Dentin bond optimization using the dimethyl sulfoxide-wet bonding strategy : A 2-year in vitro study

Objective. This study evaluated a new approach, named dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-wet bonding, to produce more desirable long-term prospects for the ultrafine interactions between synthetic polymeric biomaterials and the inherently hydrated dentin substrate. Methods. Sound third molars were randomly restored with/without DMSO pretreatment using a total-etch (Scocthbond Multipurpose: SBMP) and a self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond: CF) adhesive systems. Restored teeth (n = 10)/group were sectioned into sticks and submitted to different analyses: micro-Raman determined the degree of conversion inside the hybrid layer (DC); resin dentin microtensile bond strength and fracture pattern analysis at 24 h, 1 year and 2 years of aging; and nanoleakage evaluation at 24h and 2 years. Results. DMSO-wet bonding produced significantly higher 24 h bond strengths for SBMP that were sustained over the two-year period, with significantly less adhesive failures. Similarly, DMSO-treated CF samples presented significantly higher bond strength than untreated samples at two years. Both adhesives had significant less adhesive failures at 2 years with DMSO. DMSO had no effect on DC of SBMP, but significantly increased the DC of CE DMSO-treated SBMP samples presented reduced silver uptake compared to untreated samples after aging. Significance. Biomodification of the dentin substrate by the proposed strategy using DMSO is a suitable approach to produce more durable hybrid layers with superior ability to withstand hydrolytic degradation over time. Although the active role of DMSO on dentin bond improvement may vary according to monomer composition, its use seems to be effective on both self-etch and etch-and-rinse bonding mechanisms. (C) 2016 The Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Effects of energy density of light-activation of adhesive systems on bonding fiber posts to root canals

Este estudo avaliou, através de um sistema experimental, a intensidade de luz transmitida por um pino de fibra translúcido (Whitepost DC n2) e o efeito de diferentes densidades de energia da luz nas propriedades adesivas: grau de conversão no interior da camada híbrida (GC), nanoinfiltração (NI) e resistência de união (RU) à dentina de dois sistemas adesivos (Ambar [AM] e Excite DSC [EX]). As raízes de 72 pré-molares humanos foram preparadas endodonticamente e divididas em grupos (n=6) de acordo com a combinação dos principais fatores: sistema adesivo (AM e EX), e densidade de energia (16, 48 e 288 J/cm). Após cimentação dos pinos de fibra, foi testado a RU (push-out) (n=7) em uma máquina de ensaios universal (0,5 mm/min). A análise do GC (%) in situ (n=2) foi feita através da espectroscopia micro-Raman e a NI foi avaliada por MEV após a imersão das amostras em 50% em nitrato de prata (n=3). Os dados de RU, GC e NI de cada adesivo foram analisados por ANOVA de 3 fatores de medidas repetidas (adesivo vs. densidade de energia vs. terço radicular) e teste de Tukey (&#945; = 0,05). Para mensuração da intensidade de luz transmitida pelo pino, o sistema era constituído por um feixe de luz laser pulsado incidindo perpendicularmente a superfície da base do pino, e na direção paralela ao eixo do pino um detector capaz de mensurar a luz espalhada no pino. Para simular a variação da intensidade de luz foram utilizados junto a esse sistema filtros de densidade óptica, variando a intensidade de luz em 100, 25 e 10%. Os resultados de RU (MPa) demonstraram diferença significativa para os terços médio e apical (p < 0,05) quando houve aumento da densidade de energia de 16 para 48 e 288 J/cm respectivamente. O GC (%) aumentou significativamente na densidade de 288 J/cm nos terços médio e apical quando comparado os mesmos terços com a menor densidade de energia 16 J/cm (p <0,05). A NI (%) diminui significativamente a partir da densidade de energia de 48 J/cm nos terços médio e apical (p < 0,05) e se manteve constante para a densidade de 288 J/cm (p > 0,05). Em geral, nenhum dos testes apresentaram resultados com diferença significativa quando o terço cervical foi avaliado. Em relação aos resultados da intensidade da luz espalhada pelo pino observamos que na região cervical a intensidade de luz reduz para 45,5 % no terço médio para 14,2 % e para apical 5,3%. Quanto a simulação da variação da intensidade da luz, foi possível observar que o aumento da intensidade de luz incidente na base cervical do pino proporciona um ganho de intensidade de luz que chega ao nível apical.This study evaluated, the intensity of light transmitted through a translucent fiber post ( Whitepost DC n 2) using an experimental system and the effect of different densities of light energy in adhesive properties: degree of conversion within the hybrid layer (DC), nanoleakage (NL) and bond strength (&#956;TBS) of two adhesive systems to dentin (Ambar [AM] and Excite DSC [EX]). The roots of 72 human premolars were prepared endodontically and divided into groups (n=6) according to the combination of factors: adhesive system (AM and EX) and energy density (16, 48 and 288 J/cm). After cementing fiber post the roots with fiber post were subjected to &#956;TBS (push-out) (n = 7) in a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). DC analysis (%) in situ (n = 2) was made by micro -Raman spectroscopy and NL was evaluated by SEM after immersing the samples in 50% silver nitrate (n=3). Data from the &#956;TBS, NL, and DC of each adhesive were analyzed by 3-way repeated measures ANOVA (adhesive vs. Energy density vs. root third) and Tukey test (&#945; = 0.05) . To measure the intensity of light transmitted through the post, the measuring device consisted of a light beam pulsed laser focusing perpendicular to the bottom surface of the post, and in the direction parallel to the axis of the post detector capable of measuring the scattered light at the post. To simulate the variation of light intensity, filters were used in this system with optical density varying the light intensity of 100, 25 and 10%. The results of &#956;TBS (MPa) showed a significant difference for the middle and apical (p <0.05) thirds when an increase in energy density from 16 to 48 and 288 J/cmrespectively. The DC (%) significantly increased the density of 288 J/cm in the middle and apical thirds compared the same with the lower energy density of 16 J/cm (p < 0.05). The NL (%) decreases significantly from the energy density of 48 J/cm in the middle and apical (p thirds < 0.05) and remained constant for the density of 288 J/cm (p > 0.05), in general, none of the tests results showed a significant difference when the cervical third was evaluated . Regarding the results of the intensity of light scattered by the post, light intensity reduced to 45,5% in the cervical region, to 14,2% and 5,3% in the middle and apical thirds, respectively. As for simulating the variation of light intensity, it was observed that the increase of the intensity of light incident on the base of the cervical post provides a gain of intensity of light reaching the apical level

