13 research outputs found

    Erdélyi gótikus és korabarokk oltårok topografikus felmérése (15-17. szåzad) = Topographic survey of the gothic and early baroque transilvanian altars (15th-17th century)

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    KutatĂĄsunk elsƑdleges cĂ©lja az erdĂ©lyi kĂ©sƑgĂłtikus, reneszĂĄnsz Ă©s kora barokk oltĂĄrok topografikus felmĂ©rĂ©se volt, valamint az emlĂ©kek adattĂĄrĂĄnak elkĂ©szĂ­tĂ©se. Ennek megfelelƑen az elkĂ©szĂŒlt katalĂłgus elsƑ rĂ©sze összefoglalja a reformĂĄciĂł elƑtti idƑszak teljes, jelenleg ismert szĂĄrnyasoltĂĄr, faszobor Ă©s tĂĄblakĂ©p ĂĄllomĂĄnyĂĄt, helyszĂ­ni kutatĂĄsok alapjĂĄn frissĂ­tve, gyakran mĂłdosĂ­tva, Ășj tĂ©telekkel, adatokkal kiegĂ©szĂ­tve az eddig ismerteket. SzĂĄmos esetben sikerĂŒlt azonosĂ­tani az egyes ĂĄbrĂĄzolĂĄsok konkrĂ©t metszetelƑkĂ©peit is. A katalĂłgus mĂĄsodik rĂ©szĂ©t 17. szĂĄzadi oltĂĄrok alkotjĂĄk. Mivel a 17. szĂĄzadi erdĂ©lyi oltĂĄrmƱvĂ©szet kevĂ©ssĂ© kutatott terĂŒlet, itt szĂĄmos olyan emlĂ©k kerĂŒlt be az adattĂĄrba, amely korĂĄbban ismeretlen volt a szakma szĂĄmĂĄra. Ennek ellenĂ©re igyekeztĂŒnk a lehetƑ legteljesebb mĂ©rtĂ©kben feltĂ©rkĂ©pezni ezeket az oltĂĄrokat, a katalĂłgusban pedig az emlĂ©kekrƑl tudhatĂł összes adatot rögzĂ­tettĂŒk. Az összeĂĄllĂ­tott nyilvĂĄntartĂĄs kiindulĂłpontul szolgĂĄlhat tovĂĄbbi mƱvĂ©szettörtĂ©neti elemzĂ©sek szĂĄmĂĄra, jelentƑs eredmĂ©nyeket hozhat egy olyan terĂŒleten, amelynek kutatĂĄsĂĄval rĂ©gĂłta adĂłs a mƱvĂ©szettörtĂ©net. A katalĂłgus összeĂĄllĂ­tĂĄsa sorĂĄn mĂĄris alapvetƑ, korĂĄbban ismeretlen összefĂŒggĂ©sek körvonalazĂłdtak. Ezek egy rĂ©sze az elmĂșlt Ă©vekben közlĂ©sre kerĂŒlt, tovĂĄbbi tĂ©makörök feldolgozĂĄs alatt ĂĄllnak. A pĂĄlyĂĄzatban eredetileg vĂĄllalt katalĂłgus összeĂĄllĂ­tĂĄsa azonban maradĂ©ktalanul teljesĂŒlt. | Primary aim of our research was to compile a complete catalogue, based on a topographic inventory of Transylvanian winged altarpieces, dating from the late Gothic, Renaissance and early Baroque period. Thus, the first part of the catalogue contains the full number of altarpieces, wooden-sculptures and panel paintings nowadays known from the period preceding the Reformation, increasing the number of previously known pieces, modifying and completing in several cases the information known on them so far. It was also possible to identify the graphical pattern used in the compositions of several representations. The second part of the catalogue contains the altarpieces dating from the 17th century. As this topic is a much neglected one in art history, a large number of previously unknown pieces have been catalogued on this occasion. We have done our best in inventorying the complete number of these altarpieces, while the catalogue contains all the data known on the entries. The compiled database will serve as starting point for further research and will most probably bring new results in the research of a topic much ignored in art history. While working on the catalogue in point, new art historical connections were already contoured, a number of which have been published during the years of this research, while another part is being presently worked up. The compilation of the catalogue originally undertaken in the project has been entirely fulfilled

