Characterization of the high-pressure superconductivity in the Pnma phase of calcium

The thermodynamic parameters of the superconducting state in calcium under the pressure at 161 GPa have been calculated within the framework of the Eliashberg approach. It has been shown that the value of the Coulomb pseudopotential is high (0.24) and the critical temperature (25 K) should be determined from the modified Allen-Dynes formula. In addition, it has been found that the basic dimensionless ratios of the thermodynamic parameters significantly diverge from the BCS predictions, and take the following values: (i) The zero temperature energy gap to the critical temperature(R1) is equal to 4.01. (ii) The ratio R2 equals 2.17. (iii) The quantity R3=0.158. Finally, it has been proven that the electron effective mass is large and takes the maximum of 2.32*me at TC.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures; Phys. Status Solidi B (2012

Properties of the superconducting state in compressed Sulphur

The thermodynamic properties of the superconducting state in Sulphur under the pressure at 160 GPa were determined. It has been shown that: (i) the critical value of the Coulomb pseudopotential is equal to 0.127; (ii) the critical temperature (T_{C} =17 K) should be calculated by using the modified Allen-Dynes formula; (iii) the effective electron-electron interaction is attractive in the range of frequencies from zero to the frequency slightly lesser than the maximum phonon frequency (~ 0.85\Omega_{max}); (iv) the dimensionless ratios 2\Delta (0)/k_{B}T_{C}, $\Delta C(T_{C})/C^{N}(T_{C}) and T_{C}C^{N}(T_{C})/H^{2}_{C}(0) are equal to 3.7, 1.65 and 0.16 respectively; (v) the ratio of the effective to bare electron mass reaches maximum of 1.77 for T=T_{C}.Comment: 3 pages, 5 figure

Specifc Heat and Thermodynamic Critical Field for Calcium under the Pressure at 120 GPa

The free energy difference between the superconducting and normal state for Calcium under the pressure at 120 GPa has been determined. The numerical calculations have been made in the framework of the imaginary axis Eliashberg approach. On the basis of the obtained results the specific heat in the superconducting C^{S}(T) and normal C^{N}(T) state, as well as, the thermodynamic critical field H_{C}(T) have been obtained. It has been shown that the characteristic values of the considered thermodynamic quantities do not obey the BCS universal laws. In particular, {\Delta}C(T_{C})/C^N(T_{C})=2.48 and T_{C}C^{N}(T_{C})/H_{C}^{2}(0)=0.154.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figure

Znaczące pogorszenie sytuacji finansowej banku a podatek od niektórych instytucji finansowych

