526 research outputs found
WILLS - RIGHT OF CREDITORS OF TESTAMENTARY DONEE TO SET ASIDE HIS RENUNCIATION - RIGHT OF SURVIVING SPOUSE TO SHARE IN INTESTATE PROPERTY AFTER ELECTING TO TAKE UNDER WILL IN LIEU OF HER DISTRIBUTIVE SHARE
Testator left all his real and personal property to his wife for life, and the remainder to his son and daughter in equal shares. The widow elected to take under the will in lieu of dower and other legal rights in the estate. The daughter renounced any right under the will, and seven months later filed a petition for voluntary bankruptcy. Her trustee in bankruptcy instituted this suit in equity to annul the renunciation. Held, the daughter had the right to file an unconditional disclaimer of all benefits granted her under the will and her creditors cannot complain thereof; and secondly, the widow having accepted the provisions in the will in lieu of all other legal rights in the estate is not entitled to share in the part of the property passing by intestacy because of the rejection of benefits by another beneficiary. McGarry v. Mathis, (Iowa 1938) 282 N. W. 786
CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE - CONSTITUTIONALITY OF A COMMENT UPON DEFENDANT\u27S FAILURE TO TESTIFY
For several years there has been agitation in legal and legislative circles to permit comment in a criminal action upon the failure of the defendant to testify. Both the American Bar Association and the American Law Institute have passed resolutions favoring such legislation. The chief objection to the proposal has been its alleged unconstitutionality. The purpose of this comment is to attempt to rebut such a contention and to show that the advocated change is both constitutional and eminently desirable
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW - POWER OF LEGISLATIVE INVESTIGATING COMMITTEE TO SUPERSEDE GRAND JURY
The court of quarter sessions of Dauphin County ordered a grand jury investigation of alleged criminal misconduct by civil officers of the commonwealth. The governor then issued a call for a special session of the legislature. When this body had convened, seven members of the House of Representatives were appointed a committee to investigate the charges against those civil officers liable to impeachment. This committee sought a writ of prohibition to restrain the quarter sessions court from proceeding with the grand jury investigation, in pursuance of a statute enacted at the special session of the legislature giving the legislative investigating committee priority over all other investigations of the same charges. Held, that the act was a deprivation of the exercise of a judicial power vested in the court by the constitution of the commonwealth. In re Investigation by Dauphin County Grand Jury (No. 2) 332 Pa. 342, 2 A. (2d) 804 (1938)
Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE). Intensive test site assessment report
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
Optimized Verlet-like algorithms for molecular dynamics simulations
New explicit velocity- and position-Verlet-like algorithms of the second
order are proposed to integrate the equations of motion in many-body systems.
The algorithms are derived on the basis of an extended decomposition scheme at
the presence of a free parameter. The nonzero value for this parameter is
obtained by reducing the influence of truncated terms to a minimum. As a
result, the new algorithms appear to be more efficient than the original Verlet
versions which correspond to a particular case when the introduced parameter is
equal to zero. Like the original versions, the proposed counterparts are
symplectic and time reversible, but lead to an improved accuracy in the
generated solutions at the same overall computational costs. The advantages of
the new algorithms are demonstrated in molecular dynamics simulations of a
Lennard-Jones fluid.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev.
