Formation of Polyurethane Film Containing Silicone Polymer with Silanol Residue

The silicone polymers containing a silanol residue were synthesized from silica gel, while the polyurethanes (PUs) bearing a carboxyl moiety were prepared using 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (BHMPA) as one of the diol components. The fabrication of the PU films was carried out using these two polymers, then the tensile and thermal properties were investigated. Both the amounts of the carboxyl side groups of the PU chain and the residual silanol of the silicone polymer significantly affected the mechanical property of the film, in addition, the incorporation of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) was quite effective for enhancing the elastic modulus (E). As a result, the film prepared from the polyurethane containing the BHMPA unit with a combination of APTMS and the silicone polymer, having a proper amount of silanol groups, showed the highest effect (E = 5.36 N/mm2), while that observed for the film prepared without using BHMPA and a silicone polymer was 2.10 N/mm2. An acid-base interaction between the carboxyl moiety of the PU and amino group of APTMS occurred, while the formation of the siloxane linkage through the silylation reaction between the trimethoxysilyl group of APTMS and silanol also took place

Facies analysis of the Jito Formation ( Upper Triassic Nariwa Group ) in Jito Area, Kawakami, Okayama Pref., SWJapan.

Facies analysis and analysis of stratigraphy together with folded structure of the Norian Jito Formation were studied in Jito Area, Kawakami, Okayama Pref., SW Japan. Results of regional mapping and measured sections reconstruct three-dimensionally distribution of the Jito Formation. The Jito Formation is sub-divided into the four new members; the Shimohira Muddy Sandstone Member, the Otofuji Coarse-grained Turbidite Member, the Misawa Fine-grained Turbidaite Member, and the Ide Conglomerate Sandstone Member in ascending order. The shimohira Muddy Sandstone Member is interpreted to be deposited in an inner-bay. The Otofuji Coarse-grained Turbidite Member and The Misawa Fine-grained Turbidite Member are considered to be deposited on a continental shelf. The Ide Conglomerate Sandstone Member is inferred to be a shallow marine deposit. As a result, the Jito Formation is regarded as one transgressive-regressive package

Log Jam Formation and Flood Damage to House by Detour Flood Flow around a Bridge

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Docking Strategy To Construct Thermostable, Single-Crystalline, Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework with High Surface Area

Enhancing thermal and chemical durability and increasing surface area are two main directions for the construction and improvement of the performance of porous hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). Herein, a hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) derivative that possesses six carboxyaryl groups serves as a suitable building block for the systematic construction of thermally and chemically durable HOFs with high surface area through shape-fitted docking between the HAT cores and interpenetrated three-dimensional network. A HAT derivative with carboxybiphenyl groups forms a stable single-crystalline porous HOF that displays protic solvent durability, even in concentrated HCl, heat resistance up to 305 °C, and a high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area [SA(BET)] of 1288 m2 g−1. A single crystal of this HOF displays anisotropic fluorescence, which suggests that it would be applicable to polarized emitters based on robust functional porous materials.This is the accepted version of the following article: Hisaki I., Suzuki Y., Gomez E., et al. Docking Strategy To Construct Thermostable, Single-Crystalline, Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework with High Surface Area. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 57, 12650 (2018), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201805472. This article may be used for non-commercialpurposes in accordance with the Wiley Self-ArchivingPolicy [https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing/self-archiving.html

Naturally Occurring 3RS, 7R, 11R-Phytanic Acid Suppresses In Vitro T-Cell Production of Interferon-Gamma

Background: Among the eight stereoisomers of phytanic acid (PA), the 3RS, 7R, 11R-isomer is naturally occurring and is present in foods and the human body. PA is considered to have possible health benefits in the immune system. However, it remains undetermined whether these effects are elicited by the 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA isomer, because previous studies used a commercially available PA whose isomer configuration is unknown. In this study, we synthesized a preparation of 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA, and investigated its in vitro immunomodulatory effects, especially the T-cell production of interferon (IFN)-γ, which is associated with various autoimmune diseases. This study also investigated the effects of 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA on NF-κB activity in order to address the mechanism of its immunomodulatory effects. Methods: Mouse splenocytes and purified T-cells were stimulated with T-cell mitogens and incubated with 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA, followed by evaluation of IFN-γ production. The effect of 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA on NF-κB activity was also investigated using an A549 cell line with stable expression of an NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter gene. Results: 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA significantly reduced in vitro IFN-γ production at both the protein and mRNA levels, and was accompanied by decreased expression of T-bet, a key regulator of Th1 cell differentiation. The results indicated that NFκB-mediated transcriptional activity was significantly decreased by 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA and that GW6471, an antagonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), abrogated the inhibitory effect of 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA on NF-κB activity. Conclusions: The present study suggests that 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA is a functional and bioactive fatty acid, and has a potentially beneficial effect for amelioration of T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. This study also indicates that interference in the NF-κB pathway via PPARα activation is a potential mechanism of the immunomodulatory effects of 3RS, 7R, 11R-PA

Lifetime reduction of a quantum emitter with quasiperiodic metamaterials

Enhancement of light-matter interaction of a quantum emitter with subwavelength quasiperiodic metamaterials is proposed and demonstrated. The quasiperiodic metamaterials consist of subwavelength metal-dielectric multilayers, which are arranged into a Fibonacci lattice. The influence of Fibonacci metamaterials (FM) on the dipole emission is analyzed with a semiclassical model. The local density of states near FM is evaluated and a characteristic mode in higher wave numbers is revealed; a strong enhancement of the decay rate was predicted. A lifetime measurement is carried out and a reduction of lifetime of quantum dots on the surface of FM is observed. The enhancement of light-matter interaction arises from the localized latticelike state inherent for self-similar quasiperiodic order

Acid Responsive Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks

A porous hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) responsive to acid was constructed from a hexaazatrinaphthylene derivative with carboxyphenyl groups (CPHATN). Precise structures of both 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene solvate [CPHATN-1(TCB)] and activated HOF with permanent porosity (CPHATN-1a) were successfully determined by single-crystalline X-ray diffraction analysis. Permanent porosity of CPHATN-1a was evaluated by gas sorption experiments at low temperature. CPHATN-1a also shows significant thermal stability up to 633 K. Its crystals exhibit a rich photochemistry thanks to intramolecular charge-transfer and interunit proton-transfer reactions. Femtosecond (fs) experiments on crystals demonstrate that these events occur in ≤200 fs and 1.2 ps, respectively. Moreover, single-crystal fluorescence microscopy reveals a shift of the emission spectra most probably as a result of defects and a high anisotropic behavior, reflecting an ordered crystalline structure with a preferential orientation of the molecular dipole moments. Remarkably, CPHATN-1a, as a result of the protonation of pyradyl nitrogen atoms embedded in its π-conjugated core, shows reversible vapor acid-induced color changes from yellow to reddish-brown, which can be also followed by an ON/OFF of its emission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first HOF that exhibits acid-responsive color changes. The present work provides new findings for developing stimuli responsive HOFs.Hisaki I., Suzuki Y., Gomez E., et al. Acid Responsive Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 141(5), 2111-2121, (2019), 6 February 2019; © 2019 American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b12124