    Multiphase carbonate cementation in the Miocene PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄra Sandstone (North Hungary): implications for basinal fluid flow and burial history

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    The paper focuses on the reservoir heterogeneity of a sandstone formation in which the main issue is the evaluation of diagenetic features. Integrated data from field observations as well as petrographic and geochemical analyses from surface and core sections from different structural settings were applied. In the shallow marine PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄra Sandstone, eogenetic minerals are comprised of calcite, pyrite and siderite; mesogenetic minerals are albite, ankerite, calcite, quartz, mixed layer clays and kaolinite. Dissolution occurred during mesogenetic and telogenetic phases. Ankerite is only present in the core setting, where the sandstone is at ca. 900 m depth and diagenetic calcite predates quartz cementation. Based on stable isotopic values (ÎŽ13 CV-PDB −18.3 to −11.4 ‰ and ÎŽ18 OV-PDB −9.5 to −7.2 ‰), diagenetic calcite is of mesogenetic origin and was precipitated from fluids migrated along fault zones from the underlying, organic matter-rich formation. In outcrop setting, on the other hand, calcite is present in a larger quantity and postdates quartz cementation. Carbon isotope data (ÎŽ13 CV-PDB = −9.9 to −5.1 ‰) indicate less contribution of light isotope, whereas more negative oxygen isotopic values (OV-PDB = −13.1 to −9.9 ‰) likely imply higher temperature of mesogenetic fluids. However, carbon–oxygen isotope covariation can indicate precipitation from meteoric fluid. In this case, further analyses are required to delineate the final model

    A kora-miocĂ©n PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄrai HomokkƑ diagenezis-törtĂ©nete

