フォロアの初期移動を考慮したリーダ追従型隊列誘導に関する研究

電気通信大学200

ホウレンソウ種子に存在するα-グルコシダーゼの分子多型変化

Two molecular forms of α-glucosidase were isolated from spinach seeds after storage at 4℃ by CM-cellulose column chromatography and gel filtration. The molecular masses of α-glucosidase A and B were 78 kDa and 82 kDa by SDS-PAGE, and 62 kDa and 70 kDa by gel filtration, respectively. α-Glucosidase A had high activity not only toward maltooligosaccharides but also toward α-glucans. The optimum pH was 4.5-5.5 and about 50% of the activity remained after incubation at 65℃ for 20 min. On the other hand, α-glucosidase B had high activity toward maltooligosaccharides but faint activity toward α-glucans. The optimum pH was 5.0 and no activity was found after incubation at 65℃ for 20 min. The enzymatic and immunological properties of α-glucosidase A and B were similar to those of α-glucosidase. Ⅰor Ⅱ, and α-glucosidase Ⅲ or Ⅳ, isolated from spinach seeds without 4℃ storage, respectively. These findings suggest that the α-glucosidase in spinach seeds is modified to be two molecular forms.4℃保存したホウレンソウ種子から2種のα-グリコシダーゼをCM-セルロースカラムクロマトグラフィーとゲル濾過により精製した。α-グルコシダーゼAとBの分子量はそれぞれSDS-PAGEで78kDA、82kDa、ゲル濾過で62kDa、70kDaであった。α-グルコシダーゼAはマルトオリゴ糖だけではなく可溶性デンプンに対して強い加水分解活性を示した。至適pHは4.5-5.5であり、65℃、20分処理後に約50％の残存活性を示した。一方、α-グルコシダーゼBはマルトオリゴ等に対して強い加水分解活性を示したが、可溶性デンプンに対してほとんど活性を示さなかった。至適pHは5.0であり、65℃、20分処理後に活性を消失した。α-グルコシダーゼAとα-グルコシダーゼBは、4℃保存を行わない種子に見出されたα-グルコシダーゼⅠ、Ⅱとα-グルコシダーゼⅢ、Ⅳにそれぞれ酵素化学的性質、免疫化学的性質が類似していた。これらの結果、ホウレンソウ種子に存在するα-グルコシダーゼの分子多型は2種類に収束されることが示唆された

Effect of different freezing methods on drip, texture, microstructure in fresh cheese (paneer)

Paneer is acid heat milk coagulated soft cheese popular in South East Asia. The shelf life is a major limitation for its utilization; even when kept under refrigeration. Similarly, the texture becomes flaky and fluffy after thawing. Freezing rate effects on the growth of ice crystals as well as microstructure damage that is responsible for the change in the textural quality of the Paneer. In this study, the effect of two-dimensional freezing by static air observed before and after freezing. Effect of freezing on panner were subject to analyses under slow freezing at -30°C, rapid freezing at -80 °C and supercooling freezing conditions. The quality evaluation carried out by means of drip loss, textural analysis, and microscopic observation. By using this technique, it was possible to decide the supercooling freezing is significantly best method for preserve the paneer to keep required hardness, low drip and small cracks and rupture in a microstructure in compare to another method

Studies on the Chironomid Midges Collected in Hokkaido and Northern Honshu

Collections of adult chironomids were conducted by H. Suzuki at 5 localities in southwestern Hokkaido in September, 1997, by M. Sasa in the Aizu area, Fukushima, in October, 1997, and by K. Kamimura in Aomori Prefecture in August 1997, by using light traps at night or by sweeping with insect net during daytime. The species identification was made after the specimens were individually mounted on slides in gum-chloral medium. In Hokkaido, 9 species were identified with specimens collected in the campus of Hokkaido University, 16 species including 5 new species at Ginzan, 14 species including 5 new species at Misumai, 8 species including 2 new species at Kyogoku, and 4 species at the foot of Mount Tarumae. In the Aizu area, 2 species were identified with specimens collected on fluorescent lamps at Koriyama, 4 species, including a species belonging to Protanypus, a genus new to Japan, were collected on the shore of Lake Inawashiro and another 4 species, including a new species of a new subgenus, Pseudosmittia (Hibarasmittia) hibaraundecima, were collected on the shore of Lake Hibara. In Aomori Prefecture, 2 species, including a new species of genus Macropelopia, at Sukayu, 2 species at Asamushi, and 3 species at Fukaura, including a new species of genus Tanytarsus, were identified

Studies on the Species of Family Chironomidae (Diptera) Collected on Minamidaito Island, Okinawa, South Japan. Part 1.

