Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: a case report and review of the literature

Embryonal (undifferentiated) sarcoma is a primitive and unusual malignant neoplasm of the liver that occurs mainly in children between 6 and 10 years of age. The aim of this case report is to describe one case of this neoplasm, emphasizing clinical and anatomopathological findings as well as review the literature about the theme.O sarcoma embrionário (indiferenciado) é uma neoplasia mesenquimal maligna incomum e primária do fígado, que acomete principalmente crianças na faixa etária entre 6 e 10 anos de idade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso dessa neoplasia, enfatizando os aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos, bem como revisar a literatura sobre o tema.45545

Comparison of prophylactic and therapeutic use of short-chain fatty acid enemas in diversion colitis: a study in Wistar rats

OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of short-chain fatty-acids on atrophy and inflammation of excluded colonic segments before and after the development of diversion colitis. INTRODUCTION: Diversion colitis is a chronic inflammatory process affecting the dysfunctional colon, possibly evolving with mucous and blood discharge. The most favored hypotheses to explain its development is short-chain fatty-acid deficiency in the colon lumen. METHODS: Wistar rats were submitted to colostomy with distal colon exclusion. Two control groups (A1 and B1) received rectally administered physiological saline, whereas two experimental groups (A2 and B2) received rectally administered short-chain fatty-acids. The A groups were prophylactically treated (5th to 40th days postoperatively), whereas the B groups were therapeutically treated (after post-operative day 40). The mucosal thickness of the excluded colon was measured histologically. The inflammatory reaction of the mucosal lamina propria and the lymphoid tissue response were quantified through established scores. RESULTS: There was a significant thickness recovery of the colonic mucosa in group B2 animals (p = 0.0001), which also exhibited a significant reduction in the number of eosinophilic polymorphonuclear cells in the lamina propria (p = 0.0126) and in the intestinal lumen (p = 0.0256). Group A2 showed no mucosal thickness recovery and significant increases in the numbers of lymphocytes (p = 0.0006) and eosinophilic polymorphonuclear cells in the lamina propria of the mucosa (p = 0.0022). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic use of short-chain fatty-acids significantly reduced eosinophilic polymorphonuclear cell numbers in the intestinal wall and in the colonic lumen; it also reversed the atrophy of the colonic mucosa. Prophylactic use did not impede the development of mucosal atrophy

Sarcoma indiferenciado (embrionário) do fígado: relato de caso e revisão da literatura Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: a case report and review of the literature

O sarcoma embrionário (indiferenciado) é uma neoplasia mesenquimal maligna incomum e primária do fígado, que acomete principalmente crianças na faixa etária entre 6 e 10 anos de idade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso dessa neoplasia, enfatizando os aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos, bem como revisar a literatura sobre o tema.Embryonal (undifferentiated) sarcoma is a primitive and unusual malignant neoplasm of the liver that occurs mainly in children between 6 and 10 years of age. The aim of this case report is to describe one case of this neoplasm, emphasizing clinical and anatomopathological findings as well as review the literature about the theme

Hemangioma colorretal Colon rectal hemangioma

O hemangioma colorretal (HCR) é uma lesão vascular benigna rara, com manifestação clínica geralmente entre 5 e 25 anos de idade. Faz parte do diagnóstico diferencial das causas de hemorragia digestiva baixa, sendo confundido, na maioria das vezes, com entidades mais comuns, como hemorróidas e doenças inflamatórias intestinais. O retardo do diagnóstico ocorre freqüentemente devido ao desconhecimento da doença, com taxas de mortalidade alcançando 40 a 50% na presença de sangramento importante. O caso relatado é de uma paciente de 17 anos de idade, admitida no Serviço de Colo-proctologia do Hospital Universitário - HUUFMA, em setembro de 2005, com anemia e sangramento retal, desde a infância, de forma intermitente e não dolorosa. Apresentado sua história clínica e propedêutica diagnóstica, realizada por meio de exames laboratoriais, endoscopia digestiva alta, colonoscopia e arteriografia de mesentéricas e ilíacas internas. O tratamento cirúrgico realizado foi retossigmoidectomia convencional com anastomose colorretal baixa, com boa evolução pós-operatória, tendo o exame histopatológico da peça cirúrgica ressecada, confirmado o diagnostico.<br>The colon and rectum hemangioma is a rare benign vascular lesion, with clinical features usually between 5 and 25 years of age. It is included in the differential diagnose of the lower digestive bleeding causes, and has been frequently misdiagnosed with other more common entities, like hemorrhoids and bowel inflammatory disease. The late diagnose occurs usually because of the rarity of the disease, with mortality rates reaching 40 to 50% in presence of severe bleeding. We report a case of a 17 years old girl who was admitted at the Coloproctology Service of the Academic Hospital - HUUFMA, in September 2005, with anemia and intermittent rectal bleeding since childhood. Laboratorial findings included laboratorial exams, GI endoscopy, colonoscopy and arteriography of mesenteric and internal iliacs arteries. Conventional rectosigmoidectomy with low colorectal anastomosis was done, with good postoperative evolution and histopathologic examination of the resected specimen