Fertility Traits of Holstein Cows Raised at Sarımsaklı State Farm

Araştırma, Sarımsaklı Tarım İşletmesinde yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca sığırların bazı döl verim özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın materyalini bu işletmede yetiştirilen 764 baş Siyah Alaca ineğin 1983-2003 yılları arasındaki döl verim kayıtları oluşturmuştur. Yılın, İlkine Damızlıkta Kullanma Yaşı(İDKY), İlk Buzağılama Yaşı(İBY) ve Buzağılama Aralığı(BA) üzerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur(P0.05). Laktasyon Sırası (LS) ve İBY’ nın BA üzerine etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur(P>0.05). İlkine Damızlıkta Kullanma Yaşı (İDKY)’ nın İBY üzerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur(P0,05). Effects of Lactation Length (LL) and FCA on CI was not significant(P>0.05). Effect of FBA on FCA was significant(P<0,01). Overall means for FBA, FCA and CI were found as; 18,98 ± 2,73 month, 28,15 ± 2,50 month and 407,07 ± 78,59 day, respectively

Effects of kefir on coccidial oocysts excretion and performance of dairy goat kids following weaning

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of kefir, a traditional source of probiotic, on coccidial oocysts excretion and on the performance of dairy goat kids following weaning. Twin kids were randomly allocated to one of two groups at weaning. Kids of the first group received 20 ml of kefir daily for 6 weeks (KEF), while kids in the control group were given a placebo (CON). Individual faecal samples were regularly (n = 18 per kid) taken to quantify the number of coccidial oocysts per gram of faeces (OpG). There were no differences between the groups in terms of body weight development (P > 0.05) and feed consumption. Kids of both groups were not able to consume enough feed to meet their nutrient requirements during the first 3 weeks following weaning. KEF had a lower frequency of OpG positive samples than CON (P = 0.043). Kefir did not affect the maximum oocyst excretion and age of the kids at the highest oocyst excretion (P > 0.05). KEF shed numerically 35% lower coccidial oocysts than the controls, which corresponded to a statistical tendency (P = 0.074) in lowering Log-OpG in comparison to CON. While KEF had a lower frequency of OpG positive samples and tended to shed lower OPG by around one-third, the frequency of diarrhea, level of highest oocyst excretion, and performance of the kids remained unaffected. Therefore, it is concluded that overall effects of kefir do not have a significant impact on sub-clinical infection and performance in weaned kids under relatively high-hygienic farming conditions

Evaluation of patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: Preliminary results from the Turk-UIP study

OBJECTIVE: Differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is important among fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILD). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of IPF in patients with fibrotic ILD and to determine the clinical-laboratory features of patients with and without IPF that would provide the differential diagnosis of IPF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included the patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern or possible UIP pattern on thorax high-resolution computed tomography, and/or UIP pattern, probable UIP or possible UIP pattern at lung biopsy according to the 2011 ATS/ERSARS/ALAT guidelines. Demographics and clinical and radiological data of the patients were recorded. All data recorded by researchers was evaluated by radiology and the clinical decision board. RESULTS: A total of 336 patients (253 men, 83 women, age 65.8 +/- 9.0 years) were evaluated. Of the patients with sufficient data for diag-nosis (n=300), the diagnosis was IPF in 121 (40.3%), unclassified idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in 50 (16.7%), combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) in 40 (13.3%), and lung involvement of connective tissue disease (CTD) in 16 (5.3%). When 29 patients with definite IPF features were added to the patients with CPFE, the total number of IPF patients reached 150 (50%). Rate of male sex (p<0.001), smoking history (p<0.001), and the presence of clubbing (p=0.001) were significantly high in patients with IPE None of the women <50 years and none of the men <50 years of age without a smoking history were diagnosed with IPE Presence of at least 1 of the symptoms suggestive of CTD, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and antinuclear antibody (FANA) positivity rates were significantly higher in the non-IPF group (p<0.001, p=0.029, p=0.009, respectively). CONCLUSION: The rate of IPF among patients with fibrotic ILD was 50%. In the differential diagnosis of IPF, sex, smoking habits, and the presence of clubbing are important. The presence of symptoms related to CTD, ESR elevation, and EANA positivity reduce the likelihood of IPF

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra–West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe

Comparison of Gökçeada, Maltese and Turkish Saanen Goat Genotypes for Reproduction Traits

