The effect and accumulation of antibiotics and their residues in horticultural plants: a review

Antibiotics have been used in the agriculture in large quantities since they were discovered. In animal husbandry these compounds are used not only to do treatment for sick animals but for prevention of diseases and also for growth promotion. The extreme usage of these antibiotics led to increasing numbers of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Today it is a danger that is considered very seriously worldwide. In the European Union, the usage of antibiotics as growth promoter is forbidden since 2006, but according to different statistics collected by administration departments there are big differences in antibiotics usage among EU countries. The antibiotics that are used in animal husbandry get to the fields through the manure, where the plants will take them up and absorb them into their own tissues. There are only a few studies demonstrating the harmful effects of antibiotics in humans or animals, however, several experiments were conducted to prove the deleterious effects of antibiotics in plants. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of antibiotics and their residues in horticultural plants. The consumption of the raw or processed vegetables accumulating antibiotics and their metabolites may mean the highest risk on human health. The results of studies in this subject showed that the use of antibiotics must be continuously controlled in both human and animal applications. The information of farmers, producing or using manure on their fields, about the dangers of over expose of antibiotics could be one of the keys to reduce the danger of antibiotics in health

Choosing to be the minority

Race has taken a major role in the history of the United States ofAmerica. It has been transformed and redefined by each generation, bringing a new set of characteristics to take into consideration. Race has played a large part in my life and has aided me in becoming the person I am today. In addition, gender has also taken a role in shaping my views of the world. From my diverse experiences I have come to the conclusion that choosing to put myself in situations where I question what social constructions mean, like race and gender, has led to my own astronomical growth and success. This paper outlines some of those experiences, along with historical and scientific research about race. I also write briefly about some of my experiences with gender, as they are innately intertwined with race.Thesis (B.?.)Honors Colleg

Deprenyl: from chemical synthesis to neuroprotection.

During the last decades (-)-deprenyl has become the golden standard of MAO-B inhibitors. It possesses dopamine potentiating and antioxidant properties; however, its effects cannot be explained solely by the enzyme inhibitory action. (-)-Deprenyl prevents the toxicity of certain selective neurotoxins and recently it was demonstrated to increase cell-cell adhesion as well. The complexity of its pharmacological effects reflects the action of both the parent compound and the active metabolites. (-)-Deprenyl and related propargylamines (DRPs) show neuroprotective features in a variety of in vitro and in vivo models that is dependent on the propargyl moiety. The main presumptive targets to date include glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, some kinase cascades, as well as pro- and antiapoptotic proteins, beside the inhibition of MAO-B. The antiapoptotic activity of DRPs converges upon the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity, due to the initiation of a com

sj-pdf-1-mde-10.1177_23821205231162986 - Supplemental material for Antiracist Curriculum Implementation for Pediatric Residents

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-mde-10.1177_23821205231162986 for Antiracist Curriculum Implementation for Pediatric Residents by Nicholas Szoko, Braveen Ragunanthan, Ana Radovic, Jessica L. Garrison and Orquidia Torres in Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development</p

sj-pdf-2-mde-10.1177_23821205231162986 - Supplemental material for Antiracist Curriculum Implementation for Pediatric Residents

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-mde-10.1177_23821205231162986 for Antiracist Curriculum Implementation for Pediatric Residents by Nicholas Szoko, Braveen Ragunanthan, Ana Radovic, Jessica L. Garrison and Orquidia Torres in Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development</p