Higher acenes by on‐surfacedehydrogenation : from heptacene to undecacene

A unified approach to the synthesis of the series of higher acenes up to previously unreported undecacene has been developed through the on‐surface dehydrogenation of partially saturated precursors. These molecules could be converted into the parent acenes by both atomic manipulation with the tip of a scanning tunneling and atomic force microscope (STM/AFM) as well as by on‐surface annealing. The structure of the generated acenes has been visualized by high‐resolution non‐contact AFM imaging and the evolution of the transport gap with the increase of the number of fused benzene rings has been determined on the basis of scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements

Elasticity changes anti-correlate with NO production for human endothelial cells stimulated with TNF-α\alpha

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-$\alpha$) is a critical cytokine that is involved in systemic inflammatory response and contributes to the activation of the pro-inflammatory phenotype of the endothelium. In the present study, effects of TNF-$\alpha$ on morphology and elasticity of endothelium in relation to the production of NO and actin fiber reorganization were analyzed in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. The cells were incubated in MCDB medium solution and stimulated with 10ng/ml of TNF-$\alpha$. Atomic force microscopy measurements have enabled characterization of cell morphology and elastic properties in physiological conditions. The spectrophotometric Griess method was applied to estimate nitric oxide (NO) production of the cells. We demonstrated that TNF-$\alpha$-induced changes in elasticity of endothelium anti-correlate with NO production and are associated with the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton

Some effects of wind on ship’s manoeuvrability

All ships experience an air and wind resistance while under way of sea, and they may experience adverse effects on wind while manoeuvring in harbours and limited waterways. The wind resistance is proportional to relative wind speed squared, wind direction and the projected windage area of the ship. The paper describes the effect of wind pressure into the ship’s superstructures and houses on ship manoeuvrability, in the range of the wind speed, for the ship which is with the large windage area. The above is one of the recommended information to be included in the ship’s manoeuvring booklet, as per IMO Resolution A.601(15). In sea practice, the manoeuvring characteristics in wind, as wind forces and moments, course-keeping limitation, and drifting under wind influence are fare from these estimated. The results obtained during the several years of practice in ship’s exploitation are included in this paper

Stockholm agreement analysis for Ro-Ro passenger ships Navigating in the North European Waters and the Baltic Sea

This paper is an extension of work originally presented in 2019 EUROPEAN NAVIGATION CONFERENCE (ENC) [4]. The paper has described the important role of the Stockholm Agreement in safety of the Ro-Ro/Passenger ships in the north European waters. The present work describes the way in which we can improve the safety in strong chance of destruction of ship at sea. All results are generalized for a given group of ships. The specific construction of the RO-RO/ Passenger ships, being characterized by flat vehicle decks which are practically open, un-subdivided, and additional passenger accommodation space, with ramp fitted astern and in some cases in fore or side of the ship, giving access to cars, trucks and trailers, or specific trains which remain on board in their laden state, has resulted in international regulation requiring, amongst other things, strengthening the damage stability requirements for this type of ships. The more stringent damage stability criteria has been adopted on a regional basis by northern European countries as STOCKHOLM Agreement, in 1996. The paper concerns an analyze of damage stability calculations results in compliance with the STOCKHOLM Agreement, when the Ro-Ro/ Passenger ship is fully loaded, with maximum Deadweight (DWT) and maximum draught, or partly loaded, with reduced DWT, and occurs Minor or Major penetration of destroyed compartments

Comparative study of historic stained glass by LIBS and SEM/ED

Medieval stained glass windows from St. Mary's Church and Corpus Christi Basilica in Krakow (14th-16th century), as well as glass originating from several Polish historical buildings (18th-20th century) have been studied by means of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectrometer. The results are compared in order to obtain chemical composition of the samples and correlate them with the sample morphologies. Investigated glass samples can be divided into two groups: soda-lime-silicate glasses (modem glasses) and potash-lime-silicate glasses (historic glasses). Furthermore, the analysis of a stained glass sample of unknown dating acquired from a small Polish town, Grodziec, is presented. It is demonstrated that Grodziec stained glass has the characteristic potash-lime-silicate chemical composition, indicating that it belongs to the historic group of sample