A DESESTRUTURAÇÃO FAMILIAR E O ADOLESCENTE EM CONFLITO COM A LEI: PONTOS E CONTRAPONTOS

The discussion about teenagers who engage in violent actions have been considered a large social problem, whether as victims or as perpetrators. In this context, this research, carried out in the area of Human Rights aims higher, understand which elements of the family dynamic of adolescents in conflict with the law, which are a measure of deprivation of liberty, in the Socio-Educational System, the municipality of Barra do Garças-MT, contributed to these enter in the world of infraction. This is an exploratory research, qualitative approach, which analyses, so narrow, the family dynamics of these interns. It was used in theoretical discussion, works of Kozen, Dias, Tepedino, Statute of children and adolescents, among others. Already the field research was carried out in the aforementioned institution. It is concluded that the home environment can influence the teenager to commit unlawful acts.A discussão sobre adolescentes que se envolvem em ações violentas tem sido considerada um problema social de grandes dimensões, seja como vítimas, seja como autores. Nessa conjuntura, esta pesquisa, realizada na área de Direitos Humanos, tem por objetivo maior compreender quais elementos da dinâmica familiar de adolescentes em conflito com a lei, que estão cumprindo medida de privação de liberdade, no sistema socioeducativo, do município de Barra do Garças – MT, contribuíram para que estes ingressassem no mundo da infração. Trata-se de uma a pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, que analisa, de modo estreito, a dinâmica familiar desses internos. Utilizou-se em discussão teórica, obras de Kozen, Dias, Tepedino, Estatuto da criança e do Adolescente, dentre outras. Já a pesquisa de campo foi realizada na instituição supracitada. Conclui-se que o ambiente familiar pode influenciar os adolescentes à prática de atos ilícitos.

Assistive technology for an inclusive school for schoolchildren with special needs: autism spectrum disorders

Background: The debate and research over autism spectrum disorders (ASD) encounter a theoretical and interpretive impasse that reflects our inability to provide a coherent definition. This challenge is confirmed by the current description of the condition as a spectrum, and its management stretches the limits of the various relevant fields of knowledge and research, including medicine, psychology, language and communication, education, sociology, human rights, ethics and legal issues, philosophy. Objectives: In the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to persons with physical disabilities, technology has been tool. In the case of ASD, however, although some lines of research are focused on the study of sensory defects, the cause appears to lie, not only in perception, but also in interpretation of stimuli from the outside world. Since we entered the “digital era”, the use of technology as an assistive tool in interpretation of the surrounding world appears to provide a borderline between our knowledge and the dark area of our ignorance. For tackling this, an interdisciplinary approach is required. Which kind of assistive technology (AT) should be employed in the case of ASD, which leads us to an encounter with the theoretical and institutional void that the stormy pace of the digital transformation and evolution has created. Methods: Searching was through PubMed, National Institute of Health (NIH) publications, the official websites of European Union , Autism Europe, resources were found in the library of the University of Macedonia. Ninety eight papers were identified through the literature review in the period 2000-2021 Results: A features of postmodern society that is taking shape under the influence of the digital technology could be the crossing from the physical reality into the virtual realm. Another feature might be the reference to symbolic language that characterizes the various different fields of knowledge, together with their protocols and communication jargon. This entails the creation of hybrid knowledge which is expanding our physical world, and which makes possible intercommunication between isolated disciplinary fields. People with ASD feel more at ease when dealing with digital entities than in interaction with other people. Also individuals who are involved in the digital realm for long periods present characteristics similar to those of ASD. Could the creation of a virtual realm be possible, which would act as a common locus between the so-called normal and people with ASD. Conclusion: We conducted a preliminary study to explore the possibility of an interdisciplinary research program with the participation of experts from the various fields involved in the many aspects of ASD

Tech-Aided Interventions for Vocational Skills in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Employment appears to be one of the greatest problems individuals with ASD have to deal with during their transition to adult life. In particular, unemployment or underemployment appears to be common among them, which suggests a gap in employment theory and practice focusing on the needs of this population. Tech-aided interventions appear to be promising since they can provide them opportunities to access competitive employment. The purpose of the current article is to examine the use of technology in interventions for adolescents and young adults with ASD in school, home, and community settings. In particular, it focused on the users of technology, the goals addressed, the type of technology employed, the contexts in which intervention practices were employed, and the outcomes for adolescents and young adults with ASD. In most of the studies, positive results were recorded and the importance of the work-related social skills was underlined. Technology appears to show potential for the enhancement of vocational skills of adolescents and young adults with ASD. Future research should focus on the improvement of work-related social skills and the skills needed for successful job seeking and an interview process. The maintenance and the generalization of the acquired skills should be examined too

Mapping Knowledge and Training Needs in Teachers Working with Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Investigation

Countries seek to implement sustainable policies for supporting professionals working with students with an autism spectrum disorder. These policies can advance more slowly in developing states like Romania and Greece. As such, this study aimed to investigate the reported knowledge and training needs of professionals working with ASD students to inform policymakers. Using a cross-sectional design, 475 Romanian and 211 Greek specialists completed an online questionnaire on the following dimensions: diagnosis and assessment of ASD, management of behavioural problems in ASD students, communication skills, technology, teaching, and e-learning platforms. The results showed that Greek professionals have higher levels of ASD knowledge compared to Romanian respondents (MGreece = 15.2, SDGreece = 4.22; MRomania = 13.7, SDRomania = 3.88; U = 39703, p Greece = 26, SDGreece = 2.98; MRomania = 27.2, SDRomania = 1.84; U = 35556, p < 0.001). Both countries reported the lowest level of knowledge in innovative teaching technologies and high training needs using an e-learning platform. The results emphasise important gaps in the educational programmes for ASD professionals

The Contribution of Machine Learning and Eye-Tracking Technology in Autism Spectrum Disorder Research: A Systematic Review

Early and objective autism spectrum disorder (ASD) assessment, as well as early intervention are particularly important and may have long term benefits in the lives of ASD people. ASD assessment relies on subjective rather on objective criteria, whereas advances in research point to up-to-date procedures for early ASD assessment comprising eye-tracking technology, machine learning, as well as other assessment tools. This systematic review, the first to our knowledge of its kind, provides a comprehensive discussion of 30 studies irrespective of the stimuli/tasks and dataset used, the algorithms applied, the eye-tracking tools utilised and their goals. Evidence indicates that the combination of machine learning and eye-tracking technology could be considered a promising tool in autism research regarding early and objective diagnosis. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also presented

Occurrence and correlates of anxiety and depression in carers of autistic children across three nations

Purpose: Caring for an autistic child is associated with elevated stress, anxiety and depression. Although some data suggest that ‘child’ or ‘carer’ factors may moderate the severity of carer distress, relatively few international comparisons have been made, limiting the generalizability of previous findings. This study aimed&#13; to address this issue.&#13; Method: A survey-based comparison was made of carers from three nations (Australia, Denmark, Greece), and the effects of demographic, child, and carer variables upon carer anxiety and depression were&#13; investigated.&#13; Results: Only limited cross-nation consistency was found for nation, child, or carer variables and their effects upon carer anxiety or depression.&#13; Conclusion: The application of universal treatment models for carer anxiety and depression may be of differing value across nations