The subject of this article was the analysis of the impact of a significant deterioration of the bank’s financial standing on the obligation to pay the tax on certain financial institutions. The assessment that a significant deterioration of the financial situation has occurred results in the creation of obligations and rights towards the bank not only under banking law but also tax law. On the one hand, the bank is obliged to implement a rehabilitation plan. On the other hand, the bank obtains the right to be exempted from the tax on certain financial institutions. In this respect, difficulties emerge for group recovery plans. The plans may be drawn up both for bank holdings and for cooperative banking mutual solidarity systems. The research problem discussed herein boils down to the assessment of whether a significant deterioration of the situation of one of the member banks of the aforementioned corporate structures results in the initiation of the group recovery plan. Adopting such a hypothesis means that all the banks covered by the group recovery plan, regardless of their financial situation, would be exempted from the tax on certain financial institutions. The purpose of this study was to prove the claim that the exemption from the tax on certain financial institutions applies only to banks that have implemented recovery plans due to a significant deterioration of their financial situation. In view of the directive to keep the legal order consistent and coherent, banks that have not experienced a significant deterioration of their financial situation will not be entitled to take advantage of the tax exemption. Therefore, the interpretation of the provisions of the Act on the tax on certain financial institutions must cover the objective of the exemption, namely counteracting the deteriorating situation of unprofitable operators.Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania była analiza wpływu znaczącego pogorszenia sytuacji finansowej banku na obowiązek uiszczania podatku od niektórych instytucji finansowych. Ocena, że doszło do znaczącego pogorszenia sytuacji finansowej, powoduje powstanie obowiązków i uprawnień wobec banku nie tylko na gruncie prawa bankowego, lecz także prawa podatkowego. Z jednej strony po stronie banku powstaje obowiązek wdrożenia planu naprawy, z drugiej zaś bank uzyskuje uprawnienie w postaci zwolnienia z podatku od niektórych instytucji finansowych. Trudności w omawianym zakresie pojawiają się w związku z grupowymi planami naprawy. Plany mogą być tworzone zarówno dla holdingów bankowych, jak i systemów solidarnościowych banków spółdzielczych. Podjęty w pracy problem badawczy sprowadza się do oceny, czy znaczące pogorszenie się sytuacji jednego z banków, będącego częścią wymienionych struktur koncernowych, powoduje uruchomienie grupowego planu naprawy. Przyjęcie takiej hipotezy oznacza, że wszystkie banki objęte grupowym planem naprawy, niezależnie od ich sytuacji finansowej, byłyby zwolnione z podatku od niektórych instytucji finansowych. Celem opracowania było udowodnienie twierdzenia, że zwolnienie z podatku od niektórych instytucji finansowych dotyczy tylko banków, które – ze względu na znaczące pogorszenie sytuacji finansowej – wdrożyły plany naprawy. Z uwagi na dyrektywę spójności i niesprzeczności treściowej porządku prawnego banki, w których nie doszło do znaczącego pogorszenia sytuacji finansowej, nie będą uprawnione do skorzystania ze zwolnienia podatkowego. Wykładnia przepisów ustawy o podatku od niektórych instytucji finansowych wymaga zatem uwzględnienia celu zwolnienia, którym jest przeciwdziałanie pogarszającej się sytuacji nierentownych podmiotów

Characteristics of the Eliashberg formalism on the example of high-pressure superconducting state in phosphor

The work describes the properties of the high-pressure superconducting state in phosphor: $p\in\{20, 30, 40, 70\}$ GPa. The calculations were performed in the framework of the Eliashberg formalism, which is the natural generalization of the BCS theory. The exceptional attention was paid to the accurate presentation of the used analysis scheme. With respect to the superconducting state in phosphor it was shown that: (i) the observed not-high values of the critical temperature ($\left[T_{C}\right]_{p=30{\rm GPa}}^{\rm max}=8.45$ K) result not only from the low values of the electron - phonon coupling constant, but also from the very strong depairing Coulomb interactions, (ii) the inconsiderable strong - coupling and retardation effects force the dimensionless ratios $R_{\Delta}$, $R_{C}$, and $R_{H}$ - related to the critical temperature, the order parameter, the specific heat and the thermodynamic critical field - to take the values close to the BCS predictions.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Clinical analysis of 52 obstetric hysterectomies

Objectives: Analysis of obstetric (peripartum and postpartum) hysterectomies with regard to their frequency, indications, complications, and risk factors. Material and methods: The study included 52 women operated between 1985–2012. Obstetric hysterectomies were performed in 39 (75%) and 13 (25%) women, respectively. The results were statistically analyzed as arithmetic mean and standard deviation (SD). Results: Peri- and postpartum hysterectomies accounted for 0.123% of all births (0.092% and 0.031%, respectively). Mean pa­tient age, length of pregnancy, and number of deliveries was 32.6 years [SD ± 6.2], 38.1 weeks [SD ± 7.0], and 3.2 [SD ± 2.4], respectively. In the study group, 92.31% of the women were multiparous, and 86.54% gave birth by cesarean section and had a history of CS. Placental pathology accounted for 44.4% of indications for hysterectomy. Blood transfusion was required in 94.2% of the cases, symptoms of hypovolemic shock were observed in 21.2%, and ICU admission was required in 15.4% of the patients. Relaparotomy was necessary in 4 (7.7%) cases. Intrauterine fetal death occurred in 4 (7.6%) cases and extremely poor neonatal status was observed in 4.1% of the newborns. Conclusions: Hemorrhage due to placental pathology was the most frequent indication for obstetric hysterectomy. Risk factors for obstetric hysterectomy included multiparity, history of CS, recent CS, and age > 35 years. Postpartum hysterec­tomy accounted for 25% of the obstetric surgeries