8 research outputs found
New Gene Responsible for Resistance of Clinical Corynebacteria to Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B
The subject of the study was phenotypic marking of the antibiotic susceptibility and MLSB resistance mechanism in Corynebacterium spp. isolated from human skin (18 isolates) and from clinical materials (19 isolates). The strains were tested for the presence of the erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), erm(X), lnu(A), msr(A), msr(B) and mph(C) genes. Clinical isolates showed wide resistance to antibiotics. In 89% clinical isolates and 72% skin microbiota a constitutive type of MLSB resistance was found. In 12 clinical isolates the erm(C) gene was detected-eight of which had erm(X) as well as erm(C), two harboured erm(X), erm(C) and erm(A) and two demonstrated only erm(C)
Outpatient Antibiotic Consumption Fluctuations in a View of Unreasonable Antibacterial Therapy
Tick-borne diseases in Poland: Prevalence and difficulties in diagnostics
The article presents an overview of diagnostics of tick-borne diseases in Poland, which form one of the most prevalent group of occupational illnesses in the Polish area. This is a current issue due to a constantly growing number of tick-borne infections, i.e., Lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, tularemia, Q fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and babesiosis. The scale of the problem is well illustrated by the latest reports of the Polish National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH – NIH). The article also covers the taxonomy of vectors of etiological factors, as well as their reservoirs and possible transmission to humans. The highest risk of tick-borne infection is particularly connected with people either resting or working in the forest or meadow surroundings (i.e., foresters, farmers, hunters). The article contains up-to-date data on epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, symptomatology, laboratory medicine and factors affecting the credibility of results according to current recommendations of the Polish Society of Epidemiology and Physicians of Infectious Diseases and the Polish National Chamber of Laboratory Diagnosticians. The presented review focuses on modern laboratory techniques used in difficult diagnostics of tick-borne diseases, mainly diagnostics algorithms, pre-analytical phase (type of biological material) and analytical phase of diagnostics (reference methods, efficacy of different techniques, interfering factors, proper diagnostic procedures). Med Pr 2016;67(1):73–8
Macrolide, Lincosamide, and Streptogramin B Resistance in Lipophilic Corynebacteria Inhabiting Healthy Human Skin
Biological Activity of Mesoporous Dendrimer-Coated Titanium Dioxide: Insight on the Role of the Surface–Interface Composition and the Framework Crystallinity
Biological Activity of Mesoporous Dendrimer-Coated Titanium Dioxide: Insight on the Role of the Surface–Interface Composition and the Framework Crystallinity
Hitherto, the field of nanomedicine
has been overwhelmingly dominated
by the use of mesoporous organosilicas compared to their metal oxide
congeners. Despite their remarkable reactivity, titanium oxide-based
materials have been seldom evaluated and little knowledge has been
gained with respect to their “structure–biological activity”
relationship. Herein, a fruitful association of phosphorus dendrimers
(both “ammonium-terminated” and “phosphonate-terminated”)
and titanium dioxide has been performed by means of the sol–gel
process, resulting in mesoporous dendrimer-coated nanosized crystalline
titanium dioxide. A similar organo-coating has been reproduced using
single branch-mimicking dendrimers that allow isolation of an amorphous
titanium dioxide. The impact of these materials on red blood cells
was evaluated by studying cell hemolysis. Next, their cytotoxicity
toward B14 Chinese fibroblasts and their antimicrobial activity were
also investigated. Based on their variants (cationic versus anionic
terminal groups and amorphous versus crystalline titanium dioxide
phase), better understanding of the role of the surface–interface
composition and the nature of the framework has been gained. No noticeable
discrimination was observed for amorphous and crystalline material.
In contrast, hemolysis and cytotoxicity were found to be sensitive
to the nature of the interface composition, with the ammonium-terminated
dendrimer-coated titanium dioxide being the most hemolytic and cytotoxic
material. This surface-functionalization opens the door for creating
a new synergistic machineries mechanism at the cellular level and
seems promising for tailoring the biological activity of nanosized
organic–inorganic hybrid materials