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    Az eggenburgi korĂș, sekĂ©lytengeri környezetben kĂ©pzƑdött PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄrai HomokkƑ FormĂĄciĂłt, mint ismert rezervoĂĄr kƑzet felszĂ­ni analĂłgjĂĄt vizsgĂĄltuk. A szemcseösszetĂ©tel, a diagenezistörtĂ©net Ă©s a porozitĂĄsfejlƑdĂ©s rekonstrukciĂłjĂĄhoz terepi vizsgĂĄlatokat Ă©s petrogrĂĄfiai megfigyelĂ©seket vĂ©geztĂŒnk, melyeket geokĂ©miai mĂ©rĂ©sek egĂ©szĂ­tettek ki. A vizsgĂĄlt, aprĂł-durvaszemcsĂ©s, kƑzettörmelĂ©kes homokkƑben a komponensek mennyisĂ©gi arĂĄnya alapjĂĄn nĂ©gy litofĂĄcies kĂŒlön - böztethetƑ meg; ezek a porĂłzus (LF1), mĂĄtrixgazdag (LF2), cementgazdag (LF3), Ă©s mĂĄtrix- Ă©s cementgazdag (LF4) homokkƑtĂ­pusok. A diagenezis sorĂĄn, az eogenezis tartomĂĄnyĂĄban kĂ©pzƑdött autigĂ©n ĂĄsvĂĄnyok a glaukonit, a fram - boidĂĄlis pirit, sziderit, kĂĄliföldpĂĄt tovĂĄbbnövekedĂ©si cement, kaolinit Ă©s a feltĂ©telezhetƑen nagyon kis mennyisĂ©gƱ kalcit - cement. A legalĂĄbb 80 °C-os hƑmĂ©rsĂ©kletet elĂ©rve, a mezogenezis tartomĂĄnyĂĄban megjelent a kvarc tovĂĄbb növekedĂ©si cement, kevert szerkezetƱ illit/szmektit Ă©s albit keletkezett. Így a fokozatosan betemetƑdött homokkƑben a porozitĂĄs folyamatosan csökkent a kompakciĂł Ă©s a megjelenƑ Ășj ĂĄsvĂĄnyfĂĄzisok miatt. A legnagyobb mennyisĂ©gben megjelenƑ,egyik legkĂ©sƑbbi autigĂ©n ĂĄsvĂĄnyfĂĄzis a kalcit. Ez fƑleg ĂĄsvĂĄnyhelyettesĂ­tĂ©skĂ©nt, kisebb rĂ©szben pedig cementkĂ©nt,elszigetelt lencsĂ©kben van jelen. A rendelkezĂ©sre ĂĄllĂł geokĂ©miai adatok alapjĂĄn, figyelembe vĂ©ve a terĂŒlet földtani felĂ©pĂ­tĂ©sĂ©t, a kalcit eredete több genetikai modellel is magyarĂĄzhatĂł. Ezek szerint kĂ©pzƑdhetett egyrĂ©szt a mezogenezis tartomĂĄnyĂĄban, az ĂŒledĂ©kkel betemetƑdött mĂłdosult tengeri eredetƱ pĂłrusfluidumbĂłl, mĂĄsrĂ©szt keletkezhetett törĂ©sek mentĂ©n a kƑzettestbe ĂĄramlott egzotikus fluidumbĂłl. Ez utĂłbbi esetben is kĂ©t vĂĄltozat lehetsĂ©ges, vagy egy magas hƑmĂ©rsĂ©kletƱ formĂĄciĂłs fluidumbĂłl vĂĄlt ki, vagy egy mĂ©lyre cirkulĂĄlt Ă©s felmelegedett meteorikus eredetƱ fluidumbĂłl. A homokkƑ jelentƑs porozitĂĄssal rendelkezik, fƑleg a kalcitot nem tartalmazĂł rĂ©szeken. Ez a porozitĂĄs a kiemelkedĂ©s sorĂĄn, a felszĂ­n közelĂ©ben alakulhatott ki a beszivĂĄrgĂł meteorikus vizek oldĂł hatĂĄsa rĂ©vĂ©n. A feltĂĄrĂĄsban megjelenƑ kĂŒlönleges mĂĄllĂĄsi formĂĄk kialakulĂĄsĂĄban a homokkƑ diagenezistörtĂ©netĂ©nek jelentƑs szerepe volt. For this paper, the Eggenburgian PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄra Sandstone — a shallow marine siliciclastic formation — was studied as a surface analogue for known reservoir rocks. Field observation in the area of KishartyĂĄn, detailed petrography (including SEM, CL) and geochemical analysis (XRD, SEM-EDS, stable isotope analysis) were applied to find out more about the diagenetic processes, the burial history, the porosity evolution, and their relationship with the weathering forms. The composition of the fine to very coarse-grained sandstones varies between subarenite and litharenite. The most common detrital grains are mono- and polycrystalline quartz and sedimentary rock fragments (cherts, dolomites and metamorphic rock fragments). Ductile grains are represented by micas and altered volcanoclastic rock fragments. Based on the proportion of components, four lithofacies were distinguished: porous sandstone (LF1), matrix-rich sandstone (LF2),cement-rich sandstone (LF3), and matrix and cement rich sandstone (LF4). The eogenetic minerals are: glauconite,framboidal pyrite, flattened rhombohedral siderite crystals, K-feldspar overgrowth cement, kaolinite, and (supposedly)small amounts of calcite. The maximum burial temperature was likely reached at around 80 °C; this is indicated by the presence of quartz overgrowth cement, mixed layer illite/smectite, and replacive and cementing albite. These minerals were formed in the mesogenetic realm. During eogenesis and mesogenesis, the porosity of the sandstone progressively decreased due to compaction and the precipitation of authigenic minerals. Calcite is one of the latest diagenetic minerals and occurs both as a replacive phase and as cement. The distribution of calcite within the studied sandstone is heterogeneous. Calcite is present in elongated lenses where the sandstone has a very low porosity. Considering the geochemical data and the geological setting, the origin of the calcite can be explained by several genetic models. According to these models, the formation of the calcite may have taken place either in the mesogenetic realm from modified marine pore waters (buried together with the sediment), or from an exotic fluid channelled along fault zones. In the second scenario, there are two possibilities regarding the origin of the parent fluid: namely, (a) a formational fluid or (b) a deeply circulated, warmed-up meteoric fluid. The high porosity of the sandstone is the result of dissolution by meteoric water during uplift. Diagenetic evolution of the sandstone had a crucial role in the formation of the weathering morphology

