Determining the time of flight and speed of sound on different types of edible oil

Edible oil is most often plant-based oils that have been extracted from various seeds. There are cases where the fully virgin edible oil was found to be a fraud. The adulterated edible oil indicates the intentional, fraudulent addition of extraneous, improper or cheaper ingredients puts into the oil or the dilution or removal of some valuable ingredient of the oil in order to increase profits. Hence, decrease the reliability of the Malaysian food product quality. This research was done by using the method of time of flight obtained using the Texas Instrument board, TDC1000-TDC7200 EVM connected to an ultrasonic transducer with 1 MHz frequency. The authors measured the time of flight and temperatures controlled from 20°C to 40°C of five vegetable oils (olive oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, coconut oil, and mustard oil). The value is observed and compared with other research from the literature review. From the study, time of flight values decreases exponentially while speed of sound value increases. This relationship will be useful in spectrum unfolding method to investigate the adulteration in different type of edible oil.This research outcome is to investigate the quality value of the different type of edible oil while eliminates the issues where the quality of Malaysian food product is not reliable

Effect of temperature on ultrasonic signal propagation for extra virgin olive oil adulteration

Fraud cases involving adulteration of extra virgin olive oil has become significant nowadays due to increasing in cost of supply and highlight given the benefit of extra virgin olive oil for human consumption. This paper presents the effects of temperature variation on spectral formed utilising pulse-echo technique of ultrasound signal. Several methods had been introduced to characterize the adulteration of extra virgin olive oil with other fluid sample such as mass chromatography, standard method by ASTM (density test, distillation test and evaporation test) and mass spectrometer. Pulse-echo method of ultrasound being a non-destructive method to be used to analyse the sound wave signal captured by oscilloscope. In this paper, a non-destructive technique utilizing ultrasound to characterize extra virgin olive oil adulteration level will be presented. It can be observed that frequency spectrum of sample with different ratio and variation temperature shows significant percentages different from 30% up to 70% according to temperature variation thus possible to be used for sample characterization

Optimizing Mist-Based Ablution: A Comprehensive Study of Water Distribution and Conservation Using Watercolour Visualization and Thermal Imaging Techniques

Conducting ablution constitutes a prerequisite for Muslims prior to engaging in prayer. This ritualistic practice involves the cleansing and wiping of specific body parts, including the hands, face, arms up to the elbows, head, and feet. Ensuring comprehensive water coverage of the aforementioned areas is a crucial criterion during ablution. However, excessive water consumption often occurs when Muslims perform ablution to achieve full coverage. Consequently, a more ecologically sustainable approach to ablution is necessary to minimize water wastage. A proposed water mist spray device aims to optimize water usage while adhering to the Islamic jurisprudence requirements of complete water coverage on ablution parts. To assess water coverage using the mist spray, an evenness distribution profile is employed through atomized mist colorization on paper and thermal imaging of ablution parts. An appropriate spray nozzle is chosen based on an analysis of spray distribution and coverage patterns on the target surface, utilizing image processing techniques. The proposed methodology involves mixing water with red watercolour and manually pumping it through the selected nozzle using an off-the-shelf water sprayer, thereby atomizing the coloured water to stain white paper. Subsequently, the paper is converted into a digital image and analysed using ImageJ software to determine the mist spray coverage percentage, spatial spread at various distances, and the extraction of stain and droplet sizes. This technique is applied to different types and sizes of spray nozzles to identify the most suitable nozzle for the prototype. The findings demonstrate that nozzles with smaller exit holes and higher water pressure yield more extensive spray coverage on the target surface. Upon selecting the appropriate nozzle, a Portable Ablution Mist Spray Device prototype is employed to evaluate water coverage for the ablution body parts. Thermal images of the ablution parts are captured before and after the ritual, with the temperature differences being analysed. The thermal images reveal a comprehensive and uniform spray distribution on the ablution body parts, accompanied by a temperature difference ranging from 0.9°C to 3.8°C among various participants

Optimizing Mist-Based Ablution: A Comprehensive Study of Water Distribution and Conservation Using Watercolour Visualization and Thermal Imaging Techniques

Conducting ablution constitutes a prerequisite for Muslims prior to engaging in prayer. This ritualistic practice involves the cleansing and wiping of specific body parts, including the hands, face, arms up to the elbows, head, and feet. Ensuring comprehensive water coverage of the aforementioned areas is a crucial criterion during ablution. However, excessive water consumption often occurs when Muslims perform ablution to achieve full coverage. Consequently, a more ecologically sustainable approach to ablution is necessary to minimize water wastage. A proposed water mist spray device aims to optimize water usage while adhering to the Islamic jurisprudence requirements of complete water coverage on ablution parts. To assess water coverage using the mist spray, an evenness distribution profile is employed through atomized mist colorization on paper and thermal imaging of ablution parts. An appropriate spray nozzle is chosen based on an analysis of spray distribution and coverage patterns on the target surface, utilizing image processing techniques. The proposed methodology involves mixing water with red watercolour and manually pumping it through the selected nozzle using an off-the-shelf water sprayer, thereby atomizing the coloured water to stain white paper. Subsequently, the paper is converted into a digital image and analysed using ImageJ software to determine the mist spray coverage percentage, spatial spread at various distances, and the extraction of stain and droplet sizes. This technique is applied to different types and sizes of spray nozzles to identify the most suitable nozzle for the prototype. The findings demonstrate that nozzles with smaller exit holes and higher water pressure yield more extensive spray coverage on the target surface. Upon selecting the appropriate nozzle, a Portable Ablution Mist Spray Device prototype is employed to evaluate water coverage for the ablution body parts. Thermal images of the ablution parts are captured before and after the ritual, with the temperature differences being analysed. The thermal images reveal a comprehensive and uniform spray distribution on the ablution body parts, accompanied by a temperature difference ranging from 0.9°C to 3.8°C among various participants

