Electrical Insulation Characteristics Of P Epdm Blends With Aln, Al2o3 And Rganoclay Nanofillers

Insulator failure as a result of ageing or contamination flashover is the major cause of line outages. When the surface of an insulator is contaminated under wet condition, the surface layer become conductive and caused leakage current to flow on the layer. The insulator exposed to the leakage current will eventually experience a severe damage. Recently, the outdoor insulation made from glass or porcelain which is used in power system since long time ago have gradually replaced with polymeric insulators. Thus, many research has been conducted in polymeric insulators mainly PP/EPDM. Although the research on the PP/EPDM has been carried out, so far there are no reported studies on dielectric properties and resistance and erosion to tracking with various filler loading of PP/EPDM blends. Thus, in this project, the investigation on dielectric properties and resistance and erosion to tracking of the PP/EPDM blends with three types of nanofillers such as Al2O3, AlN and organoclay was carried out. The percentage of filler loading for each specimen is 2 vol%, 4 vol%, 6 vol% and 8 vol%. The effects of Al2O3, AlN and organoclay nanofillers with various loading on dielectric properties, resistance and erosion to tracking, thermal conductivity and hydrophobicity of PP/EPDM blends were experimentally investigated. The result revealed that the addition of 2 vol% of Al2O3 and organoclay nanofillers into the PP/EPDM blend has increased the dielectric strength by 4.13% and 4.33%, respectively from that without nanofiller. In the other hand, the AlN has decreased the dielectric strength of PP/EPDM blends by 1.79%. The 2 vol% of Al2O3 nanocomposites has slightly same dielectric constant and higher dielectric strength with the unfilled PP/EPDM. The results revealed that addition of nanofillers significantly improved the resistance and erosion to tracking. The mass loss and erosion depth of the PP/EPDM nanocomposites decreased with the increase in filler loading. The PP/EPDM filled with 4 vol% organoclay and 6 vol% Al2O3 odward is considered to have hydrophilic surfaces. The PP/EPDM with AlN nanofiller reduces the hydrophobicity condition of the material when the concentrations of the filler increased and maintained the hydrophobic surface condition at 8 vol%

Electrical tree inception voltage and propagation in XLPE containing silica nanofiller

This paper presents the tree inception voltage and electrical tree propagation in XLPE containing silica nanofiller. The concentration of silica nanofillers in XLPE was 0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 1.75 wt%. The needle plate electrodes were used to analyzed the tree inception voltage and electrical treeing propagation. The structure and the propagation length of electrical tree growth were analyzed after 20 min of tree inception voltage. The result of tree inception voltage and the electrical tree propagation in XLPE containing silica nanofiller was compared with pure XLPE composite. The silica nanofiller with the concentration of 1.5 wt% revealed the higher TIV and slower propagation of electrical tree in the XLPE nanocomposite

Effect of silica nanofiller in cross-linked polyethylene as electrical tree growth inhibitor

One of the main phenomena that contributes to the non-success of cable insulation made of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) is electrical treeing. To improve the XPLE cable insulation, the use of nanofiller has been introduced. Adding the nanofiller in the based composite offers better cable lifetime and resistance to deal with the cable failure. One of the potential nanofillers that can increase the insulation performance of XLPE cable is silica nanofiller. To this extent, the studies on silica nanofiller in XLPE are focusing on the impulse breakdown strength, dielectric loss, permittivity, space charge, alternating current (AC), and partial discharge. The studies reveal that the dielectric properties of the XLPE nanocomposite have significant improvement. Therefore, this work investigates the effect of various concentrations of silica nanofiller in XLPE composite as electrical tree inhibitor. The concentrations of silica nanofiller in XLPE were 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.75 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.25 wt%, 1.5 wt%, and 1.75 wt%. The silica nanofillers have 96%-99% purity, 20-30 nm sizes and the shapes are spherical. As a result, the XLPE composite containing 1.5 wt% silica nanofiller demonstrate higher tree inception voltage and detaining the tree propagation speed, which could be considered as an inhibitor medium of electrical tree growt

Performance Evaluation of Edge-Based Segmentation Methods for Electrical Tree Image Analysis in High-Voltage Experiments