    Dolomitization of shallow-water, mixed silicilastic-carbonate sequences: The Lower Triassic ramp succession of the Transdanubian Range, Hungary

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    The Lower Triassic succession of the Transdanubian Range in Hungary comprises limestones, dolomite, marl, sandstones and siltstones, deposited in tidal flat, lagoon and ooid shoal environments on the marginal ramp of the western Neotethys. Seven cores were chosen for petrographic and stable isotope investigations aiming to reconstruct the paragenetic sequence with special regard to the dolomitization and hydrothermal events. Five lithotypes were differentiated: (i) dolomite, (ii) sandy, silty, clayey dolomite, and dolomarl, (iii), dolomitic siltstone and sandstone, (iv) dolomitic limestone, and (v) limestone. In these lithotypes, three types of dolomites are present: non-ferroan replacive, ferroan replacive, and ferroan cement. Fabric retentive and fabric destructive non-ferroan replacive dolomitization are interpreted to have occurred by seepage reflux. Supporting evidence includes the presence gypsum and anhydrite in the Lower Triassic beds. Stable isotope values of the ferroan dolomite (ή18O of −10.7 to −4.2‰ and ή13C of −4.8 to 4.7‰) suggest dolomitization by fluids of relatively high temperature. The similar stable isotope values (ή18O of −9.3 to −5.8‰ and ή13C of −1.9 to 2.5‰) of the non-ferroan dolomite phase suggest that the reflux dolomite was overprinted by this second dolomitization event. Traces of exotic minerals, such as barite, chalcopyrite, galena and sulphosalts were found as fillings of vugs and fractures in the dolomite-cemented sandstone. The metals could have been sourced from the underlying Permian red sandstone beds. The heterogeneous sediment composition had profound impact on the diagenesis of these sedimentary successions

    A pĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄrai homokkƑ diagenezis szempontĂș petrogrĂĄfiai vizsgĂĄlata a kishartyĂĄni feltĂĄrĂĄsban