e-Environment in education: UUM perspective

Many universities around the globe have established e learning, whether as a teaching medium or as one of the courses. To support these initiatives and to fulfill elearning agenda, e-learning required support from other “e” domains which is called eenvironment.Different features are available in the e-environment that can be fulfill wholly or partly, e-learning knowledge requirement. E-learning contents which are traditionally published, as printed materials can be very consuming in term of cost and mobility. Hence, e-publishing which is one of the features in e-environment is vital to support e-learning initiatives. This approach may contribute to the implementation of the total e-environment in education. This paper discusses e-publishing model, which aims to capitalize on the features of the Internet and the web technology. Apart from that it also touches on the experiences of the Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) in adopting the e-environment in its education

An evergreen song model based on P. Ramlee’s songs

The study proposes a model of P.Ramlee’s evergreen songs that involves a basic knowledge on song production model according to a few main aspects, such as basic knowledge about song composition and its five basic concepts, the initial product’s concept based on desired values as well as basic knowledge about album production and recording techniques. The methodology used in this study was through several activities: library search on related P.Ramlee’s history and background, guided inter-view to the key players in the music industry; and the analysis of 32 melodies and 44 lyrics composed by P. Ramlee. The discovery of this study in relation to the novelty of P. Ramlee's evergreen songs reflecting the humanity and social life in community. Through this research, the universal features in a song have highlighted the elements of Malayness. The main finding whch is the proposed model shows that the value of P. Ramlee’s trademarks and thoughts reflect positive and entertainment values, real identity, peace of mind and eventually, all of these attract people to appreciate the song. In practical contribution, the model will be a useful guideline to music composers or producers to compose a qual-ity song that would be an evergreen song

An evergreen song model based on P. Ramlee’s songs

The study proposes a model of P.Ramlee’s evergreen songs that involves a basic knowledge on song production model according to a few main aspects, such as basic knowledge about song composition and its five basic concepts, the initial product’s concept based on desired values as well as basic knowledge about album production and recording techniques. The methodology used in this study was through several activities: library search on related P.Ramlee’s history and background, guided interview to the key players in the music industry; and the analysis of 32 melodies and 44 lyrics composed by P. Ramlee. The discovery of this study in relation to the novelty of P. Ramlee's evergreen songs reflecting the humanity and social life in community. Through this research, the universal features in a song have highlighted the elements of Malayness. The main finding whch is the proposed model shows that the value of P. Ramlee’s trademarks and thoughts reflect positive and entertainment values, real identity, peace of mind and eventually, all of these attract people to appreciate the song. In practical contribution, the model will be a useful guideline to music composers or producers to compose a quality song that would be an evergreen song

Image-based feature extraction technique for inclined crack quantification using pulsed eddy current

Existing eddy current non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques generally do not consider the inclination angle of inclined cracks, which potentially harms a larger region of a tested structure. This work proposes the use of 2D scan images generated by using pulsed eddy current (PEC) non-destructive testing (NDT) technique in the quantification of the inclination and depth of inclined cracks. The image-based feature extraction technique effectively identifies the crack axis, which consequently enables extraction of features from the extracted linear scans. The technique extracts linear scans from the images to allow the extraction of three novel image-based features, namely the length of extracted linear scans (LLS), the linear scan skewness (LSS), and the highest value on linear scan (LSmax). The correlation of the three features to surface crack inclination angles and depths were analysed and found to be highly dependent on the crack depths, while only LLS and LSS are correlated to the crack inclination angles. © 2019, The Author(s)

Detection of different classes moving object in public surveillance using artificial neural network (ANN)

Public surveillance monitoring is rapidly finding its way into Intelligent Surveillance Systems. Street crimes such as snatch theft is increasing drastically in recent years, cause a serious threat to human life worldwide. In this paper, a moving object detection and classification model was developed using novel Artificial Neural Network (ANN) simulation with the aim to identify its suitability for different classes of moving objects, particularly in public surveillance conditions. The result demonstrated that the proposed method consistently performs well with different classes of moving objects such as, motorcyclist, and pedestrian. Thus, it is reliable to detect different classes of moving object in public surveillance camera. It is also computationally fast and applicable for detecting moving objects in real-time

Vision aided path planning for mobile robot

Path planning is very important for autonomous mobile robots to navigate from the beginning to the ending position. Vision aided path planning for mobile robot system is discussed in this paper. The paper reveals the accounts from a historical overview and provides a study on how to develop a single vision system for a mobile robot, which implements an obstacle avoidance algorithm, detecting the objects by the colour. Also, we aim at highlighting and analyzing the use of single vision cameras such as webcam in providing data and useful information required for navigation purposes. The system is able to detect obstacles and provide position information from the image of indoor environment. The result is accurate enough to detect the static obstacles and avoid any possible contact with that obstacle. Thus, it is best suggested that the proposed colour approach would be significant as a navigational aid for the autonomous mobile robot