Investigating the real translucency of the endodontic fiber posts

Researchers have been investigating the light intensity scattered by a translucent fiber post with application in dentistry by different methods. In this work, we introduce a new system capable to record a light scattered profile, step-by-step, as a function of the length of the translucent fiber post. To support our studies, an extensive characterization of the system was carried out and this is presented and discussed here. The system was implemented using the phase sensitive detection. The equipment measures the light scattered without the need of any preparing parts and the fiber post is fixed directly in the fiber post holder becoming ready for measurement. Measures can be recorded with a spatial resolution smaller than 0.01 mm throughout the length of the fiber post being investigated. The system was implemented by using a photomultiplier tube that improves sensitivity for the optical detection. The recorded result is a signal directly proportional to the scattered light and it allows us to obtain a normalized profile that can be used as a map of the scattered light of the fiber post in study. Furthermore, we are able to demonstrate a low intensity of light in the tip region of the fiber post, along with the dependency of the light attenuation with the fiber post body volume and shape. This new system will certainly contribute to achieve better results in fiber post designing and in restoration of endodontic treated teeth because it provides a more well-founded choice of the fiber post to be used, and of the time of exposure to the curing light

Dentin bond optimization using the dimethyl sulfoxide-wet bonding strategy: A 2-year in vitro study

Objective. This study evaluated a new approach, named dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-wet bonding, to produce more desirable long-term prospects for the ultrafine interactions between synthetic polymeric biomaterials and the inherently hydrated dentin substrate. Methods. Sound third molars were randomly restored with/without DMSO pretreatment using a total-etch (Scocthbond Multipurpose: SBMP) and a self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond: CF) adhesive systems. Restored teeth (n = 10)/group were sectioned into sticks and submitted to different analyses: micro-Raman determined the degree of conversion inside the hybrid layer (DC); resin dentin microtensile bond strength and fracture pattern analysis at 24 h, 1 year and 2 years of aging; and nanoleakage evaluation at 24h and 2 years. Results. DMSO-wet bonding produced significantly higher 24 h bond strengths for SBMP that were sustained over the two-year period, with significantly less adhesive failures. Similarly, DMSO-treated CF samples presented significantly higher bond strength than untreated samples at two years. Both adhesives had significant less adhesive failures at 2 years with DMSO. DMSO had no effect on DC of SBMP, but significantly increased the DC of CE DMSO-treated SBMP samples presented reduced silver uptake compared to untreated samples after aging. Significance. Biomodification of the dentin substrate by the proposed strategy using DMSO is a suitable approach to produce more durable hybrid layers with superior ability to withstand hydrolytic degradation over time. Although the active role of DMSO on dentin bond improvement may vary according to monomer composition, its use seems to be effective on both self-etch and etch-and-rinse bonding mechanisms321214721481CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESsem informaçã