Model Penganggaran Penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Bersumber Dari Anggaran Pendapatan Dan Belanja Negara Melalui Dana Perimbangan

Regional head elections were held simultaneously on December 9, 2020, followed by 9 provinces, 224 districts and 37 cities in the territory of Indonesia. The budget for holding the simultaneous regional head elections in 2020 is sourced from a Regional Budget (APBD) grant from the Regional Government. However, the budgeting process sourced from the APBD had encountered problems, there were 3 provinces and 58 districts / cities that had not signed the Regional Grant Agreement (NPHD) even though it had passed the deadline for the NPHD preparation and signing stages, namely on October 1, 2019. Budget issues This will continue to be repeated as long as the regional head elections are still sourced from the APBD. This study aims to provide an idea of the budgeting model for regional head elections sourced from the State Budget through the Balancing Fund, namely the General Allocation Fund (DAU) and the Special Allocation Fund (DAK). This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The technique of collecting data through literature study. The results of this study indicate that budgeting sourced from the APBN through the balance fund will be able to accommodate the budget needs for the implementation of regional head elections, simplify complicated administration, and be free of budget political intervention in the regions.  Keywords : Pilkada Budgeting Model, APBN, Balancing Fund, DAU, DA

Karakteristik dan Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Produksi ASI Ibu Nifas: Preliminary Study di Puskesmas Kota Semarang

Approximately 38-63% of primiparous postpartum mothers experience lactation insufficiency, which has an impact on not breastfeeding their babies. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and factors associated with postpartum mothers' milk production at the Public Health Center of Semarang City. This type of research is observational and cross-sectional design. The population of all postpartum women in Semarang City in October 2021, was taken by cluster random sampling at 8 selected health centers and a sample of 124 postpartum women. Methods of collecting data were questionnaires and data analysis with chi-square. The results of the research are the characteristics of mothers with an average age of 28 years, 56.5% of secondary education, 40% of primiparous parity, 59% of normal BMI, 92.7% of normal LILA, average age of the baby was 7 days, 82.3% of moderate anxiety level, 99.2% off good staff support, 58.9% of good surveillance worker support, 91.1% of good family support, 82.3% of more calorie intake of 2200 kcal, 62.1% of 1600 ml more fluid intake. There was a relationship between anxiety, family support, health volunteer support, calorie and fluid intake with breast milk production (p-value <0.05). There was no relationship between the support of health workers with postpartum mothers' milk production (p = 0.166). Mother’s psychological condition while breastfeeding, support from family, and health insurance are important things in increasing breast milk production as a continuation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding. In addition, calorie and fluid intake need to be considered to maintain the adequacy of mother's milk.Sekitar 38-63% ibu nifas primipara mengalami insufisiensi laktasi, sehingga memberikan dampak tidak menyusui bayinya. Preliminary study ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karaktersitik dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan produksi ASI ibu nifas di Puskesmas Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian observasional dan desain crossectional. Populasi semua ibu nifas di Kota Semarang bulan Oktober 2021, diambil secara cluster random sampling di 8 Puskesmas terpilih dan besar sampel 124 ibu nifas. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisa data chi square. Hasil penelitian karakteristik ibu umur rata-rata 28 tahun, pendidikan menengah 56,5%, paritas primipara 40%, IMT normal 59%, LILA normal 92,7%, rata-rata umur bayi 7 hari, tingkat kecemasan sedang 82,3%, dukungan petugas 99,2% baik, dukungan gasurkes 58,9% baik, dukungan keluarga 91,1% baik, asupan kalori lebih 2200 kkal sebesar 82,3%, asupan cairan lebih 1600 ml sebesar 62,1%. Ada hubungan kecemasan, dukungan keluarga, dukungan gasurkes, asupan kalori dan cairan dengan produksi ASI (p value<0,05). Tidak ada hubungan dukungan petugas kesehatan dengan produksi ASI ibu nifas (p =0,166). Kondisi psikologi ibu saat menyusui, dukungan dari keluarga dan gasurkes merupakan hal penting dalam meningkatkan produksi ASI sebagai keberlanjutan menyusui dan ASI Eksklusif. Selain itu asupan kalori dan cairan perlu diperhatikan sebagai upaya mempertahankan kecukupan ASI ibu

Strategi Pengembangan Bisnis Olahan Ikan Beku di PT XYZ: Frozen Fish Processing Business Development Strategy at PT XYZ

Perkembangan makanan beku Indonesia mengalami peningkatan permintaan yang cukup signifikan pada saat situasi pandemic COVID-19. Perkembangan tersebut sejalan dengan kenaikan permintaan makanan olahan ikan beku Indonesia, yang kini mendapatkan nilai lebih dari masyarakat. Pengembangan bisnis olahan ikan memiliki potensi yang tinggi untuk dikembangkan, mengingat kemudahan dalam mendapatkan, menyimpan serta menyajikan untuk dihidangkan sebagai tambahan lauk dalam konsumsi keseharian. Tujuan penelitian adalah Menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal olahan ikan PT XYZ, Merumuskan alternatif strategi pengembangan usaha PT XYZ, menentukan prioritas strategi kebijakan untuk pengembangan usaha PT XYZ. Pengambilan data dilakukan di PT XYZ yang berlokasi di Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur pada Juli hingga September 2021. Metode penelitian secara deskriptif, diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan matriks IFE, EFE, IE, SWOT dan QSPM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat bahan baku ikan beku yaitu ikan swangi. Ada 7 alternatif strategi diantaranya yaitu menjual produk kepada distributor tunggal, produksi ikan segar beku, menambah jaringan distributor luar Jawa Timur, meningkatkan branding, mengolah ikan menjadi bubur ikan, dan kampanye ikan sebagai sumber protein. Prioritas yang dihasilkan dari penelitian adalah memproduksi ikan beku kualitas ekspor sebagai produk baru menjadi alternatif yang paling prioritas yang dapat dilakukan oleh perusahaan. Hingga saat ini komoditas ikan yang digunakan adalah ikan swanggi menjadi bahan baku utama perusahaan yang kemudian diolah menjadi aneka olahan ikan beku. Sehingga harapannya PT XYZ tidak hanya menjual produk di pasar domestik, akan tetapi pasar internasional menjadi sebuah peluang bagi perusahaanThe development of frozen food production in Indonesia have a significant increase in demand during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. This development is in line with the increasing demand for Indonesian seafood frozen, which are now getting more added value from the community. The development of the fish processing business has high potential to be developed, considering the ease of obtaining, storing and serving to serve as an additional side dish in the daily life. The research objectives are to analyze the internal and external factors of PT XYZ processed fish, formulating alternative business development strategies of PT XYZ, determining the priority of the policy strategy for the business development of PT XYZ. Descriptive research method, processed and analyzed using IFE, EFE, IE, SWOT and QSPM matrices. The results showed that there were raw material fo frozen is swangi fish. In addition, 7 alternative strategies including selling products to sole distributors, producing frozen fresh seafood, adding distributors outside East Java, increasing branding, processing fish into minced fish, and campaigning for fish as a source of protein. The priority resulting from the research is producing export grade frozen fresh seafood as a new product to be the most priority alternative that can be done by the company. So hopefully PT XYZ not only selling products in the domestic market, but the international market becomes an opportunity for the company

EFFECT OF MUSA BALBISIANA COLLA EXTRACT ON BREAST MILK PRODUCTION IN BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS

Background: Musa balbisiana Colla, known as Jantung Pisang Klutuk/Pisang Batu, is considered as a traditional food that can increase breast milk production. Little is known about its benefit in Indonesia. Thus, to examine the impact of musa balbisiana colla on the production of breast milk is needed. Objective: This study aims to examine the effect of the extract of banana flower (Musa balbisiana Colla) to increase milk production of breastfeeding mothers. Methods: This was a quasy-experimental study with pre-posttest control group design. This study was conducted in the working area of the Health Center (Puskesmas) of Pesantren II in January – February 2017. There were 16 respondents were recruited by accidental sampling, divided to intervention group (8 respondents) and control group (8 respondents). Randomization was performed to select the respondent in each group. The quantity of milk production was measured based on the volume of milk production, while the quality of milk production was based on the levels of prolactin in early (pre) and late (post) using Electro chemilumi-nescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Independent t-Test was used to analyze the data. Results: Findings showed that the mean of the volume of the breast milk production in the experiment group was 470.681 ml, and in the control group was 364.650 ml with SD 113.502. While the mean of prolactin levels in the experiment group was 35.337 nanogram, and in the control group was -38.381 nanogram. There was a significant effect of consuming Musa balbisiana Colla extract on the volume of breast milk production (p-value 0.003) and prolactin levels (p-value 0.001) (<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant effect of banana flower (Musa balbisiana Colla) extract on breast milk production and prolactin level in breastfeeding mothers. The findings of this study could be used to be alternative daily menu for postpartum mothers and a solution for midwives to deal with those who have inadequate production of breast milk and low prolactin levels

Clinical Diagnosis and Early Medical Management for Endometriosis: Consensus from Asian Expert Group

This work provides consensus guidance regarding clinical diagnosis and early medical management of endometriosis within Asia. Clinicians with expertise in endometriosis critically evaluated available evidence on clinical diagnosis and early medical management and their applicability to current clinical practices. Clinical diagnosis should focus on symptom recognition, which can be presumed to be endometriosis without laparoscopic confirmation. Transvaginal sonography can be appropriate for diagnosing pelvic endometriosis in select patients. For early empiric treatment, management of women with clinical presentation suggestive of endometriosis should be individualized and consider presentation and therapeutic need. Medical treatment is recommended to reduce endometriosis-associated pelvic pain for patients with no immediate pregnancy desires. Hormonal treatment can be considered for pelvic pain with a clinical endometriosis diagnosis; progestins are a first-line management option for early medical treatment, with oral progestin-based therapies generally a better option compared with combined oral contraceptives because of their safety profile. Dienogest can be used long-term if needed and a larger evidence base supports dienogest use compared with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) as first-line medical therapy. GnRHa may be considered for first-line therapy in some specific situations or as short-term therapy before dienogest and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as add-on therapy for endometriosis-associated pelvic pain