DUAL BAND MIMO ANTENNA FOR LTE, 4G AND SUB–6 GHZ 5G APPLICATIONS

In this manuscript, a compact MIMO antenna for wireless application has been presented. The proposed antenna consists of the F-shaped radiator with the circular slot in the center and a rectangular ground plane on the other side of the substrate. The proposed antenna has the overall size of 48 × 48 mm2. The antenna is designed to work on two frequency bands - from 1.5 to 2.3 GHz, and 3.7 to 4.2 GHz, having the resonating frequency of 1.8 GHz and 3.9 GHz respectively. The diversity performance of the antenna is also observed by using a variety of parameters like envelop correlation coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), etc. The value of ECC is 0.02, which shows good diversity performance of the antenna. In order to validate the simulated and measured results, the proposed antenna has been fabricated and shows good agreement with the each other

HANSRAJ (ADIANTUM CAPILLUS VENERIS LINN.): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON ITS ETHNOBOTANY, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE

Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn. of Adiantaceae family is one of most common plants that have found diverse medicinal uses in the indigenous systems of medicine. It has been used in cold, skin diseases, bronchitis, hair fall and inflammatory diseases. It is also considered as tonic and diuretic. The previous studies showed that Adiantum capillus veneris contained many secondary metabolites and exerted antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, analgesic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant,  antiproliferative, antidermatitis, neuroprotective, anticholesterolemic and many other effects. The present review will highlight the chemical constituents and the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Adiantum capillus veneris. A wide range of chemical compounds  including adiantone,  diplopterol, kaempferol, naringin, neoxanthin, populnin, quinic acid, rhodoxanthin, rutin, shikimic acid,  zeaxanthin etc. have been isolated from this plant. The plant leaves and stem of Adiantum capillus veneris L. were found to contain higher amount of triterpenoids and flavonoids. Adiantum capillus-veneris L., is nowadays gaining interest by the scientific researchers due to its folklorics and because of its therapeutic value, easy availability and degree of research work which is not done.  The present review aims at reviewing the research works undertaken till date, on this plant in order to provide sufficient baseline information for future works and for commercial   exploitation. The opening of a wide venue for further research and translation into clinical settings is also envisaged

Mitigating Security Threats for Digital Twin Platform: A Systematic Review with Future Scope and Research Challenges

In Industry 4.0, the digital twin (DT) enables users to simulate future states and configurations for prediction, optimization, and estimation. Although the potential of digital twin technology has been demonstrated by its proliferation in traditional industrial sectors, including construction, manufacturing, transportation, supply chain, healthcare, and agriculture, the risks involved with their integration have frequently been overlooked. Moreover, as a digital approach, it is intuitive to believe it is susceptible to adversarial attacks. This issue necessitates research into the multitude of attacks that the digital twin may face. This study enumerates various probable operation-specific attacks against digital twin platforms. Also, a comprehensive review of different existing techniques has been carried out to combat these attacks. A comparison of these strategies is provided to shed light on their efficacy against various attacks. Finally, future directions and research issues are highlighted that will help researchers expand the digital twin platform

IN VITRO STUDY ON RELEASE OF BIOACTIVE ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM DAIRY PRODUCTS BY CERTAIN PROMISING PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS STRAINS

Objective: The antimicrobial activity and Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus species were evaluated. The antimicrobial compound of potent antimicrobial probiotic Lactobacillus was purified by column chromatography and its nature and stability were determined.Methods: This investigation was performed with few Lactobacillus strains of ATCC and MTCC along with certain strains isolated from different dairy sources. They were evaluated for their probiotics properties (acid tolerance, bile tolerance, bile salt hydrolase activity, cell autoaggregation, cell surface hydrophobicity and haemolytic behaviour). Agar well diffusion method was used to screen their potency to release bioactive compound against several pathogens. This potent antimicrobial compound was purified by chromatography as well as its molecular mass was estimated by following SDS-PAGE. Finally, the stability of the compound was determined against various ranges of temperature and pH.Results: Among all Lactobacillus strains, R1 was found to be a potent probiotic strain as well as cell free supernatant (CFS) of R1 showed more strong antagonistic effect against most of the pathogens. Carbohydrate fermentation and physiological characterization of strain R1 matched with Lactobacillus fermentum as per Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. The molecular mass of the purified fraction was estimated at approximately 25 kDa and could be stable after heat treatment of 100 °C for 30 min and pH range of 4.5-7.0Conclusion: R1 showed highest antimicrobial activity while it has been found as Lactobacillus fermentum. It is due to the release of a bioactive compound having a molecular mass of 25 kDa.Â

Ruptured caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy: a rare case report

Caesarean scar pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy. Little is known about its incidence and natural history. With increasing incidence of caesarean section worldwide, more and more cases are diagnosed and reported.  We report a case of caesarean scar site ruptured ectopic pregnancy presented to emergency department with hypovolemic shock. Decision for emergency laparotomy was taken on the basis of clinical findings and ultrasonography. Hemoperitoneum of 2 litres with scar site rupture ectopic was seen. Evacuation of products along with repair of uterus in 2 layers with bilateral tubal ligation was done. It is the rarest kind of ectopic pregnancy and may lead to severe life threatening complications such as uterine rupture and severe hemorrhage or may have adverse effect on future fertility.

