Activity density, diversity and seasonal dynamics of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Bt- (MON810) and in isogenic maize stands

To compare carabid assemblages from transgenic Bt- and isogenic maize in Hungary, we used pitfall traps in an experiment (30x30 m plots, arranged alternately in 6 replications), during the growing season of maize during 2001—2003. We captured altogether 44,103 individuals of 58 species. The most common species in our sampling were Calatlzus ambiguus, Doliclzus halensis, Harpalus distinguendus, H rufipes, Poecilus sericeus and Treclius quadristriatus. The same species dominated both in the Bt- and in the isogenic maize plots. Under our test conditions (plot size and 3 years of sampling), no significant differences were found either in the structural characteristics (number of individuals, number of species and diversity), activity density or seasonal activity patterns ofthe dominant species

Puhatestű közösségek térbeli mintázata és diverzitása eltérő vízterek mentén

In this study we examined the structure and diversity of malacological communities at human disturbed and undisturbed sites of oxbow lakes and medium-sized rivers in the water system of the River Danube and Tisza. Sampling was carried out at total 33 sites in 2011 and 2012. According to the malacological species composition and the water chemistry the sampling sites of the water system of the River Danube and Tisza, and certain water bodies can be distinguished. An unambiguous pattern cannot be observed according to the presence-absence of human disturbance. However the Shannon-Wiener diversity and the number of endangered and rare species was significantly higher in the undisturbed Mosoni-Danube, and the number of invasive species was higher at the antropogenically disturbed sampling sites. A total of 49 species were collected, among them 29 species are common, 6 species are endangered and protected in Hungary (Unio crassus, Pseudanodonta complanata, Anisus vorticulus, Borysthenia naticina, Esperiana daudebartii, Esperiana esperi, Theodoxus danubialis), 7 species are rare in Hungary (Pisidium amnicum, Sphaerium rivivola, Sphaerium solidum, Acroloxus lacustris, Anisus spirorbis, Bathyomphalus contortus, Physa fontinalis), and 6 species are invasive. The two endangered bivalve species cannot be found in the oxbow lakes, and the occurrence frequency and density of P. complanata was very low in the studied rivers. The invasive C. fluminea was recorded in the tributary Ipoly, Rába, Bodrog only at sampling sites located close to the mouth of river, and it was not found in the reaches of Tisza above Tokaj. The study was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Fund (KTIA-OTKA) under the contract No. CNK80140

Mellkasi panasz ritka oka | A rare case of chest pain

Absztrakt A mellkasi fájdalom igen gyakori panasz a sürgősségi osztályon megjelent betegek körében. A sürgősségi orvosok fontos feladata kizárni az életet veszélyeztető kórképeket: akut coronariaszindróma, pulmonalis embolisatio, mellkasi aortadissectio. A szerzők 7 órája fennálló tompa mellkasi fájdalom miatt jelentkező beteg kórtörténetét ismertetik. A diagnosztikus algoritmusoknak megfelelően EKG, vérvétel, mellkasröntgen, majd ezek után mellkasi komputertomográfiás angiográfia történt. Az akut coronariaszindróma, pulmonalis embolisatio, valamint a mellkasi aorta dissectiója kizárásra kerültek, azonban a CT-képen mellékleletként hatalmas méretű rekeszsérv ábrázolódott. A betegnél sürgős műtét történt, amely után a beteg panaszmentesen, gyógyultan távozott a kórházból. A szerzők kiemelik, hogy a diagnosztikus algoritmusok a gyakori, potenciálisan halálos betegségek megerősítését vagy kizárását célozzák meg, elsősorban mellkasi panaszok esetén. Nem szabad azonban szem elől téveszteni, hogy a mellkasi fájdalomnak vannak ritkább okai, amelyek a társszakmák bevonását, multidiszciplináris gondolkodásmódot tesznek szükségessé. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(36), 1445–1448. | Abstract Chest pain is a common symptom in patients who visit Emergency Departments. The main task is to exclude life-threatening diseases such as acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolization and dissection of thoracic aorta. The authors present the history of a patient, who had an intense chest pain for 7 hours. In accordance with the diagnostic algorithm of chest pain, ECG, blood collection, chest X-ray and chest computed tomography angiography were performed. Acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolization and dissection of the thoracic aorta were excluded, however, chest computed tomography CT revealed a huge hiatal hernia as an incidental finding. An emergency surgical repair was performed and the patient recovered without any complications. The authors emphasize that the diagnostic algorithms focus on the confirmation or rejection of possible life threatening diseases in case of chest pain. However, it should be kept in mind that rarer causes may occur, which may require involvement of the relevant disciplines and multidisciplinary thinking. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(36), 1445–1448