This research evaluates the performance of edge-based segmentation methods in analysing two-dimensional (2D) electrical tree images obtained during high-voltage (HV) electrical tree experiments. Non-uniform illumination in 2D optical images poses challenges in accurately extracting and measuring the original treeing image. Edge segmentation emerges as a promising solution to precisely distinguish tree structures from the insulation background within the image. Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) samples were subjected to HV stress for real-time propagation observation, followed by extraction and segmentation of treeing images using edge-based operators. The findings emphasize the superiority of the Roberts edge operator in accurately detecting electrical trees, showcasing the highest average accuracy of 97.01% and 99.58% specificity, while also demonstrating relatively high sensitivity. Moreover, the Roberts method provide much precisely measures the propagation length and width than conventional measurement method, closely approximating the actual tree measurements. This research emphasizes the significance of accurate segmentation for investigating electrical tree propagation in XLPE materials and provides recommendations for future research, especially in HV XLPE cable manufacturing

Effect of silica nanofiller in cross-linked polyethylene as electrical tree growth inhibitor

One of the main phenomena that contributes to the non-success of cable insulation made of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) is electrical treeing. To improve the XPLE cable insulation, the use of nanofiller has been introduced. Adding the nanofiller in the based composite offers better cable lifetime and resistance to deal with the cable failure. One of the potential nanofillers that can increase the insulation performance of XLPE cable is silica nanofiller. To this extent, the studies on silica nanofiller in XLPE are focusing on the impulse breakdown strength, dielectric loss, permittivity, space charge, alternating current (AC), and partial discharge. The studies reveal that the dielectric properties of the XLPE nanocomposite have significant improvement. Therefore, this work investigates the effect of various concentrations of silica nanofiller in XLPE composite as electrical tree inhibitor. The concentrations of silica nanofiller in XLPE were 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.75 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.25 wt%, 1.5 wt%, and 1.75 wt%. The silica nanofillers have 96%-99% purity, 20-30 nm sizes and the shapes are spherical. As a result, the XLPE composite containing 1.5 wt% silica nanofiller demonstrate higher tree inception voltage and detaining the tree propagation speed, which could be considered as an inhibitor medium of electrical tree growth

Electrical Tree Image De-Noising using Threshold Wavelet Transform and Wiener Filter

Electrical treeing occurred in solid dielectric materials, especially in electrical application with high voltage. The occurrence of electrical tree happens when high electric fields applied, causing tiny channels or paths to form. The main issue during the data collection process is the changes of lighting, making it difficult to study the tree's propagation length, fractal dimension, and growth rate due to corrupted images. This research aims to analyse electrical tree structure images in XLPE material using a CCD camera and develop image de-noising techniques to suppress noise on the electrical tree image. The performance was then analysed using the Otsu thresholding algorithm for accurate segmentation. The methodology was divided into four phases: sample preparation, experimental setup, image pre-processing in MATLAB, and testing four de-noising filters: Wiener, median, NLM, and Gaussian. The Wiener filter with higher PSNR, SNR, and RMSE was selected and using superimposed method, both threshold wavelet transforms and wiener was combined to eliminate the noise. Finally, the proposed method of superimposed was tested with the Otsu thresholding method to evaluate accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the combination filter. Based on the analysis of PSNR, SNR, and RMSE, the performance of the threshold wavelet and Wiener filter (TWWF) de-noising technique improves the image quality of the electrical tree structure. Thus, for the Otsu thresholding segmentation algorithm analysis, it also had the highest values in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity

Proceedings of International Technical Postgraduate Conference 2022

This conference proceedings contains articles on the various research ideas of the academic & research communities presented at the International Technical Postgraduate Conference 2022 (TECH POST 2022) that was held at Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on 24-25 September 2022. TECH POST 2022 was organized by the Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya. The theme of the conference is “Embracing Innovative Engineering Technologies Towards a Sustainable Future”.  TECH POST 2022 conference is intended to foster the dissemination of state-of-the-art research from five main disciplines of Engineering: Electrical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Chemical Engineering. The objectives of TECH POST 2022 are to bring together innovative researchers from all engineering disciplines to a common forum, promote R&D activities in Engineering, and promote the dissemination of scientific knowledge and research know-how between researchers, engineers, and students. Conference Title: International Technical Postgraduate Conference 2022Conference Acronym: TECH POST 2022Conference Date: 24-25 September 2022Conference Location: Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia (Hybrid Mode)Conference Organizers: Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia