The power of wavelets in analysis of transit and phase curves in presence of stellar variability and instrumental noise III. Accuracy of transit parameters

Correlated noise in exoplanet light curves, such as noises from stellar activity, convection noise, and instrumental noises distorts the exoplanet transit light curves, and leads to biases in the best-fit transit parameters. An optimal fitting algorithm is stable against the presence of correlated noises and lead to statistically consistent results, i.e. the actual biases are usually within the error interval. This is not automatically satisfied by most of the algorithms in everyday use, and the testing of the algorithms is necessary. In this paper, we describe a bootstrapping-like test to handle with the general case, and apply this to the wavelet-based TLCM (Transit and Light Curve Modeller) algorithm, testing it for the stability against the correlated noise. We contrast the results to the FITSH algorithm that is based on a white noise assumption. We simulated transit light curves with previously known parameters in the presence of a correlated noise model generated by an ARIMA (Autoregressive Integretad Moving Average) process. Then we solved the simulated observations, and examined the resulting parameters and error intervals. We have found that the assumption of FITSH that only white noise is present led to inconsistencies in the results: the distribution of best-fit parameters is by a factor of 3--6 broader then the determined error intervals. On the other hand, the wavelet-based TLCM algorithm handles the correlated noise properly, leading to properly determined parameter and error intervals which are perfectly consistent with the actual biases.Comment: Submitted to A&A, favorable referee report received, 11 pages, 8 figure

Enabling planetary science across light-years. Ariel Definition Study Report

Ariel, the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey, was adopted as the fourth medium-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision programme to be launched in 2029. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will study what exoplanets are made of, how they formed and how they evolve, by surveying a diverse sample of about 1000 extrasolar planets, simultaneously in visible and infrared wavelengths. It is the first mission dedicated to measuring the chemical composition and thermal structures of hundreds of transiting exoplanets, enabling planetary science far beyond the boundaries of the Solar System. The payload consists of an off-axis Cassegrain telescope (primary mirror 1100 mm x 730 mm ellipse) and two separate instruments (FGS and AIRS) covering simultaneously 0.5-7.8 micron spectral range. The satellite is best placed into an L2 orbit to maximise the thermal stability and the field of regard. The payload module is passively cooled via a series of V-Groove radiators; the detectors for the AIRS are the only items that require active cooling via an active Ne JT cooler. The Ariel payload is developed by a consortium of more than 50 institutes from 16 ESA countries, which include the UK, France, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Spain, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, and a NASA contribution

A kismedencei szervek süllyedésének és a női terheléses vizeletvesztésnek a konzervatív és sebészi kezelése Magyarországon. Felmérés az egészségügyi szolgáltatók körében

Bevezetés és célkitűzés: Mivel klinikai iránymutatások a genitalis prolapsusok kezelésére Magyarországon nem léteznek, a süllyedéses kórképek konzervatív és sebészi ellátási stratégiája országon belül nem standardizált, és széles határok között mozog. A Magyar Kontinencia és Urogynekológiai Társaság megalakulásának tiszteletére célul tűztük ki a jelenlegi kezelési elvek felmérését a genitalis prolapsusok és a női terheléses vizeletvesztés vonatkozásában. Módszer: Létrehoztunk egy 20 kérdésből álló online kérdőívet, melyet 40 urológiai és 65 nőgyógyászati osztálynak továbbítottunk 2021 szeptemberében és októberében. Eredmények: Az online kérdőívre adott válaszok aránya 24,76% volt. A válaszadók 96,15%-a a panaszokat okozó süllyedéses kórképek kezelésére elsőként választandó módszerként a konzervatív terápiát ajánlja a betegeknek. A mellső kompartment panaszokat okozó süllyedése esetén a legtöbben a mellső hüvelyfali plasztikát (28,96%) és a laparoszkópos sacrohysteropexiát/sacrocolpopexiát (27,42%) választják mint sebészi ellátást. Apicalis prolapsus esetén a laparoszkópos sacrofixatio az elsőként választandó módszer válaszadóink körében (35,88%). A női terheléses vizeletvesztés kezelésében a transobturator (61,53%) és a transvaginalis (15%) szalag implantációja a leginkább alkalmazott sebészi módszer. Következtetés: Eredményeink jó alapot biztosíthatnak a női terheléses vizeletvesztés és a genitalis prolapsusok diagnózisának és ellátásának magyarországi továbbfejlődéséhez, melyet az Európai Uroginekológiai Társasághoz való friss csatlakozásunkkal talán könnyebben elérhetünk. Továbbá uroginekológiai szakképesítéssel a betegellátást még színvonalasabbá tehetnénk

Modelling the light curves of transiting exomoons: a zero-order photodynamic agent added to the Transit and Light Curve Modeller

Despite the ever-growing number of exoplanets discovered and the extensive analyses carried out to find their potential satellites, only two exomoon candidates, Kepler-1625b-i and Kepler-1708 b-i, have been discovered to date. A considerable amount of effort has been invested in the development of algorithms for modelling, searching, and detecting exomoons in exoplanetary light curves. In this work, we incorporate moon handling capabilities into the state of the art and publicly available code, the Transit and Light Curve Modeller (TLCM). The code is designed for the analysis of transiting exoplanet systems with the inclusion of a wavelet-based noise handling algorithm. Here, we present an updated version of TLCM that is capable of modelling a coplanar planet-moon system on an elliptical orbit around its host, accounting for mutual eclipses between the two bodies (and neglecting perturbative effects) - a so-called photodynamic model. The key benefit of this framework is the ability for a joint analysis of multiple planet-moon transits. We demonstrate the necessity of this software on a case study of Kepler-1625b. Similarly to prior works, we conclude that there is no firm evidence of an exomoon in that system, by showing that temporally correlated noise can mimic apparent lunar transits

Identification of a Vibrio sp. pathogenic for incubation of eggs of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) and attempts to the treatment

Summary Background: The global warming; the overfishing of the sexually mature adult fish (the spawners) and the offspring; the environmental pollution and parasites have significant impact on severe decline in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) stock. Objectives: For restocking purposes, several research projects about the elaboration of captive breeding methods and hatchery technology of eel, have been initiated. The detection of piscine pathogens and the development of effective therapeutic and prevention strategies against their infections during the early life stages in fish (eggs, larvae, fry, and smolts) under controlled conditions are essential for successful work. Materials and Methods: The aim of the present study was to identify the patho gen(s), and to make proposal for the possible treatments against the infection of the developing eel embryos, that produced by the controlled reproduction process following hormone-induced sexual maturation of female European eel. The patho genic bacteria were isolated on different selective media. They were characterised by morphological –, microscopic examinations and with some biochemical tests. Their taxonomic status was verified by using the Biolog MicroStation ID system, and by amplification and sequencing of the 16S rDNA genome region. Then their antimicro bial sensitivity was checked by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using 10 various antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, furazolidone, gentamicin, oxytetracykline, polymyxin-B). Results and Discussion: The phenotypic and genotypic microbiological assays detected the presence of only one dominant species; that was the Vibrio cyclitroph icus, a member of Vibrio splendidus clade. The pathogenicity of these bacteria to larvae of molluscs and shrimps has been already known. Their emergence in the closed experimental system may be the result of the artificial sea water prepared from contaminated sea salt. Based on the antibiogram of the isolated bacterium strain the use of chloramphenicol and a consequent formalin treatment of the water for general disinfection is suggested

High-precision photometry with Ariel

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.In this paper we describe the photometry instruments of Ariel, consisting of the VISPhot, FGS1 and FGS2 photometers in the visual and mid-IR wavelength. These photometers have their own cadence, which can be independent from each other and the cadence of the spectral instruments. Ariel will be capable to do high cadence and high precision photometry in independent bands. There is also a possibility for synthetic Jsynth, Hsynth, and wide-band thermal infrared photometry from spectroscopic data. Although the cadence of the synthetic bands will be identical to that of the spectrographs, the precision of synthetic photometry in the suggested synthetic bands will be at least as precise as the optical data. We present the accuracy of these instruments. We also review selected fields of new science which will be opened up by the possibility of high cadence multiband space photometry, including stellar rotation, spin-orbit misalignment, orbital precession, planetary rotation and oblateness, tidal distortions, rings, and moons. © 2021, The Author(s).This work has been supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFI) grants K-119517, K-115709, and GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00003, the Lendület Program of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, project No. LP2018-7/2020, and the City of Szombathely under agreement No. S-11-1027. L.V.M. and E.P. was supported by the ASI grant n. 2018.22.HH.O. ZG and TP acknowledge support from the VEGA grant of the Slovak Academy of Sciences No. 2/0031/18 and by the grant of the Slovak Research and Development Agency number APVV-15-0458. LBo acknowledges the funding support from Italian Space Agency (ASI) regulated by “Accordo ASI-INAF n. 2013-016-R.0 del 9 luglio 2013 e integrazione del 9 luglio 2015 CHEOPS Fasi A/B/C”.With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709.Peer reviewe

Ariel: Enabling planetary science across light-years

Ariel Definition Study ReportAriel Definition Study Report, 147 pages. Reviewed by ESA Science Advisory Structure in November 2020. Original document available at: https://www.cosmos.esa.int/documents/1783156/3267291/Ariel_RedBook_Nov2020.pdf/Ariel, the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey, was adopted as the fourth medium-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision programme to be launched in 2029. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will study what exoplanets are made of, how they formed and how they evolve, by surveying a diverse sample of about 1000 extrasolar planets, simultaneously in visible and infrared wavelengths. It is the first mission dedicated to measuring the chemical composition and thermal structures of hundreds of transiting exoplanets, enabling planetary science far beyond the boundaries of the Solar System. The payload consists of an off-axis Cassegrain telescope (primary mirror 1100 mm x 730 mm ellipse) and two separate instruments (FGS and AIRS) covering simultaneously 0.5-7.8 micron spectral range. The satellite is best placed into an L2 orbit to maximise the thermal stability and the field of regard. The payload module is passively cooled via a series of V-Groove radiators; the detectors for the AIRS are the only items that require active cooling via an active Ne JT cooler. The Ariel payload is developed by a consortium of more than 50 institutes from 16 ESA countries, which include the UK, France, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Spain, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, and a NASA contribution