Hypospleniás és aspleniás állapotok jelzésére szolgáló komplex laboratóriumi és morphologiai vizsgálatok eredményeinek összehasonlító elemzése egerekben a postsplenectomiás sepsis időbeni felismerése céljából = Comparative study on the results of complex laboratory and morphological examinations in hyposplenic and asplenic status in order to diagnose postsplenectomy sepsis in due time

150 Balb/c inbred egéren és 24 beagle kutyán végzett műtétek és komplex -immunologiai, haematologiai, haemostaseologiai, haemorheologiai, immunhistologiai- utánkövetéses vizsgálatok során elemeztük a lép autotransplantatio hatékonyságát. A lép autotransplantatumok filtrációs funkció megőrző szerepét jelző értékű vizsgálatokkal - vörösvérsejt deformabilitás és aggregatio- sikerült alátámasztani. Kombinált vakcináció hatásának vizsgálatában a leukocyta antisedimentatiós ráta változás elemzése hatékony volt. Kiemelten fontos volt az autotransplantált lépdarabokban a phagocyta sejtek utánpótlásáért felelős őssejtek regenerációban betöltött szerepének vizsgálata, mely során a granulocyta-macrophag progenitor őssejtek jelenlétét és expanzióját mutattuk ki. Megállapítottuk, hogy lép autotransplantatio után a postoperativ időszakban a haemopoeticus őssejt termelés nő a splenectomizált és az áloperált csoporthoz képest. Az egerekben végzett immunologiai vizsgálatok igazolták, hogy a lép autotransplantatio normalizálja a T- és B-lymphocyták számát és eloszlását, javítja az IgM termelést és a granulocyták phagocytáló képességét. Eredményeink rávilágítanak arra, hogy a visszaültetett lépdarabok súlyarányuknál nagyobb részben képesek a funkciókiesést pótolni. Ez táplálja azt a reményünket, hogy a splenectomia helyett alkalmazott autotransplantatio fokozhatja a fertőzések elleni védekezőképességet, csökkentheti a krónikus fertőzések és a rettegett OPSI kialakulásának veszélyét. | 150 Balb/c inbred mice and 24 beagle dogs were subjected to operations and to complex ?immunological, hematological, hemostaseological, hemorheological, immunhistological- follow-up investigations for analyzing the efficacy of spleen autotransplantation. The restoration of autotransplanted spleen-chips? filtration function was proved with indicator tests, such as red blood cell deformability and aggregation. Investigating a combined vaccination?s effect the analysis of leukocyte antisedimentation rate?s changes was be useful. The role of stem cells, responsible for the phagocyte reinforcement, in the autotransplanted spleen-chips? regeneration process was of high priority. The presence and expansion of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors stem cells were oberved. In the autotransplanted spleen-chips we could reveal the presence of primitive, early-phase, pluripotent stem cells capable for differentiation into various cell-lines. Immunological tests in mice showed that spleen autotransplantation helps to normalize the count and distrubution of B and T lymphocytes, improves the IgM production and the granulocytes? phagocyte function. Our results reflect to that the autotransplated spleen-chips can restore the functions even in a higher degree comparing to their own weight. This could feed our hope that autotransplantation used instead of splenectomy may increase the defensive ability against infections, reduce the risk of chronic infections and the frightening OPSI

Advantages of Multiplexing Ability of the Orbitrap Mass Analyzer in the Multi-Mycotoxin Analysis

In routine measurements, the length of the analysis time and nfumber of samples analysed during a time unit are crucial parameters, which are especially important for the food analysis, particularly in the case of mycotoxin determinations. High-resolution equipment, including time-of-flight or Orbitrap analyzators, can provide stable instrumental background for high-throughput analyses. In this report, a short, 1 min MS-based multi-mycotoxin method was developed with the application of a short column as a reduced chromatographic separation, taking advantages of the multiplexing and high-resolution capability of the QExactive Orbitrap MS possessing sub-1 ppm mass accuracy. The performance of the method was evaluated regarding selectivity, LOD, LOQ, linearity, matrix effect, and recovery, and compared to a UHPLC-MS/MS method. The final multiplexing method was able to quantify 11 mycotoxins in defined ranges (aflatoxins (corn, 2.8–600 μg/kg; wheat, 1.5–350 μg/kg), deoxynivalenol (corn, 640–9600 μg/kg; wheat, 128–3500 μg/kg), fumonisins (corn, 20–1500 μg/kg; wheat, 30–3500 μg/kg), HT-2 (corn, 64–5200 μg/kg; wheat, 61–3500 μg/kg), T-2 (corn, 10–800 μg/kg; wheat, 4–250 μg/kg), ochratoxin (corn, 4.7–600 μg/kg; wheat, 1–1000 μg/kg), zearalenone (corn, 64–4800 μg/kg; wheat, 4–500 μg/kg)) within one minute in corn and wheat matrices at the MRL levels stated by the European Union