Distributions at HERA
Charged particle production has been measured in deep inelastic scattering
(DIS) events over a large range of and using the ZEUS detector. The
evolution of the scaled momentum, , with in the range 10 to 1280
, has been investigated in the current fragmentation region of the Breit
frame. The results show clear evidence, in a single experiment, for scaling
violations in scaled momenta as a function of .Comment: 21 pages including 4 figures, to be published in Physics Letters B.
Two references adde
B Cells Regulate Neutrophilia during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and BCG Vaccination by Modulating the Interleukin-17 Response
We have previously demonstrated that B cells can shape the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including the level of neutrophil infiltration and granulomatous inflammation at the site of infection. The present study examined the mechanisms by which B cells regulate the host neutrophilic response upon exposure to mycobacteria and how neutrophilia may influence vaccine efficacy. To address these questions, a murine aerosol infection tuberculosis (TB) model and an intradermal (ID) ear BCG immunization mouse model, involving both the μMT strain and B cell-depleted C57BL/6 mice, were used. IL (interleukin)-17 neutralization and neutrophil depletion experiments using these systems provide evidence that B cells can regulate neutrophilia by modulating the IL-17 response during M. tuberculosis infection and BCG immunization. Exuberant neutrophilia at the site of immunization in B cell-deficient mice adversely affects dendritic cell (DC) migration to the draining lymph nodes and attenuates the development of the vaccine-induced Th1 response. The results suggest that B cells are required for the development of optimal protective anti-TB immunity upon BCG vaccination by regulating the IL-17/neutrophilic response. Administration of sera derived from M. tuberculosis-infected C57BL/6 wild-type mice reverses the lung neutrophilia phenotype in tuberculous μMT mice. Together, these observations provide insight into the mechanisms by which B cells and humoral immunity modulate vaccine-induced Th1 response and regulate neutrophila during M. tuberculosis infection and BCG immunization. © 2013 Kozakiewicz et al
Enhanced longitudinal mode spacing in blue-violet InGaN semiconductor laser
A novel explanation of observed enhanced longitudinal mode spacing in InGaN
semiconductor lasers has been proposed. It has been demonstrated that e-h
plasma oscillations, which can exist in the laser active layer at certain
driving conditions, are responsible for mode clustering effect. The resonant
excitation of the plasma oscillations occurs due to longitudinal mode beating.
The separation of mode clusters is typically by an order of magnitude larger
that the individual mode spacing.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figure
Quasi-one dimensional fluids that exhibit higher dimensional behavior
Fluids confined within narrow channels exhibit a variety of phases and phase
transitions associated with their reduced dimensionality. In this review paper,
we illustrate the crossover from quasi-one dimensional to higher effective
dimensionality behavior of fluids adsorbed within different carbon nanotubes
geometries. In the single nanotube geometry, no phase transitions can occur at
finite temperature. Instead, we identify a crossover from a quasi-one
dimensional to a two dimensional behavior of the adsorbate. In bundles of
nanotubes, phase transitions at finite temperature arise from the transverse
coupling of interactions between channels.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, presented at CMT3
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