Video Resolution Enhancement using DWT, SWT and CLAHE

One of an image details which has been always an vital concern in various image and video-processing applications, such as video resolution enhancement, feature extraction, and satellite image resolution enhancement is resolution. In recent advances Video Resolution enhancement has been envisioned to help in numerous applications and has turned out to be a hot research area. This opens up several technical challenges and immense application possibilities. The paper describes the three main categories - Contrast limited adaptive histogram equalisation (CLAHE), Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT), Stationary Wavelet Transform(SWT). DWT uses filter for building the multi-resolution. SWT is an extension of the Standard Discrete Wavelet Transform to enhance the general details of an image. This study presents a novel resolution enhancement methods with future research are

Role of Indian Government to Formulate Effective Policy for Water Sustainability and Climate Change

Problem Statement: In the context of India meteoric urbanization, globalization, industrialization,and expansion in population in India have generated a number of environmental problems. The impact of climatechange such as pollution and droughts have the dormant effect of demolishing the farmlands and that affect thelivelihood of the farmers. The present article deals with the he role of Indian Government to formulate effectivepolicy for water sustainability and climate change.Methodology: In order to conduct the research qualitative strategy has been taken and secondary data collectiontechnique has been employed.Main Findings: The research has found that several measures have been taken by the Government of India in orderto meet the goal of clean and green India. Some of the interrelated policies and action plans have been recognized inorder to meet the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) by the Union government of India. In order to deal with thewater supply and reduce leakage and reuse of water, the central government of India has taken initiatives.Conclusion: From the present research it can be stated that the government of India has taken possible measures inorder to meet the demand of water and reduce the environment pollution in the country. The initiatives taken by thegovernment have beneficial effects on the lives of the citizens

The impact of 5-hydroxytryptamine-receptor antagonists on chemotherapy treatment adherence, treatment delay, and nausea and vomiting.

PurposeTo determine the incidence of chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting (CINV) and chemotherapy treatment delay and adherence among patients receiving palonosetron versus other 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist (5-HT3 RA) antiemetics.Materials and methodsThis retrospective claims analysis included adults with primary malignancies who initiated treatment consisting of single-day intravenous highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) or moderately EC (MEC) regimens. Treatment delay was defined as a gap in treatment at least twice the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-specified cycle length, specific to each chemotherapy regimen. Treatment adherence was determined by the percentage of patients who received the regimen-specific recommended number of chemotherapy cycles within the recommended time frame.ResultsWe identified 1,832 palonosetron and 2,387 other 5-HT3 RA ("other") patients who initiated HEC therapy, and 1,350 palonosetron users and 1,379 patients on other antiemetics who initiated MEC therapy. Fewer patients receiving palonosetron experienced CINV versus other (HEC, 27.5% versus 32.2%, P=0.0011; MEC, 36.1% versus 41.7%, P=0.0026), and fewer treatment delays occurred among patients receiving palonosetron versus other (HEC, 3.2% versus 6.0%, P<0.0001; MEC, 17.0% versus 26.8%, P<0.0001). Compared with the other cohort, patients receiving palonosetron were significantly more adherent to the index chemotherapy regimen with respect to the recommended time frame (HEC, 74.7% versus 69.7%, P=0.0004; MEC, 43.1% versus 37.3%, P=0.0019) and dosage (HEC, 27.3% versus 25.8%, P=0.0004; MEC, 15.0% versus 12.6%, P=0.0019).ConclusionPalonosetron more effectively reduced occurrence of CINV in patients receiving HEC or MEC compared with other agents in this real-world setting. Additionally, patients receiving palonosetron had better adherence and fewer treatment delays than patients receiving other 5-HT3 RAs

Online De-Noising of Radar Data using Multi Resolution Analysis

Target Tracking is an active research area, which encompasses various applications in Defence as well as Commercial applications. For estimating state vectors of tracked objects, Kalman filtering techniques are widely used, and the performance of Kalman filter depends on priory assumptions like state transition models and measurement uncertainties. In practical real time applications, all these priory assumptions are not available always and existing models are not suitable for target dynamics, which have an impact on the tracking quality, and some times filter, may diverge also. Recently Wavelet based multi resolution analysis has become a powerful tool, for image compression and de-noising applications and does not require explicit priory knowledge like Kalman filter for noise suppression. However, It is found that during real time de-noising, wavelet analysis exhibits poor performance due to certain artifacts. In order to improve the performance, a method is proposed and implemented that utilizes variable moving window and symmetric extension techniques