Dynamical Properties and Plasmon Dispersion of a Weakly Degenerate Correlated One-Component Plasma
Classical Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations for a one-component plasma
(OCP) are presented. Quantum effects are included in the form of the Kelbg
potential. Results for the dynamical structure factor are compared with the
Vlasov and RPA (random phase approximation) theories. The influence of the
coupling parameter , degeneracy parameter and the form
of the pair interaction on the optical plasmon dispersion is investigated. An
improved analytical approximation for the dispersion of Langmuir waves is
presented.Comment: 23 pages, includes 7 ps/eps-figures and 2 table
Zero-point vacancies in quantum solids
A Jastrow wave function (JWF) and a shadow wave function (SWF) describe a
quantum solid with Bose--Einstein condensate; i.e. a supersolid. It is known
that both JWF and SWF describe a quantum solid with also a finite equilibrium
concentration of vacancies x_v. We outline a route for estimating x_v by
exploiting the existing formal equivalence between the absolute square of the
ground state wave function and the Boltzmann weight of a classical solid. We
compute x_v for the quantum solids described by JWF and SWF employing very
accurate numerical techniques. For JWF we find a very small value for the zero
point vacancy concentration, x_v=(1.4\pm0.1) x 10^-6. For SWF, which presently
gives the best variational description of solid 4He, we find the significantly
larger value x_v=(1.4\pm0.1) x 10^-3 at a density close to melting. We also
study two and three vacancies. We find that there is a strong short range
attraction but the vacancies do not form a bound state.Comment: 19 pages, submitted to J. Low Temp. Phy
Discovery of Bright Galactic R Coronae Borealis and DY Persei Variables: Rare Gems Mined from ACVS
We present the results of a machine-learning (ML) based search for new R
Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars and DY Persei-like stars (DYPers) in the Galaxy
using cataloged light curves from the All-Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) Catalog
of Variable Stars (ACVS). RCB stars - a rare class of hydrogen-deficient
carbon-rich supergiants - are of great interest owing to the insights they can
provide on the late stages of stellar evolution. DYPers are possibly the
low-temperature, low-luminosity analogs to the RCB phenomenon, though
additional examples are needed to fully establish this connection. While RCB
stars and DYPers are traditionally identified by epochs of extreme dimming that
occur without regularity, the ML search framework more fully captures the
richness and diversity of their photometric behavior. We demonstrate that our
ML method can use newly discovered RCB stars to identify additional candidates
within the same data set. Our search yields 15 candidates that we consider
likely RCB stars/DYPers: new spectroscopic observations confirm that four of
these candidates are RCB stars and four are DYPers. Our discovery of four new
DYPers increases the number of known Galactic DYPers from two to six;
noteworthy is that one of the new DYPers has a measured parallax and is m ~ 7
mag, making it the brightest known DYPer to date. Future observations of these
new DYPers should prove instrumental in establishing the RCB connection. We
consider these results, derived from a machine-learned probabilistic
classification catalog, as an important proof-of-concept for the efficient
discovery of rare sources with time-domain surveys.Comment: 18 pages, 2 new figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Study of solid 4He in two dimensions. The issue of zero-point defects and study of confined crystal
Defects are believed to play a fundamental role in the supersolid state of
4He. We report on studies by exact Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations at
zero temperature of the properties of solid 4He in presence of many vacancies,
up to 30 in two dimensions (2D). In all studied cases the crystalline order is
stable at least as long as the concentration of vacancies is below 2.5%. In the
2D system for a small number, n_v, of vacancies such defects can be identified
in the crystalline lattice and are strongly correlated with an attractive
interaction. On the contrary when n_v~10 vacancies in the relaxed system
disappear and in their place one finds dislocations and a revival of the
Bose-Einstein condensation. Thus, should zero-point motion defects be present
in solid 4He, such defects would be dislocations and not vacancies, at least in
2D. In order to avoid using periodic boundary conditions we have studied the
exact ground state of solid 4He confined in a circular region by an external
potential. We find that defects tend to be localized in an interfacial region
of width of about 15 A. Our computation allows to put as upper bound limit to
zero--point defects the concentration 0.003 in the 2D system close to melting
density.Comment: 17 pages, accepted for publication in J. Low Temp. Phys., Special
Issue on Supersolid
Structure and relaxations in liquid and amorphous Selenium
We report a molecular dynamics simulation of selenium, described by a
three-body interaction. The temperatures T_g and T_c and the structural
properties are in agreement with experiment. The mean nearest neighbor
coordination number is 2.1. A small pre-peak at about 1 AA^-1 can be explained
in terms of void correlations. In the intermediate self-scattering function,
i.e. the density fluctuation correlation, classical behavior, alpha- and
beta-regimes, is found. We also observe the plateau in the beta-regime below
T_g. In a second step, we investigated the heterogeneous and/or homogeneous
behavior of the relaxations. At both short and long times the relaxations are
homogeneous (or weakly heterogeneous). In the intermediate time scale, lowering
the temperature increases the heterogeneity. We connect these different domains
to the vibrational (ballistic), beta- and alpha-regimes. We have also shown
that the increase in heterogeneity can be understood in terms of relaxations
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