Dynamic Modelling, Simulation and Comparison of Large Scale Carbon Dioxide Capture in Coal Fired Power Plant using Various Amine Solvents

Chemical absorption in post combustion capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most feasible and economical technology to capture CO2. In the present work, the efficacy of CO2 capturing were studied for three different amine solvents-monoethanolamine (MEA), a mixed solvent composed of methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and piperazine (PZ), called activated MDEA (a-MDEA) and aqueous ammonia (NH3) solution. In the first part of this study, an Aspen Plus simulation model was developed and in the second part, the simulation model was used to carry out sensitivity analyses. The different key parameters for different solvents were also determined and analysed in the present study. For MEA, the key parameters were the effects of type of packing, solvent temperature and absorber height on the reboiler duty. Activated-MDEA has two key process parameters which are variation of PZ concentration in the mixed solvent and the solvent to feed ratio with the CO2 recovery and energy consumption in the reboiler of the stripper. Finally, a complete state-of-art study was done for aqueous NH3 solution on several key parameters like NH3 concentration, CO2 loading, absorber height, temperature of absorber and stripper, flow rate of lean and rich solvent, boilup ratio, condenser temperature, regeneration energy and the reboiler duty. In the final part of the study, an overall comparison is done between the three solvents by taking cost economics into consideration and thus recommending the best solvent for CO2 capturing in Post Combustion Capture using chemical absorption. Energy consumption is the major challenge for this process. Paralleling more columns or capturing a part of the overall flue gas can reduce the energy consumption

Classification of Electrocardiogram Waveforms Using PNN

With increasing computational power, sophisticated algorithms have been proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of ECG waveform classification systems. One such approach is application of PCA on the features extracted using curve fitting tool in MATLAB and application of PNN to get the classification desired for various purposes. The present work reviews the methods of feature extraction and then the application of PNN to get the classification. It also reveals an approach that can be taken for ECG waveform classification based work

Multiplicities of Jumping Numbers

We study multiplicities of jumping numbers of multiplier ideals in a smooth variety of arbitrary dimension. We prove that the multiplicity function is a quasi-polynomial, hence proving that the Poincar\'e series is a rational function. We further study when the various components of the quasi-polynomial have the highest possible degree and relate it to jumping numbers contributed by Rees valuations. Finally, we study the special case of monomial ideals.Comment: 19 page

Development of MapReduced Topic Sensitive PageRank

Today Search engines are smart enough to search the content as well as it can effectively rank the fetched page(s) in an useful manner. When an user search for a content in the search engine, the search engine fetches the web pages from the database server and shows the results in an organized order according to the importance of the website/web page .The importance of a page can be calculated with a PageRank value (i.e. the number of different pages point to it). If we analyze the web a little; we can observe that it forms a sparse graph with each node representing a web page and each edge representing one hyper link. More specically we can consider this graph to be directed. Hence the web can be represented as a matrix and PageRank can be formulated as a recursive linear equation and hence PageRank values can be calculated as an eigenvector to the equation. Spider trap and Dead end problems have been studied and those can be solved with the reformulation of web matrix with a random surfing probability also known as dumping factor. Considering these factors a map-reduce model can be developed and easily implemented in any Hadoop like environment. Map-Reduce takes the advantages of parallel processing in a cluster and sparseness of the web matrix also favors the choice of map-reduce programming model. Topic sensitive PageRank is studied and the map-reduce version for modified PageRank is designed and hence implemente

To Investigate the absorption, dynamic contact angle and printability effects of synthetic zeolite pigments in an inkjet receptive coating

Ink absorption performance in inkjet receptive coatings containing synthetic zeolite pigments was studied. Coating pigment pore and particle size distribution are the key parameters that influence in modifying media surface properties, thus affecting the rate of ink penetration and drying time (Schölkopf, et al. 2004). The primary objective of this study was: (1) to investigate the synthetic zeolite pigment effects on inkjet ink absorption, dynamic contact angle and printability, and (2) to evaluate these novel synthetic zeolite pigments in replacing the fumed silica pigments in conventional inkjet receptive coatings. In this research study, single pigment coating formulations (in equal P:B ratio) were prepared using microporous synthetic zeolite pigments (5A, Organophilic and 13X) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) binder. The laboratory-coated samples were characterized for absorption, air permeance, roughness, drying time, wettability and print fidelity. Based on the rheological data, it was found that the synthetic zeolite formulated coatings depicted a Newtonian flow behavior at low shear; while the industry accepted fumed silica based coatings displayed a characteristically high pseudoplastic flow behavior. Our coated samples generated using microporous synthetic zeolite pigments produced low absorption, reduced wettability and accelerated ink drying characteristics. These characteristics were caused due to the synthetic zeolite pigments, which resulted in relatively closed surface structure coated samples. The research suggested that no single selected synthetic zeolite coating performed better than the conventional fumed silica based coatings. Experimental data also showed that there was no apparent relationship between synthetic zeolite pigment pore sizes and inkjet ink absorption. For future research, above coated samples should be evaluated for pore size distribution using Mercury Porosimeter, which quantifies surface porosity of coated samples. This presented approach can be easily used for investigating other such microporous coating pigments in formulating inkjet receptive coating. The research findings will benefit the coating formulators, engineers and material science students, in understanding the absorption characteristics of selected synthetic zeolite pigments thereby encouraging them in identifying other such alternative pigments in conventional inkjet receptive coatings

