Deuteron Dipole Polarizabilities and Sum Rules

The scalar, vector, and tensor components of the (generalized) deuteron electric polarizability are calculated, as well as their logarithmic modifications. Several of these quantities arise in the treatment of the nuclear corrections to the deuterium Lamb shift and the deuterium hyperfine structure. A variety of second-generation potential models are used and a (subjective) error is assigned to the calculations. The zero-range approximation is used to analyze a subset of the results, and a simple relativistic version of this approximation is developed.Comment: 14 pages, LaTex - submitted to Physical Review

The Dynamics of Luminescence

Domestic light providing devices have always been an important component of life and continue to provide us light beyond sunset. These devices continue to be improved frequently to allow ease of use and to enhance their efficiency. The tungsten electric light bulbs are widely used, which are based on incandescence of a continuously heated tungsten element. However, their use will soon be short lived because of the increased usage of fluorescent tubes and light-emitting diode (LED) devices, which are based on luminescence emission. These emission materials that display luminescence are called phosphors, and their emission is based on electron transitions. In the following chapter, we shall look into photoluminescence from both intrinsic and extrinsic defects, covering both down- and upconversion (UP). We will look into the concept of energy transfer and persistent luminescence and lastly provide related applications of luminescence in the modern days

Evaluating Local Community Methods in Networks

We present a new benchmarking procedure that is unambiguous and specific to local community-finding methods, allowing one to compare the accuracy of various methods. We apply this to new and existing algorithms. A simple class of synthetic benchmark networks is also developed, capable of testing properties specific to these local methods.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, code included with sourc

The incidence and characteristics of homicides in elderly compared with non-elderly age groups in Johannesburg, South Africa

Background. Even though the rate of eldercide (homicide in the age group ≥60 years) in South Africa (SA) is higher than the global rate, it receives little attention compared with homicide in younger (<60 years) age groups.Objectives. To: (i) establish the proportion and rates of eldercide relative to homicide in young adult and middle-aged populations, and determine whether proportions of homicide across the age groups differ by race; and (ii) determine differences in homicide victim and incident characteristics across the three age categories and establish whether these differences vary by race.Methods. This retrospective study analysed homicide data for adults (aged ≥15 years) drawn from the National Injury Mortality Surveillance System (NIMSS) for the City of Johannesburg, SA (2001 - 2010). Percentages and rates were used to describe the incidence of eldercide (age ≥60 years) relative to homicide in middle age (35 - 59 years) and youth (15 - 34 years). Eldercide and middle-age and youth homicides were compared by sex, race, weapon used, scene of injury, day of the week and time of death.Results. For the 10-year period 2001 - 2010, NIMSS registered a total of 14 678 adult homicide deaths for Johannesburg. Of these, a very small proportion (3.8%) were eldercides, 46.9% were middle-age homicides, and the majority (58.4%) were young adult homicides. The average annual eldercide rate (23.1/100 000) was also lower than the rate for the middle-aged (46.9/100 000) and young adult (58.4/100 000) groups. However, the difference in rates between the age groups decreased considerably over the study period. Race-specific patterns were observed in the distribution of homicide across age groups. Compared with the circumstantial patterns for youth and middle-age homicides, eldercide involved higher proportions of females and white victims, and greater use of blunt force and strangulation. Whereas homicides in the other age groups tended to occur in public spaces and during weekends and nights, eldercides occurred mainly in a home, during the week and during daytime.Conclusions. The characteristics of eldercide differ from those of youth and middle-age homicides. The specificities of the circumstances suggest that interventions should take cognisance of the temporal and spatial dimensions of eldercide and go beyond the regular security and policing measures to ensure the safety of the elderly in Johannesburg.

A novel inpatient complex pain team: protocol for a mixed-methods evaluation of a single-centre pilot study

Introduction Complex pain is a debilitating condition that is responsible for low quality of life and significant economic impacts. Although best practice in the treatment of complex pain employs a multidisciplinary team, many patients do not have access to this care, leading to poor outcomes

Different carbon nanostructured materials obtained in catalytic chemical vapor deposition

Different carbon nanostructured materials, such as nanotubes, nanofibers, nanosprings and nanooctopus, were grown by changing the metal catalyst and experimental parameters of the thermal chemical vapor deposition process. These experiments were performed using a tubular furnace and methane or acetylene as carbon feedstock gases. Thin films of Ni or Cu were deposited onto a SiO2/Si substrate and employed as catalysts. The effect of the growth temperature, metal catalyst and carbon gas precursor (methane or acetylene) on the final carbon nanoestructured material was studied by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. Growth of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was observed using both metal films and carbon precursor gases, whereas partially oxidized Ni films promoted formation of nanosprings. Experiments with reduced supply of methane resulted in octopus-like carbon nanostructures when a Cu film was used as a catalyst.Diferentes materiais nanoestruturados à base de carbono, tais como nanotubos, nanofibras, nanomolas e nanooctopus, foram obtidos através do processo de deposição química de vapor. Tais experimentos foram realizados em um forno tubular e variações nos parâmetros experimentais permitiram a obtenção das diferentes nanoestruturas de carbono. Filmes finos de Ni e Cu foram depositados sobre substratos de SiO2/Si e empregados como catalisadores. O efeito de diferentes gases precursores de carbono, da temperatura de crescimento e do metal catalítico sobre as características do material final foi investigado por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, espectroscopia Raman e difratometria de raios X com ângulo rasante. O uso dos gases metano e acetileno levaram à formação de nanotubos de carbono para ambos os filmes metálicos, enquanto Ni parcialmente oxidado promoveu o crescimento de nanomolas. Estruturas do tipo octopus foram obtidas a partir do uso de cobre associado a um fornecimento relativamente restrito de metano.11241132Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Work Measurement Decision Diagram Development and Application at NASA\u27s Kennedy Space Center

This paper presents a decision flow diagram developed at NASA\u27s Kennedy Space Center for the selection of the appropriate work measurement methodologies for Space Shuttle processing

LC determination of propylene glycol in human plasma after pre-column derivatization with benzoyl chloride

A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method, using photodiode array detection was developed for the determination of propylene glycol in human plasma and in the fluid retreived after continuous veno-venous hemofiltration. The method entailed alkaline derivatization with benzoyl chloride and ethylene glycol as internal standard. The separation of the compounds, after extraction with pentane, was carried out on a Pursuit C8 column with UV-detection at 230 nm. Validation samples were analyzed with an accuracy between 95 and 105%, and intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation of less than 8%. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range of 5-100 mg

Nuclear Polarizabilities and Logarithmic Sum Rules

The electric polarizability and logarithmic mean-excitation energy are calculated for the deuteron using techniques introduced in atomic physics. These results are then used to improve limits on the atomic-deuterium frequency shift due to nuclear polarization in the unretarded dipole limit, as well as confirming previous results.Comment: 7 pages, latex -- To appear in Phys. Rev. C -