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    Az eggenburgi korĂș PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄrai HomokkƑ FormĂĄciĂł egy sekĂ©lytengeri sziliciklasztos kĂ©pzƑdmĂ©ny, amely Észak-MagyarorszĂĄgon jelentƑs terĂŒleten jelenik meg a felszĂ­nen. DiplomamunkĂĄm sorĂĄn a kĂ©pzƑdmĂ©nyt, mint lehetsĂ©ges rezervoĂĄr kƑzet felszĂ­ni analĂłgiĂĄjĂĄt vizsgĂĄltam, a KishartyĂĄn mellett talĂĄlhatĂł „KƑlyukoldal” nevƱ feltĂĄrĂĄsban. A rĂ©szletes terepi Ă©s petrogrĂĄfiai (CL, SEM) megfigyelĂ©sek geokĂ©miai vizsgĂĄlatokkal (XRD, EDS, stabil izotĂłp) vizsgĂĄlatok egĂ©szĂŒltek ki. Ezek segĂ­tsĂ©gĂ©vel sikerĂŒlt meghatĂĄrozni a homokkƑ törmelĂ©kes összetĂ©telĂ©t, rekonstruĂĄlni a diagenezis törtĂ©netĂ©t, valamit a porozitĂĄs vĂĄltozĂĄsĂĄt ennek folyamĂĄn. Emellett kĂ©pet kaptunk a feltĂĄrĂĄsban megjelenƑ kĂŒlönleges mĂĄllĂĄsi formĂĄk Ă©s diagenezis összefĂŒggĂ©sirƑl is. A dolgozat tartalmaz egy mĂłdszertani rĂ©szt, melyben diagenezis vizsgĂĄlatok sorĂĄn ĂĄltalĂĄnosan hasznĂĄlt pontszĂĄmolĂĄs mechanikus Ă©s szoftveres mĂłdszerĂ©t hasonlĂ­tottam össze a vizsgĂĄlt mintĂĄkon. A vizsgĂĄlt mintĂĄk aprĂł- durvaszemcsĂ©s homokkövek, az ĂŒledĂ©kszerkezetek ĂĄltalĂĄban nehezen ismerhetƑek fel a felszĂ­ni mĂĄllĂĄs miatt. A kƑzettörmelĂ©kes homokkövek leggyakoribb vĂĄzalkotĂł szemcsĂ©i a mono- Ă©s polikristĂĄlyos kvarc, az ĂŒledĂ©kes kƑzettörmelĂ©k-szemcsĂ©ket kĂ©pviselƑ tƱzkƑ Ă©s dolomit, illetve a metamorf kƑzettörmelĂ©k-szemcsĂ©k. A kĂ©plĂ©keny szemcsĂ©ket a csillĂĄmok Ă©s mĂĄllott vulkĂĄni eredetƱ kƑzettörmelĂ©k-szemcsĂ©k kĂ©pviselik. A mĂĄtrix eloszlĂĄsa Ă©s megjelenĂ©si formĂĄi vĂĄltozatosak. A kĂ©pzƑdmĂ©nyben szabad szemmel Ă©s mikroszkĂłpos pontszĂĄmolĂĄs segĂ­tsĂ©gĂ©vel litofĂĄciesek kĂŒlönĂ­thetƑek el, melyek a törmelĂ©kes Ă©s diagenetikus komponenseik alapjĂĄn kĂŒlönböznek egymĂĄstĂłl. Ezek a következƑk: 1) porĂłzus homokkƑ (LF1), mĂĄtrix-gazdag homokkƑ (LF2), 3) cement-gazdag homokkƑ (LF3) Ă©s 4) mĂĄtrix- Ă©s cement tartalmĂș homokkƑ (LF4). A homokkƑben az eogenezis zĂłnĂĄjĂĄban megjelenƑ legkorĂĄbbi autigĂ©n ĂĄsvĂĄnyok a dolomit szemcsĂ©k körĂ© növƑ sziderit, a framboidĂĄlis pirit Ă©s a kis mennyisĂ©gƱ, ĂĄltalĂĄban bioklasztok vĂĄzkitöltƑ ĂŒledĂ©kĂ©bƑl kĂ©pzƑdƑ glaukonit voltak. MegjelenĂ©sĂŒk reduktĂ­v környezetet jelez, a sekĂ©ly eltemetƑdĂ©s zĂłnĂĄjĂĄban. A fokozatos eltemetƑdĂ©s sorĂĄn a mezogenezis zĂłnĂĄjĂĄban a kĂ©pzƑdmĂ©ny legalĂĄbb 80oC-os hƑmĂ©rsĂ©klet tartomĂĄnyba kerĂŒlt, a megjelenƑ kvarc tovĂĄbbnövekedĂ©si cement tanĂșsĂĄga szerint. EgyĂ©b mezogenetikus ĂĄsvĂĄnyok a kevert szerkezetƱ illit/szmektit, az ĂĄsvĂĄnyhelyettesĂ­tƑ albit Ă©s feltĂ©telezhetƑen a kaolinit egy rĂ©sze. Az eogenezis Ă©s a mezogenezis tartomĂĄnyĂĄban a kĂ©pzƑdmĂ©ny porozitĂĄsa folyamatosan csökkent, amiben nagyobb rĂ©szt a kompakciĂłnak, kisebb rĂ©szt a megjelenƑ Ășj ĂĄsvĂĄnyfĂĄzisoknak volt szerepe. A homokkƑben legnagyobb mennyisĂ©gben megjelenƑ, egyik legkĂ©sƑbbi ĂĄsvĂĄnyfĂĄzis a kalcit, amely javarĂ©szt ĂĄsvĂĄnyhelyettesĂ­tĂ©skĂ©nt, kisebb rĂ©szben pedig cementkĂ©nt van jelen. A jelen pillanatban rendelkezĂ©sre ĂĄllĂł geokĂ©miai informĂĄciĂłk birtokĂĄban, a terĂŒlet földtani felĂ©pĂ­tĂ©sĂ©nek figyelembe vĂ©telĂ©vel nem dönthetƑ el egyĂ©rtelmƱen, hogy egy mĂłdosult meteorikus eredetƱ, vagy egy formĂĄciĂłs fluidumbĂłl vĂĄlt ki. Elszigetelt foltokban, lencsĂ©kben jelenik meg, ezeken a terĂŒleteken a kĂ©pzƑdmĂ©ny porozitĂĄsa minimĂĄlis. ValĂłszĂ­nƱleg telogenetikus eredetƱek a viszonylag nagy mennyisĂ©gben megjelenƑ kaolinit Ă©s a kis mennyisĂ©gƱ kĂĄliföldpĂĄt tovĂĄbbnövekedĂ©si cement. A kĂ©pzƑdmĂ©ny jelenleg jelentƑs porozitĂĄssal rendelkezik, fƑleg a kalcit cementet nem tartalmazĂł rĂ©szeken, ez a porozitĂĄs a kiemelkedĂ©s sorĂĄn a felszĂ­n közelĂ©ben alakulhatott ki. A diagenezistörtĂ©net utolsĂł fĂĄzisĂĄban a felszĂ­nrƑl beszivĂĄrgĂł meteorikus fluidumok jelentƑs mĂ©rtĂ©kƱ oldĂłdĂĄshoz vezettek, mely kihangsĂșlyozta a cementĂĄciĂłs kĂŒlönbsĂ©geket. Ennek köszönhetƑen jöttek lĂ©tre a feltĂĄrĂĄsban lĂĄtott mĂĄllĂĄsi formĂĄk