Bu çalışmada farklı keçi genotiplerinde kızgınlık, gebelik, aşım performansı ve davranışları ile doğumdaki oğlak sayısı özelliklerinin karşılaştırmalı olarak irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Teknolojik ve Tarımsal Araştırma-Uygulama Merkezi’inde iki yıl süreyle yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, aşımda dişi bireylerin kur davranış indeksinde önemli bir farklılık görülmezken, Gökçeada tekeleri diğer genotiplerin tekelerinden önemli ölçüde daha düşük kur davranış indeksine ve ejekülasyonlu atlama sıklığına sahip olmuştur (P?0,05). Malta tekeleri Türk Saanen genotiplerine benzer kur indeksine ve ejekülasyonlu atlama sıklığına sahip olurken, önemli ölçüde daha az ejekülasyonsuz atlama gerçekleştirmişlerdir (P?0,05). İlkine kızgınlık ve teke altı doğum oranları sırasıyla Gökçeada %33 ve %25, Malta %65 ve %42, Türk Saanen genotipinde %96 ve %64 olarak gerçekleşmiştir (P<0,0001). Teke katımı ile ilk kızgınlık ve gebelik arası süre ikinci yılda tüm genotiplerde uzarken Gökçeada genotipi her iki yılda da diğer genotiplerden önemli ölçüde daha uzun sürelere ve daha düşük dönme oranına sahip olmuştur (P?0,05). Doğumdaki keçi başına oğlak sayısı Gökçeada ve Malta genotipinde ikinci yılda önemli ölçüde artarken (P?0,05), en yüksekten en düşüğe sırasıyla Malta (1,9; 2,4), Türk Saanen (1,9; 1,8) ve Gökçeada (1,6; 1,8) şeklinde gerçekleşmiştir.This study aimed at comparative investigation of estrus, pregnancy, mating performance, behaviors, and kid yield at birth in different goat genotypes. The study was carried out at the Technological and Agricultural Research Centre of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University for a period of two years. Although the courtship behavior index of females did not differ, the bucks of Gökçeada had lower courtship behavior index and jumping frequency with ejaculation than did other genotypes (P?0.05). Maltese bucks displayed courtship behavior index and mounting frequency with ejaculation similar to Turkish Saanen bucks, but had lower mounting frequency without ejaculation (P?0.05). First estrus and birth rates (buck under) were 33% and 25% for Gökçeada, 65% and 42% for Maltese and 96% and 64% for Turkish Saanen, respectively (P<0.0001). The period between buck introduction and first estrus or conception increased in all genotypes in the second year of the study. Gökçeada had longer periods and lower return rates in both years (P?0.05). Kid yield per goat at birth in the second year increased significantly in Gökçeada and Maltese genotypes and was found as Maltese (1.9; 2.4), Turkish Saanen (1.9; 1.8) and Gökçeada (1.6; 1.8) in the descending order

Pigeon and pigeon rearing in the turkish culture

Güvercinin evcilleştirilmesinin günümüzden 6.500 yıl önce olduğuna inanılmaktadır. Eski medeniyetler zamanında güvercin önemli bir haberleşme aracı idi. Mektupla haberleşme keşfedilene kadar güvercin eski medeniyetler için en önemli haberleşme aracı idi. Bu yüzden güvercin bazı kültür öğelerini etkilemiştir. Güvercinin Türk kültüründeki etkileri efsaneler, masallar, şiirler, türküler, maniler, bilmeceler, inanç ve günlük uygulamalarda, Alevi-Bektaşi geleneğinde ve Osmanlı İmparatorluğu saraylarında görülebilir. Güvercin günümüzde bir hobi olarak yetiştirilmesine rağmen, gelecekte Türk kültüründe daha etkili olabileceği söylenebilir. Bu derleme çalışmasında farklı kültür öğeleri dikkate alınarak güvercinin Türk kültüründeki önemi vurgulanmaya çalışılmıştırIt is believed that domestication of pigeons is about 6.500 years ago. Pigeon was an important animal in the history as communication tool for ancient civilizations. Until brief communication invented, pigeon was the most important communication tool for human. Because of this reason pigeon affected some culture figures. The effect of pigeon in Turkish culture can be seen in legends, tales, poems, songs and manis, riddles, believes and daily practices, Alawi-Bektashi tradition and in palaces of Ottoman Emperors. At the present time although pigeon is mainly breed for hobby, it can be said that it will more be affect the Turkish culture in the future. In this study importance of pigeon in Turkish culture was tried to stress by minding different culture components