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF TAL SINDOOR

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/1Science is the intellectual process for using complete mental and physical resources available in order to understand, explain, quantitate and predict normal as well as unusual natural phenomena. Rasoushadhis (metallic and mineral preparations) are unique preparations in Ayurveda along with herbal preparations that includes Bhasmas, herbo-mineral preparations, and Kupipakwa Rasayanas. Tal Sindoor, a Kupipakwa Rasayana, is Sagandha (presence of Sulphur), Sagni (processing with heat), Kantastha (near the neck of the bottle) Murchita Parada Yoga. Tal Sindoor has mercury (Parad), sulphur (Gandhak) and arsenic tri sulphide (Haratal) as ingredients. It is indicated in all types of skin disorders (Sarva Kushtahara), skin problems associated with itching (Kandu), vitiated Rakta Dhatu (Rakta dosha hara) and other diseases of infectious origin like Abscess (Vidradhi), Gonorrhoea (Upadamsha), fever (Jwara, Sannipataja Jwara) at 125-250 mg (1-2 Ratti) dose. Anti–microbial activity of Tal Sindoor was conducted to evaluate drug efficacy against bacilli of gram positive, gram negative and fungus as broad spectrum antibiotic. Drug Tal Sindoor was tested in 2 methods i.e. Gradient plate technique and Kirby-bauer method for its anti-microbial activity against 7 micro-organisms. Tal Sindoor is an effective anti-microbial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. But K. pneumoniae and A. Baumannii were resistant to Tal Sindoor like they are with other anti-biotics

A Study on the Effect of Microcytic Anaemia on Hba1c Levels in Non Diabetic Individuals in Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai

BACK GROUND: Protein glycation is a spontaneous reaction that happens as a function of the circulating blood sugar levels. The major form of protein glycation with a clinical consideration is glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The HbA1c fraction being abnormally elevated in chronic hyperglycaemic diabetic patients is used as a marker of glycemic control. However, altered HbA1c levels have been documented in anaemic patients without any history of diabetes and the reports on the effects of iron deficiency anemia on HbA1c levels are inconsistent. This study was henceforth conducted to establish the effect of microcytic hypochromic anemia on hba1c levels in non diabetic individuals. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of microcytic anemia on the HbA1c levels in non diabetic patients, so as to consider anemia as an important factor which influences the HbA1c levels, while monitoring the glycemic status of diabetics. METHODOLOGY: Fifty non-diabetic, anaemic patients and 50 age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. The patients who had glucose tolerance abnormalities (impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus), haemoglobinopathies, haemolytic anaemia, infestation, chronic alcohol ingestion and chronic renal failure were excluded from the study. Haematologic investigations were done and the fasting and postprandial glucose and HbA1c levels were measured in all the subjects. RESULTS: The mean HbA1c (5.32 ± 0.3%) level in the patients with IDA was higher than that in the control group (5.14% ± 0.5) (p 0.05). The haemoglobin, fasting and postprandial glucose, and the HbA1c levels were normal in the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: HbA1c is not affected by the blood sugar levels alone, and there are various confounding factors when HbA1c is measured, especially that of microcytic anemia, probably due to iron deficiency which is very common in this part of thr world. It is hence prudent to rule out anemia especially microcytic anemia before making a therapeutic decision, based on the HbA1c levels

Clinical Study of Cardiac Markers in Post Myocardial Infarction Patients on Antihypertensive Drug Therapy