    Multiphase carbonate cementation in the Miocene PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄra Sandstone (North Hungary): implications for basinal fluid flow and burial history

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    The paper focuses on the reservoir heterogeneity of a sandstone formation in which the main issue is the evaluation of diagenetic features. Integrated data from field observations as well as petrographic and geochemical analyses from surface and core sections from different structural settings were applied. In the shallow marine PĂ©tervĂĄsĂĄra Sandstone, eogenetic minerals are comprised of calcite, pyrite and siderite; mesogenetic minerals are albite, ankerite, calcite, quartz, mixed layer clays and kaolinite. Dissolution occurred during mesogenetic and telogenetic phases. Ankerite is only present in the core setting, where the sandstone is at ca. 900 m depth and diagenetic calcite predates quartz cementation. Based on stable isotopic values (ÎŽ13 CV-PDB −18.3 to −11.4 ‰ and ÎŽ18 OV-PDB −9.5 to −7.2 ‰), diagenetic calcite is of mesogenetic origin and was precipitated from fluids migrated along fault zones from the underlying, organic matter-rich formation. In outcrop setting, on the other hand, calcite is present in a larger quantity and postdates quartz cementation. Carbon isotope data (ÎŽ13 CV-PDB = −9.9 to −5.1 ‰) indicate less contribution of light isotope, whereas more negative oxygen isotopic values (OV-PDB = −13.1 to −9.9 ‰) likely imply higher temperature of mesogenetic fluids.However, carbon–oxygen isotope covariation can indicate precipitation from meteoric fluid. In this case, further analyses are required to delineate the final model

    Territorial differences of climate change impact on Romanian crop production

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    Effects of the climate change appear in several fields of the economy and agriculture can be considered as one of the most affected among them. In a country, where almost 10% of the total GDP is produced by the agricultural sector and more than 30% of the total work force is employed in this field, these changes may have severe economic impacts. As in Romania almost 65% of the agricultural production is represented by vegetal production, we concentrate our investigations on this agricultural sector. Our aim is to present, basing on econometric modeling, how the climate changes will affect the Romanian crop production in the next 20 years, highlighting the territorial differences which appear between the Romanian NUTS2 development regions. This paper presents some of the first results of the FP6 research project “CLAVIER – Climate Change and Variability: Impact on Central and Eastern Europe”, contract no. 037013 (2006-2009)
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