Collections of the specimens of the insect family Chironomidae were conducted on a small island of Minamidaito, Okinawa, southwestern Japan, during the period from March 26 to 29, 2001, with insect net in daytime and light traps after sunset and to next morning, and also by rearing adults in the laboratory from bottom sediments. The adult males were dissected and individually mounted on slide glasses in gum-chloral medium, and their species were identified. As the results, they are classified into 31 species including 16 new species. It is again a surprising fact that so many the species of this family, including new species, were collected from such a small island

Studies on the Chironomid Midges of Tsushima and Iki Islands, Western Japan. : Part 2. Species of Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae Collected on Tsushima.

Collection of the adult specimens of the insects family Chironomidae were carried out by Suzuki during the period from March 24 to 26, using light traps at 2 localities and by daytime sweeping with insect net at 18 localities on Tsushima Island. By microscopic examinations of 377 individually mounted slide specimens, 127 were found to be belonging to the subfamily Chironominae, and were classified into 48 species including 34 new species, and were described in our previous report (Sasa and Suzuki, 1999). The rest 250 specimens were classified into 56 species (including 31 new species) of the sub family Orthocladiinae, and 6 species (including 2 new species) of the sub family Tanypodinae. It was again demonstrated that this island is very rich in the chironomid fauna, and many new species are again added by the present studies. It is also shown that rather rare species so far collected only in central or eastern Japan are found in this remote island located in western Japan near the Asian continent

Studies on the Chironomid Species Collected at Five Localities in Hokkaido in September, 1998 (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Collections of adults of the insect family Chironomidae were conducted in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan, in September 1998. Collection was carried out by sweeping with insect net in the campus of Hokkaido University in the city of Sapporo, and 17 specimens were individually mounted on slides, and were identified as belonging to 7 species. Collections were conducted also at 4 localities in the Hidaka Mountain areas with light trap or by sweeping with insect nets, and a total of 25 species, including 8 new species, are recorded in this report. The new species are names as Micropsectra hidakabecea, Eurycnemus hidakacedeus, Rheocricotopus hidakadeeus, Bisaiyusurika hidakaefea, Limnophyes hidakafegeus, Parakiefferiella hidakagehea, Parakiefferiella hidakaheia, and Smittia hidakaijea

Studies on the Chironomid Collected on Goto Islands, Western Japan

Collections of chironomid midges were conducted by Suzuki at 3 localities on the Goto Islands situated west of Kyushu, at the side of Wani River on Nov. 28,1999, at the side of Ohgawara River on Nov. 29, and in the town of Fukue on Nov. 29. Samples of fallen leaves were collected in vinyl bags from bottom of the streams, kept in the laboratory under room temperature, and adult midges emerged from them were individually mounted on slides in gum-chloral medium with our standard method. A total of 29 adult male specimens collected with this method were examined, and were classified into 9 chironomid species, among which 3 are described as new species. Wild adult midges swarming in the air or resting in bushes were also collected during daytime with insect net at the same localities, screened under stereomicroscope for differentiating the species, and 95 adult males among them were mounted on slides. These were classified into 34 chironomid species, and 4 among them are described as new species. The number of species common to these samples collected with the two different methods were only 4, and none of the new species were collected with the two methods, showing that the simultaneous use of these methods are both significant. Of the total of 40 species collected this time, only 11 are considered as in common with those recorded from Europe, Americas and the mainland of Japan, 22 are those already recorded in other areas of Japan but not outside of this country, and 7 are described as new species this time