A Frobenius Version of Tians Alpha-Invariant

For a pair (X,L) consisting of a projective variety X over a perfect field of characteristic p>0 and an ample line bundle L on X, we introduce and study a positive characteristic analog of the $\alpha$-invariant introduced by Tian, which we call the $\alpha_F$-invariant. We utilize the theory of F-singularities in positive characteristics, and our approach is based on replacing klt singularities with the closely related notion of global F-regularity. We show that the $\alpha_F$-invariant of a pair (X,L) can be understood in terms of the global Frobenius splittings of the linear systems |mL|, for m>0. We establish inequalities relating the $\alpha_F$-invariant with the F- signature, and use that to prove the positivity of the $\alpha_F$-invariant for all globally F-regular projective varieties (with respect to any ample L on X). When X is a Fano variety and L is $-K_X$, we prove that the $\alpha_F$-invariant of X is always bounded above by 1/2 and establish tighter comparisons with the F-signature. We also show that for toric Fano varieties, the $\alpha_F$-invariant matches with the usual (complex) $\alpha$-invariant. Finally, we prove that the $\alpha_F$-invariant is lower semicontinuous in a family of globally F-regular Fano varieties.Comment: 43 pages. Comments welcom

Formal Verification of Safety Properties for Ownership Authentication Transfer Protocol

In ubiquitous computing devices, users tend to store some valuable information in their device. Even though the device can be borrowed by the other user temporarily, it is not safe for any user to borrow or lend the device as it may cause private data of the user to be public. To safeguard the user data and also to preserve user privacy we propose and model the technique of ownership authentication transfer. The user who is willing to sell the device has to transfer the ownership of the device under sale. Once the device is sold and the ownership has been transferred, the old owner will not be able to use that device at any cost. Either of the users will not be able to use the device if the process of ownership has not been carried out properly. This also takes care of the scenario when the device has been stolen or lost, avoiding the impersonation attack. The aim of this paper is to model basic process of proposed ownership authentication transfer protocol and check its safety properties by representing it using CSP and model checking approach. For model checking we have used a symbolic model checker tool called NuSMV. The safety properties of ownership transfer protocol has been modeled in terms of CTL specification and it is observed that the system satisfies all the protocol constraint and is safe to be deployed.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures,Submitted to ADCOM 201

Doubly fed induction generator with integrated energy storage system for smoothening of output power

Wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable energies in the world today. However, integration of wind power into the power system network is still confronting many challenges. One of the main challenges is the suppression of wind power fluctuations. This thesis focuses on integration of wind power with energy storage to overcome the integration challenges. The first part of this thesis investigates the suitability of energy storage systems for transmission, distribution and wind farm applications. A review on the available energy storage systems is performed considering several criteria. Efforts are made to investigate solutions that meet all the power system requirements. In the second part of the thesis, a wind turbine generator with integrated energy storage system is modeled and studied for smoothening of the output power fluctuations due to changes in wind velocity. An ultra-capacitor is used as an energy storage system which is integrated into the doubly-fed induction generator through a bidirectional buck-boost dc-dc converter. Different modes of operation for the integrated system are studied and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the designed model using the software package MATLAB/Simulink. The last part of the thesis focuses on application of the doubly-fed induction machine. The grid-side converter of the machine is used to supply harmonics for nearby non-linear loads. A multiple reference frame synchronous estimator and controller are used to track and eliminate the dynamically changing 6k ±1 harmonics on the power system network. This complete system is developed and tested using the software package PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results and the harmonic analysis verify the correct operation of the system --Abstract, page iii

Conservation and synteny of long non-coding RNAs invertebrate genomes and their identification in novel transcriptomes

Long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) are a biological entity defined by what they are not, rather than by what they are. This indicates that our knowledge about them is sensibly limited. The aim of my PhD is to gain insights into the evolution and the functions of IncRNAs through computational approaches and the usage of large scale functional genomics dataset. I developed an annotation pipeline, which can effectively identify IncRNAs in entire transcriptomes. The pipeline is able to accurately annotate the coding genes while predicting a conservative estimate of the IncRNA population. It allowed me to show, for the first time, the presence of lncRNA transcription in a diverse range of organisms. Further, I analysed sequence and positional conservation of lncRNAs, demonstrating the presence of short segments of conserved sequence in IncRNAs and the existence of several syntenically conserved non-coding transcripts over large evolutionary distances. However, I also demonstrate that positional conservation of lncRNAs with a flanking coding gene is generally independent from the conservation of the lncRNA expression with respect to the coding gene. Finally, I have characterised the diversity of lncRNA transcription in specific cells and developmental stages of two teleost fishes. In summary, the work presented in the thesis provides novel findings and contributions in the field of lncRNAomics