Clinical study of Cardiac Markers in post myocardial Infarction Patients on Antihypertensive Drug Therapy Aim and objective: To assess the level of cardiac markers during anti-hypertensive drug therapy in post myocardial infarction patients. Materials and methods: A prospective – observational study was carried out in post myocardial infarction patients with history on antihypertensive therapy. Patient’s demographic details, previous medical history of MI and duration on antihypertensive treatment were collected and the effectiveness of antihypertensive drug therapy on cardiac workload was evaluated with the help of cardiac markers by using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey- Kramer multiple comparison test. Patient information leaflet was prepared and assessed. Results: The study result showed that Ramipril has a greater control on troponin – I and CK-MB profile of the patients (P< 0.01) when compared to Nicorandil. After Ramipril, Amlodipine showed a significant control (P< 0.05) when compared to Nicorandil on Troponin – I profile. Duration of antihypertensive drug treatment revealed that Ramipril decreases the incidence of second MI symptoms for longer duration than other drugs. Conclusion: Our study revealed that Ramipril has significant control on troponin-I and CK-MB level in post MI While amlodipine showed a significant control only on troponin-I. Duration of antihypertensive drug treatment among the study population revealed that Ramipril decreases the incidence of second MI symptoms for longer duration and decrease the release of cardiac markers compared to other drugs. It may due to decrease in workload of heart by ACE inhibitors. Patient information leaflet was prepared and distributed through cardiology department to improve patients understanding of disease management and the developed leaflet was found to be very useful by the patients. Keywords: Cardiac markers, myocardial infarction, Antihypertensive drugs

The Role of serum, Lactate Dehydrogenase and other Biochemical parameters in assessing the severity preeclampsia

INTRODUCTION: Preeclampsia and eclampsia complicate 6-8% of all pregnancies and lead to various maternal and fetal complications. Serum LDH levels can be used to assess the extent of cellular death and thereby the severity of disease in this group of women. This can be further used as help in making decision, regarding the management strategies to improve the maternal and fetal outcome. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To correlate the severity of disease, maternal and perinatal outcomes with serum LDH level and other biochemical parameters like Hb, platelets, S. urea, Serum creatinine, total bilirubin, AST,ALT, Serum Uric acid in patients with preeclampsia. METHODS: This was a prospective comparative study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Govt. Rajaji Hospital, Madurai from Sep 2015 to Aug 2016. Pregnant women were enrolled in this study in the third trimester of pregnancy and divided into following groups: • Group 1—healthy normal pregnant women (controls) • Group-2—patients of preeclampsia and eclampsia (subjects). This was further subdivided into following subgroups • Non severe preeclampsia. • Severe preeclampsia. • Eclampsia Subjects were also divided according to the serum LDH levels into following groups:- • 800 IU/1. All women were followed until delivery and early postpartum period and babies till early neonatal period. RESULTS. • 66.96% of control, 22.31% of NSP, 9.82% of SP and 0.89% of eclampsia had LDH < 600 IU/L. • 70.51% of SP, 17.64% NSP and 11.46% eclampsia had LDH 600-800 IU/L. • 80.95% cases of eclampsia and 19.04% cases of SP had LDH >800 IU/L. LDH AND MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS • Maternal complications were more in LDH> 800IU/L. Among the complications, HELLP in 23.80% cases, PRES in 28.57%, MODS in 14.28% cases, Retinopathy in 9.52% cases, AKI in 4.76% case, DIC in 9.52% cases were present when LDH> 800IU/L Abruption with DIC present in 11.76% patients, HELLP Syndrome 11.76% of patients, MODS in 5.88% cases, Macular edema in 5.88% cases and mild PHT in 5.88% cases were present when LDH 600-800IU/L. Retinopathy contributing to 0.89% present when LDH <600IU/L LDH AND PERINATAL OUTCOME: • LDH >800IU/L • Totally 21 babies were born to mother with LDH >800 of which 5 babies (23.80%) were IUD, 12 babies (57.14%) expired and only 4 babies (19.04%) were healthy babies. • 95% babies had birth weight 2.5kg LDH 600-800IU/L Among 17 babies born to mother with LDH 600-800 IU/L, 13 babies (76.47%) were healthy babies, 3 babies (17.64%) expired and 1 was IUD 80% babies had birth weight 2.5 kg LDH 2.5kg. OTHER PARAMETERS: Also there was statistically significant association between other parameters like Hb, platelet, AST, ALT, S.Urea, S.Creatinine, S.Uric acid in assessing the severity of preeclampsia except S.bilirubin which was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: Thus serum LDH is the earliest marker in blood in conditions associated with hypoxia & oxidative stress. Thereby it is raised in Preeclampsia & Eclampsia. It predicts the severity & occurrence of complications in Preeclampsia & Eclampsia. The complications can be prevented if it is measured earlier, if adequately managed at a higher center. Hence we conclude that screening with LDH is essential for all cases of preeclampsia and eclampsia for early detection and management of complications