MACHINE LEARNING ASSISTED OPTIMIZATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO HYBRID DIELECTRIC RESONATOR ANTENNA DESIGN

Machine learning assisted optimization (MLAO) has become very important for improving the antenna design process because it consumes much less time than the traditional methods. These models' accountability can be checked by the accuracy metrics, which tell about the correctness of the predicted result. Machine learning (ML) methods, such as Gaussian Process Regression, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), are used to simulate the antenna model to predict the reflection coefficient faster. This paper presents the optimization of Hybrid Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) using machine learning models. Several regression models are applied to the dataset for optimization, and the best results are obtained using a random forest regression model with the accuracy of 97%. Additionally, the effectiveness of machine learning based antenna design is demonstrated through comparison with conventional design methods

A CROSS-SECTIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PAP SMEAR AND COLPOSCOPIC FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH VAGINAL DISCHARGE ATTENDING OPD IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE.

Aim and Objective: To determine the prevalence of precancerous lesions in the study population, to screen patients with abnormal vaginal discharge with pap smear and colposcopy, and to screen patients with abnormal vaginal discharge with colposcopy. Methods: The study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department of Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bihar, India. Women in the outpatient section of Obstetrics and Gynaecology between the ages of 35 and 55 were included. A Colposcopy and a Pap smear were performed on each individual. Results: In this study, when the cervix was seen through a speculum and a pap smear was collected, the majority of the study population- 52% (13/25)- had mucopurulent discharge. 8% (2/25) had blood-stained discharge, 16% (4/25) had greenish discharge, and 32% (8/25) had a thick, curdled-white discharge. All patients in our study had pap smears collected, and 40% (10/25) of those smears were HSIL, 28% (7/25) were LSIL, 32% (8/25) were inflammatory smears, 405 (10/25) were ASCUS, 8% (2/25) were normal, and 4% (1/25) were adenocarcinomas. Conclusion: Colposcopy is a screening method that can be used to find precancerous lesions. Compared to a Pap smear, colposcopy offers higher sensitivity and accuracy in detecting CIN. CIN must be identified earlier. Colposcopy is a screening method that can be used to find precursor lesions for cancer. The sensitivity of colposcopy is high Pap smears lack the speed and accuracy needed to detect CIN. By combining the sensitivity of a Pap smear with colposcopy Pre-cancer lesion detection can be more precise when considerably increased. Recommendation: Women with an abnormal Pap test should undergo a colposcopy, and those with abnormal colposcopy findings should be advised to undergo a biopsy

KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES ON MENSTRUAL HEALTH AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN BIHAR- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.

Background: India has several health issues that can be avoided by raising awareness and following fundamental rules. Menstrual hygiene is one of those subjects that is rarely discussed but is essential to a woman's life. Women have been discouraged from getting help from professionals due to misconceptions about this. The aim of this study is to spread awareness of menstrual health and practice among young women in Bihar. Methods: This study was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital located in Bhagalpur, Bihar with 25 participants per week. Data collection was carried out from September 2022 to February 2023 with a structured questionnaire after obtaining consent.  Results: Most women (59%) understood little about menstruation. Moreover, a quarter of those surveyed used disposable pads. Most Bihari women (73%) who did not use sanitary pads claimed to have used cotton (9%), old disposable clothes (60%), reusable clothing (26%), or toilet tissue paper (4%). Sixty-one percent of the women took special baths, and thirty-seven percent observed sociocultural taboos during their periods. Higher menstrual knowledge was linked to more disposable sanitary napkins being used, according to the bivariate analysis (low knowledge: 76 individuals, high knowledge: 156 individuals; p=0.01). Conclusion: The research concluded that the study subjects had no awareness of menstruation hygiene. They had subpar menstrual hygiene habits and attitudes. Participants' lack of preparation for menarche and their strong opinions that menstruation is socially taboo can be inferred from their different constraints because of these strong social and cultural norms to eliminate the stigma associated with menstruation, group talks, media efforts, and sex education in schools are necessary. Recommendation: Frequent sessions should be conducted by healthcare workers to enhance the knowledge of young women, and to increase their positive attitudes and practices regarding menstrual hygiene

Using LSTM for the Prediction of Disruption in ADITYA Tokamak

Major disruptions in tokamak pose a serious threat to the vessel and its surrounding pieces of equipment. The ability of the systems to detect any behavior that can lead to disruption can help in alerting the system beforehand and prevent its harmful effects. Many machine learning techniques have already been in use at large tokamaks like JET and ASDEX, but are not suitable for ADITYA, which is comparatively small. Through this work, we discuss a new real-time approach to predict the time of disruption in ADITYA tokamak and validate the results on an experimental dataset. The system uses selected diagnostics from the tokamak and after some pre-processing steps, sends them to a time-sequence Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The model can make the predictions 12 ms in advance at less computation cost that is quick enough to be deployed in real-time applications.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure