Comfort properties and dyeing behaviour of cotton/milkweed blended rotor yarn fabrics

Milkweed (M) fibres have been blended with cotton (C) fibres at three different proportions and the rotor-spun yarn fabrics are produced. The comfort properties of 100% cotton and C/M blended fabrics are analysed. The fabrics have been dyed with two types of reactive dyes, namely CI Reactive Yellow 3RS and CI Reactive Red 120, and the colour strength and other calorimetric parameters of the dyeing are analysed. From the comfort properties of the fabrics, it is noticed that the air and water vapour permeabilities of C/M blended fabrics are lower than the 100% cotton fabric and decrease with the increase in milkweed proportion. The thermal conductivity of C/M blended fabrics is lower than 100% cotton fabric and decreases with the increase in milkweed proportion. The reduction in inter-yarn space and higher yarn hairiness leads to reduction in air, water and thermal conductivity values with the increase in milkweed proportion. The wickability of C/M blended fabrics increases with milkweed proportion due to the open yarn structure and hollowness of milkweed fibres. From the dyeing behaviour of fibres, it is observed that the colour strength of C/M 80/20 is higher than 100% cotton and it decreases with the further increase in milkweed blend proportion. The low cellulose percentage, higher crystalline orientation index of milkweed fibres compared to cotton results in lower colour strength values with milkweed percentage greater than 20%

Ergodicity for the 3D Stochastic Navier-Stokes Equations Perturbed by Lévy Noise

In this work we construct a Markov family of martingale solutions for 3D stochastic Navier–Stokes equations (SNSE) perturbed by Lévy noise with periodic boundary conditions. Using the Kolmogorov equations of integrodifferential type associated with the SNSE perturbed by Lévy noise, we construct a transition semigroup and establish the existence of a unique invariant measure. We also show that it is ergodic and strongly mixing. Abstract © Wiley

A database management system for selection of steel

Selection of an ideal material for a given application will be a relatively simple matter, if perfect or near perfect materials are available. Such a material will have high strength, high toughness, good ductility and good fabricability. These properties would not necessarily be compatible in an existing material. Compromises and trade-offs among various properties become inevitable. On the other hand, infinite number of possible materials in various forms and its usage are so intertwined in all industries that a person can have no real comprehension of the characteristics of all the materials. A computer assistance either in the form of a software or a database is therefore unavoidable. A database is developed to assist in the selection of steels for scientific and engineering applications. A program is written in Foxpro to identify the ideal steel based on its tensile strength, elongation, toughness and hardness. The program can select the suitable steels and can generate the forging temper-ature, heat treatment procedure, etc. The input data are obtained from various handbooks and textbooks. A Pentium-586 with FOXPRO is used to build the prototype database management system in DOS environment. Human interface with the system is enhanced by the user-friendly menus. The database can be made compatible easily to a wide variety of micro, mini and mainframe computers

Crystal structure of isobutyl 4-(2-chloro-phenyl)-5-cyano-6-{(E)-[(dimethylamino)-methylidene]amino}-2-methyl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate

The authors thank Dr Babu Varghese, Senior Scientific Officer SAIF, IIT Madras, India, for carrying out the data collection.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

r-2,c-6-Bis(4-methoxy­phenyl)-c-3,t-3-dimethyl-1-nitro­sopiperidin-4-one

In the title compound, C21H24N2O4, the piperidine ring adopts a distorted boat conformation. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯π inter­actions involving one of the methoxy­phenyl rings

An Asynchronous Low Power and High Performance VLSI Architecture for Viterbi Decoder Implemented with Quasi Delay Insensitive Templates

Convolutional codes are comprehensively used as Forward Error Correction (FEC) codes in digital communication systems. For decoding of convolutional codes at the receiver end, Viterbi decoder is often used to have high priority. This decoder meets the demand of high speed and low power. At present, the design of a competent system in Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) technology requires these VLSI parameters to be finely defined. The proposed asynchronous method focuses on reducing the power consumption of Viterbi decoder for various constraint lengths using asynchronous modules. The asynchronous designs are based on commonly used Quasi Delay Insensitive (QDI) templates, namely, Precharge Half Buffer (PCHB) and Weak Conditioned Half Buffer (WCHB). The functionality of the proposed asynchronous design is simulated and verified using Tanner Spice (TSPICE) in 0.25 µm, 65 nm, and 180 nm technologies of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacture Company (TSMC). The simulation result illustrates that the asynchronous design techniques have 25.21% of power reduction compared to synchronous design and work at a speed of 475 MHz

Comparison of medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pre and post study

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus refers to a group of heterogeneous disorders with the common elements of chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetes medications play a crucial role in lowering blood sugar levels. The study aims to compare medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from urban and rural areas during pre and post visit. Methods: This pre and post-study was conducted from March to August 2022. A total of 104 participants were enrolled. Details have been obtained through data collection form. Medication adherence was measured using Hill-Bone medication adherence scale, and patient education was provided through leaflet. Results: The study included 54 females and 50 males. The correlation between medication adherence versus disease knowledge and drug knowledge was found out using Pearson’s correlation and the result is statistically significant. The medication adherence was found to be increased by 17.3% and 21.2% in rural and urban areas respectively. Inadequate follow-up and financial barriers were most accounted for medication non-adherence. Conclusions: The majority of type 2 diabetes patients have suboptimal treatment adherence which is associated with poor blood sugar control. We clinical pharmacists can tackle this problem of adherence through quality patient education

Transparent ferromagnetic and semiconducting behavior in Fe-Dy-Tb based amorphous oxide films

We report a class of amorphous thin film material comprising of transition (Fe) and Lanthanide metals (Dy and Tb) that show unique combination of functional properties. Films were deposited with different atomic weight ratio (R) of Fe to Lanthanide (Dy + Tb) using electron beam co-evaporation at room temperature. The films were found to be amorphous, with grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies indicating that the films were largely oxidized with a majority of the metal being in higher oxidation states. Films with R = 0.6 were semiconducting with visible light transmission due to a direct optical band-gap (2.49 eV), had low resistivity and sheet resistance (7.15 × 10−4 Ω-cm and ~200 Ω/sq respectively), and showed room temperature ferromagnetism. A metal to semiconductor transition with composition (for R \u3c 11.9) also correlated well with the absence of any metallic Fe0oxidation state in the R = 0.6 case as well as a significantly higher fraction of oxidized Dy. The combination of amorphous microstructure and room temperature electronic and magnetic properties could lead to the use of the material in multiple applications, including as a transparent conductor, active material in thin film transistors for display devices, and in spin-dependent electronics