Multigraph limit of the dense configuration model and the preferential attachment graph

The configuration model is the most natural model to generate a random multigraph with a given degree sequence. We use the notion of dense graph limits to characterize the special form of limit objects of convergent sequences of configuration models. We apply these results to calculate the limit object corresponding to the dense preferential attachment graph and the edge reconnecting model. Our main tools in doing so are (1) the relation between the theory of graph limits and that of partially exchangeable random arrays (2) an explicit construction of our random graphs that uses urn model

Receptorok a belsőfül és a vertebrobasilaris erek primer szenzoros rostjain = Receptor expression of primary sensory nerves around the inner ear and vertebrobasilar arteries

Kimutattuk, hogy a VR1 receptorok a ggl. n. trigeminiből eredő és a vertebrobasilaris rendszert ellátó szenzoros rostokban megtalálhatók. A VR1 receptorokkal jelölt primér szenzoros rostokat nyomon követtük a BA, AICA, SMA, és az a. radiolaris felszínén. A VR1 receptorok a szenzoros neuronokon kolokalizációt mutatnak a SP-vel és trkA receptorokkal. Igazoltuk a trkA receptorok jelenlétét a cochleaban a postnatalis időszakban. A trkA receptorok szenzoros rostokhoz kötöttek. Igazoltuk, a stria vascularis marginalis setjeiben a VR1 receptorok jelenlétét. A VR1 receptor a marginalis sejtekben kolokalizációt mutat -plazma membran calcium ATPase-val. Kolokalizácót igazoltunk a marginalis sejtek basolateralis oldalán a VR1 és Na+-K+ ATPase között is. A VR1 receptorok és a Na+-K+ ATPase kolokalizációt mutatott a stria vascularis capillarisai körül is. A VR1 receptorok a szöveti pH változásokkal, nyomásváltozásokkal, ill. hőmérsékleti ingadozásokkal hozhatók ingerületbe, s ily módon befolyással lehetnek a cochlean belüli ozmotikus változáskora, ill. pH értékek beállítására. A VR1 receptorokban bekövetkezett morfológiai és funkcionális károsodás a cochlea nyomásviszonyainak megváltozását eredményezhetik, amely eltérések a Méni?re szindróma és Méni?re betegség tünet együttesét hozhatják létre. A VR1 receptorok a Ca++-ion és Na+-K+-ion háztartással való kapcsolata révén oki tényezővé léphet elő egyéb idegi jellegű halláscsökkenések patomechanizmusában is. | This research has demonstrated that VR1 receptors are found sensory fibers originating in ggl. n. trigemini and supplying the vertebrobasilar system. Primary sensory fibers marked with VR1 receptors were tracked on the surface of BA, AICA, SMA, and a. radiolar. VR1 receptors demonstrate co-localization on sensory neurons with SP and trkA receptors. The results have been verified the presence of trkA receptors in the cochlea in the postnatal period. TrkA receptors are bound to sensory fibers. Results have verified the presence of VR1 receptors in marginal cells of the stria vascularis. VR1 receptors show co-localization in the marginal cells with plasma membrane calcium ATPase. Co-localization has also been detected on the basolateral side of the marginal cells between VR1 and Na+-K+ ATPase. VR1 receptors and Na+-K+ ATPase as well demonstrated co-localization around the capillaries of the stria vascularis. VR1 receptors can be stimulated by pH changes in the tissue, changes of pressure, and temperature fluctuations, and this way can affect osmotic changes as well as pH value setting within the cochlea. Morphological and functional impairment in VR1 receptors may result in changes of pressure in the cochlea, which can create the symptoms of Méni-re-s syndrome and Méni-re-s disease. Due to their connection with Ca++-ion and Na+-K+-ion balance, VR1 receptors can become causal factors in the patomechanism of other neurological hearing empairments

Elastic recovery at graphene reinforced PA 6 nanocomposites

In this study tensile-mechanical properties of graphene containing polyamide 6 nanocomposites were deeply analysed via cyclic measurements. Injection moulded specimens with different nanofiller contents (0…1 wt%) were used for the investigations. At the cyclic tests the loading force was increased with 100 N increments in each cycle and the relaxation time was set to be 30 s. After the relaxation time the residual strain was determined in each cycle (plastic deformation). The results showed that the presence of graphene reduced the plastic deformations (i.e. elastic recovery was enhanced compared to the matrix). It results in that the creeping behaviour of nanocomposites becomes considerable just at higher loads. Based on the results it can be stated that the pure linear elastic region of the tensile curves became wider by the incorporation of graphene nanoparticles into polyamide 6 matrix, meaning that the utilization range is also wider regarding the mechanical stresses

Effect of Fiber Contents on Fatigue Behavior of Injection Molded Polyamide 6 Matrix Composites

In this study the effect of basalt and carbon fiber content on quasi-static and fatigue mechanical properties of polyamide 6 are investigated. Composites with different fiber contents were melt compounded, then specimens were injection molded. The presence of basalt and carbon fiber caused significant change in tensile properties; the effect of carbon fibers was major as expected. Fatigue life of composites decreased compared to the neat matrix, but it should be mentioned that higher load was applied in case of composites. Carbon fibers had remarkable effect on the decrement of cyclic creep. This means that the deformation of carbon fiber reinforced composites was lower than that of basalt fiber composites, even if load level was higher. Scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surfaces revealed larger tough fracture surface for carbon fiber reinforced composites compared to the basalt fiber reinforced ones

Építőipari és közműépítési trendek

If one hears the word construction industry, one probably associates it with building a house, but the concept of construction industry covers a much larger area and can be divided into colourful periods. Architecture is the transformation of the built environment. On the one hand it is one of the branches of arts (applied arts), on the other hand it is one of the branches of engineering and technology disciplines. Nowadays, more and more environment-friendly technology is used in the construction industry, and already in the design stage a considerable emphasis is put on the use of renewable energy resources, in particular the use of solar cells. To measure the trends in the construction industry and in the building of public works we have also prepared a questionnaire which was filled in by 100 managers of enterprises.Ha az ember azt a szót hallja, hogy építőipar, valószínűleg egy ház felépítésére asszociál, ám az építőipar fogalma ennél jóval nagyobb területet fed le, és igen színes korszakokra bontható. Az építészet (építőművészet, architektúra): az épített környezet alakítása. Egyrészről a művészetek egyik ága (alkalmazott művészet), másrészről mérnöki tudomány, technológiai diszciplina. Manapság egyre több környezetbarát technológiát alkalmaznak az építkezések során, és nagy hangsúlyt kap már a tervezés szakaszában is a megújuló energiaforrás használat, főként a napkollektor használata. Az építőipari és közműépítési trendek mérésére egy kérdőív is készült, melyet 100 vállalkozásvezető töltött ki